Customs and habits of Spring Festival in various places

The Spring Festival of Zhuang nationality lasts for three days from the 30th to the first and second days of the first month. On New Year's Eve, everyone kills chickens and ducks, steamed braised pork, lean meat powder and barbecued pork. The rice on New Year's Eve should be steamed a lot, which symbolizes wealth. There should be boiled chicken on the dining table, families with old people, stewed pig's trotters and whole chicken. Zongzi is an indispensable food for Zhuang people during the Spring Festival, but it is not eaten on the evening of the 30th. Zongzi of Zhuang nationality is a noble food, one or two kilos big and only two or three ounces small. In addition, there is another kind called "Feng Mo", which means extra-large zongzi, weighing ten or twenty Jin. Zongzi is delicious. On the first and second days of the first month, guests will eat zongzi. During the Spring Festival, cultural and sports activities such as singing, spinning, dancing and ball games will be held.

The Tibetan New Year

According to Tibetan scholars, in ancient times, the Spring Festival in Tibet was not celebrated at the turn of winter and spring, but in summer. "Wheat ripens at the beginning of the year", "Under the snow-capped mountains, wheat turns yellow and a happy New Year is coming." Now, in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, there is a tradition of "looking for fruit" before the autumn harvest. People wear ancient costumes, ride horses, pray in circles along the harvested highland barley, ride horses and shoot arrows, dance around the bonfire, and entertain themselves and the local patron saint. According to legend, this is a relic of the Chinese New Year in June in ancient Tibet.

There is also the "wheat harvest is the beginning of a year" on the first day of October in the Tibetan calendar. The Kampot (Linzhi) area, 400 kilometers east of Lhasa, is surrounded by snow-capped mountains and virgin forests. It is still the first day of October in the Tibetan calendar and is called Kampot Lotha. According to the history of Tibet, the Kampot region has a very long history. Bonism, the primitive religion of Tibet, was very popular here long before the establishment of the Tubo Dynasty. The Tibetan calendar celebrates the New Year in October, which originated in those ancient times.

Around the 3rd century A.D./KLOC-0, when the sagar Dynasty ruled Tibet, Tibetans celebrated the New Year in the first month of the Tibetan calendar. However, farmers usually celebrate the New Year on the first day of1February, which is called "Solang Losa". Because of the first month of the Tibetan calendar, the spring is budding and the farming is busy, farmers are not in the mood for the New Year.

Put on the most beautiful clothes and the most precious jewelry in the new year. Even people with poor economic conditions should prepare a robe or one or two rough decorations for the New Year, which is called' Saju' in Tibetan, that is, new clothes. These, of course, come from the nature of Tibetans who love beauty. But there is also a saying that Qu Jie, the god king Xin, wants to observe human life through a bronze mirror. Everyone is dressed up beautifully. He is happy, giving some benefits to the world. Wearing rags, he is depressed and brings disaster and plague. Therefore, wearing new clothes during the Spring Festival is to please the king of God. On the third day of the first month, Lhasa people walked out of the noisy market in droves and came to the Aquarius Mountain in the eastern suburbs and the Wangyaoshan Mountain in the western suburbs, planting flags and hanging banners to worship the mountain gods and water gods.

On the fifth day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar, farmers in the suburbs of Lhasa will hold a grand ploughing ceremony. The farmers put on their holiday costumes, and the strong cows are dressed more beautifully, with ghee patterns on their foreheads, red flags and colorful feathers on their horns, colorful satin on their shoulders, shells and turquoise on the satin, and colorful ribbons on their tails. It is no exaggeration to describe them as "beautifully dressed".

the Mongol nationality

The Mongolians always advocate white, so they call the first month of the lunar calendar "Bai Yue" and the Spring Festival "White Festival". Preparations for the Mongolian New Year began on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month. In addition to cleaning, bathing and arranging yurts, people have to put on new clothes, Ma Peihong tassels and new saddles. Give the whole cow and sheep to their closest relatives and friends with Hada. Eat "hand-grabbed meat" on New Year's Eve to show family reunion. In the early morning of the first day of the first lunar month, we first propose a toast to our elders and then propose a toast to our peers. Friends and relatives exchange Hada to congratulate you on your good luck in the new year. The first day to pay New Year greetings to elders must be in the morning.

Bai (ba)

Bai people began to worship each other and give each other gifts on New Year's Eve. After midnight, young men and women rushed to fetch water as a sign of thrift. In the morning, the whole family drinks rice candy water. May the days be sweeter than honey. After breakfast, the children, led by adults, go to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings to their elders. Playing dragon lanterns, lion dances and whipping the overlord are essential activities in the festival.

Cloth (BY)

Buyi people should prepare festival foods such as Baba and rice wine before New Year's Eve, and stay up until dawn on New Year's Eve. As soon as the cock crowed at dawn, the girls ran to the river to fetch water. Whoever takes the first sip of water shows that she is the most hardworking and happy.

Korean nation

On New Year's Eve, the Han family stayed up all night, and the ancient music of Gayeqin and flute brought people into the New Year. During the festival, men, women and children indulge in singing and dancing, and hold competitions such as springboard pressing and tug-of-war. A traditional celebration was held on the evening of the fifteenth day of the first month. Several elected old people boarded the "moon-watching frame" to see the bright moon first, which symbolizes the health, progress and all the best for future generations. Then, everyone danced around the lighted "moon viewing frame", accompanied by long drums, flutes and suona music.

Daur

The Daur people call the Spring Festival "Agne". On the morning of New Year's Eve, every family cleaned the courtyard and made a tall crib with sundries and livestock manure in front of the gate. After the chimney is lit at night, the air is filled with faint smoke, and the festive atmosphere is everywhere. Old people throw large pieces of meat, steamed stuffed buns, jiaozi and other foods into the fire, wishing people and animals good health and abundant crops. In the evening, the whole family eats hand-grabbed meat and carries out various activities to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. People plant incense in the snow on the west side of the house and bow to the west to show their memory of their ancestors. On New Year's Eve, everyone eats jiaozi, and jiaozi is wrapped with a white line, which means longevity. During the Spring Festival, there are hockey games, masquerade parties, listening to books and singing games.

Gaoshan (GS)

During the Spring Festival, people of Gaoshan ethnic group wear gorgeous national costumes and gather in groups at the edge of the village to drink and enjoy songs and dances accompanied by musical instruments. Some villages also hold harpoon competitions and carry out sports activities, such as lifting basketball and pole ball.

Hezhe ethnic group

The Hezhe Spring Festival is the happiest program of the year. On New Year's Eve, everyone cooks New Year's Eve, cuts window grilles and puts up lanterns. On New Year's Day, girls, women and children all put on new clothes embroidered with clouds and go to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year's greetings. Fish banquet is a delicacy for Hezhe people to entertain guests. It has a sour and spicy taste of "stepping and stretching" (raw fish), a crispy taste of "fried fish hair" and transparent and bright red salmon seeds. Skiing, shooting grass targets and passing grass balls are the entertainment activities that Hezhe teenagers are obsessed with.

Lahu people

The Lahu people celebrate the New Year from the first day to the fourth day of the first month, and from the ninth day to the eleventh day of the first month. On the 30 th night of the twelfth lunar month, pigs are killed to make glutinous rice, and each family makes a pair of big Baba, which symbolizes the stars, indicating the new year, good weather and good harvest. Lahu people also have the custom of getting together to support the elderly.

Manchu

Manchu people need stick grilles, couplets and the word "God" to celebrate the Spring Festival. This year, the whole family will buy jiaozi, jiaozi pays attention to pleating, and jiaozi, the monk's head, can't be pinched off, for fear that he will be "bald" all his life. Jiaozi should be packed in rows, symbolizing the wealth of the new year extending in all directions. Jiaozi can't let it go, for fear that there is no way out.

She ethnic group

She nationality should adopt homophonic characters in the Spring Festival, wishing them good luck in the new year and sticking to them every day. On the first day of New Year's Day, the She people paid homage to Pan Hu's ancestor, and the whole family paid homage to the "Pan Gu Zutu" (a portrait drawn according to the legend of Pan Hu), telling the hardships of their ancestors in starting a business.

Tujia nationality

Tujia people want to dance "wave" in the New Year. In the past, when dancing and shaking hands, three cages were hung in the "wave hall", in which the heads and hooves of pig heads, pork, incense sticks and wild boar were hung. Then, the old toast in red cassock and crown, holding musical instruments, waved and shouted, and all men, women and children participated. After worshipping God, they danced. Now, Tujia people not only dance with their hands, but also play dragon lanterns, play lions, perform drama and martial arts.

Department of Veterans Affairs

Wa people congratulate each other on New Year's Day, especially the elders in the stockade. During the New Year's greetings, the two sides gave each other plantains, glutinous rice Baba and sugar cane, symbolizing unity and harmony. Wa men and women in Cangyuan and other places gather in the square to dance in a circle on holiday nights, while elderly women wear long skirts. Dozens of people are in a team, with their hands on the shoulders of their predecessors, singing ancient songs and moving lightly.