The First Translation of Chronicle of Five Emperors

The First Translation of Chronicle of Five Emperors

Vernacular translation

Huangdi is a descendant of Shaodian tribe, surnamed Gongsun Ming Xuanyuan. He was born spiritual and could speak as a baby. He was smart and alert when he was young, honest and diligent when he grew up, knowledgeable when he grew up and saw things clearly.

At the time of Xuanyuan, the descendants of Shennong had declined, the governors attacked each other, and the people suffered greatly, but Shennong had no power to conquer them. So Xuanyuan practiced martial arts and conquered the vassals who didn't pay tribute, and the vassals all came back. Chiyou is the most violent of the princes, and no one can conquer him. Emperor Yan wanted to attack and oppress the vassals, who all came back from Xuanyuan. So Xuanyuan Xiu De reorganized the army, studied the changes of the four seasons, planted grains to appease the people, measured the land all around, and trained bears, donkeys, donkeys, donkeys. Tigers and other beasts fought against Emperor Yan in the hometown of Hanquan, and it took several battles to conquer Emperor Yan and win. Chiyou rebelled and disobeyed the orders of the Yellow Emperor. So the Yellow Emperor summoned the troops of the governors to fight Chiyou in the hometown of Zhuolu, and finally captured and killed him. In this way, the governors of all walks of life respected Xuanyuan as the emperor, replacing Shennong, and this was the Yellow Emperor. When there was rebellion in the world, the Yellow Emperor went to conquer and pacify a place, and then left, cutting mountains to clear the way along the way, and never had peace there.

The Yellow Emperor crossed the East China Sea and boarded Maruyama Mountain and Mount Tai. I went west to Kongtong and climbed Jitou Mountain. Go south to the Yangtze River and board Woong San and Xiangshan. Expelled the porridge tribe to the north, came to Busan to check the deed with the ministers, and built the Du Yi at the foot of Zhulu Mountain. Huangdi lived without a fixed place and moved around. Wherever he led his army, he built barracks to protect himself. The official positions of the Yellow Emperor were all named after the cloud, and the army was called the cloud division. He set up the left and right prisons, which supervised the vassal States. At this time, all countries are very stable. Therefore, since ancient times, when the Yellow Emperor came, most people sacrificed to ghosts and gods and mountains and rivers. The Yellow Emperor got a treasure tripod from the sky, so he observed the movement of the sun, used yarrow to calculate the calendar for divination, and predicted the date of solar terms. He appointed Hou Feng, Li Mu, Chang Xian and Da Hong to manage the people. Huangdi followed the laws of the four seasons of heaven and earth, speculated on the changes of yin and yang, explained the truth of life and death, and explored the reasons for existence and death. He sowed hundreds of crops according to seasons, domesticated birds, beasts and silkworms, measured the sun, moon and stars to determine the calendar, collected earth, stones and jade for the people, worked hard and saved water, fire, wood and all kinds of property. He is an auspicious symbol of the property that the son of heaven has soil. The color of soil is yellow, so it is called the Yellow Emperor.

The Yellow Emperor had twenty-five sons, fourteen of whom established their own surnames.

The Yellow Emperor lived in Xuanyuan Mountain and married the daughter of Xiling State. This is Rezu. Lei Zu is the imperial concubine of the Yellow Emperor. She has two sons, and their descendants all have the world: one is Xuantao, Qingyang, who was made a vassal and settled in the river; The other is called Changyi, who was also named a vassal and settled in Ruoshui. Changyi married the daughter of Shushan, named Changfu, and gave birth to Levin. Levin has the virtue of a saint. The Yellow Emperor was buried in Qiao Shan after his death, and Levin, the son of Sun Changyi, was Emperor Zhuan Xu.

Zhuan Xu Di Levin is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor and the son of Changyi. He is quiet and steady, but he has an opportunity to know everything. He raised all kinds of crops and livestock to make full use of soil fertility, calculated the four seasons to conform to nature, followed ghosts and gods to make rituals, straightened out the qi of the four seasons and five elements to educate all beings, and purified his body and mind to worship ghosts and gods. He has been to Youling in the north, Jiaodian in the south, quicksand in the west and Panmu in the east. All kinds of animals and plants, great gods and small gods, all the places where the sun and the moon shine, have all been decided, and no one is dissatisfied.

Zhuan Xu's son is named Qiong Chan. After Zhuan Xu's death, Xuantao's grandson Gao Xin succeeded to the throne. This is Di Ku.

Di Ku Gao Xin is the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Gao Xin's father is Gao E, Gao E's father is Xuanzang, and Xuanzang's father is the Yellow Emperor. Xuanzang and Gao E did not ascend to the throne, and they did not ascend to the throne until Gao Xin. Gao Xin is Zhuan Xu's nephew.

Gao Xin was born with aura and called his name as soon as he was born. He is generally kind to others but not to himself. He has a keen ear and a clear eye, and can understand the situation in the distance and gain insight into subtle things. He complied with God's will and understood the urgent needs of the people. Kindness and majesty, gentleness and trustworthiness, self-cultivation, and the world is smooth. He collects products from the land and uses them frugally; He loves and educates all people and teaches them all kinds of beneficial things; He calculated the movement of the sun and the moon according to the solar terms of a fixed age, and respectfully greeted the sun and the moon. He knows all about ghosts and gods and serves them carefully. He is handsome and virtuous. He took action at the right time and treated it like a scholar. Di Ku's governance of the people is as impartial as rain watering farmland, and it has spread all over the world. Wherever the sun and the moon go, where the wind and rain go, there will be no disobedient people.

Marry Chen's daughter and give birth. Marrying Zhang's daughter makes you wise. After his death, Zhi succeeded to the throne. After Zhidi ascended the throne, his achievements were not obvious, and his younger brother succeeded him. This is Di Yao.

Emperor Yao is Fang Xun. He is as kind as heaven and as wise as god. Close to him, as warm as the sun; Look up at him, just like a cloud covering the earth. He is rich but not proud, noble but not indulgent. He is wearing a yellow hat and black clothes. A scarlet car is driving a white horse. He can respect virtuous people and make people of nine generations love each other. People in the same family have always been in harmony and have all gone to visit officials. Hundreds of officials have made outstanding achievements, and all parties can live in harmony.

Emperor Yao ordered the family and He family to follow God's will, draw up a calendar according to the appearance of the sun and the moon and the arrangement of the stars, and carefully teach the people about festivals. In addition, Xi Zhong was ordered to live in a place called Yangu, greet the sunrise respectfully, and arrange spring ploughing step by step. On the vernal equinox, the day is as long as the night, and the stars in Suzaku's seven nights appear in the south when they faint for the first time, so as to determine the time of mid-spring. At this time, the people will disperse their work, and birds and animals will mate. He also ordered Uncle Xi to live in the southern suburbs, arrange summer farm work step by step, and do it carefully. In summer, the day is the longest, and the antares in the seven nights of the Black Dragon appear in the south at the beginning of fainting, thus determining the clock. At this time, people are tall and birds and animals are scarce. He also ordered He Zhong to live in Xitu, the so-called Unknown Valley, respectfully send down the sun and arrange the autumn harvest step by step. On the day of the autumnal equinox, the nights are long and the days are long, and the virtual lodge in the seven towers of Xuanwu Pavilion appears in the south at the first faint, so as to determine the Mid-Autumn Festival. At this time, people moved to the flat land, and birds and animals regenerated new hair. He also ordered Uncle He to live in the north, named Youdu, and carefully arranged the winter gathering. On the solstice of winter, the day is the shortest, and the Pleiades in the White Tiger Seven Nights appeared in the south when it fainted for the first time, so as to determine the mid-winter time. At this time, people enter the house to keep warm, and birds and animals are covered with fine hair. There are 366 days in a year, and the four seasons are corrected by setting leap months. Emperor Yao sincerely warned the officials to do their jobs and did everything.

Yao said, "Who can inherit my career?" Fang Qi said, "Your son Dani is very sensible." Yao said, "Hum! Dani, he is stupid and fierce, so he can't use it. " Yao asked again, "Who else can?" Gou Dou said: "Workers from * * gather widely and make achievements, which can be used." Yao said; "* * * workers are good at speaking good words, with ulterior motives, seemingly respectful, deceiving God, and cannot be used." Yao asked again, "Alas, April Mountain, now the flood is mighty, and the people are extremely sad. Who can be sent to cure? " Everyone says guns can. Yao said, "Guns are against the destiny and harm relatives, so they cannot be used." The four Yue said, "Let's hire him. If not, then take him away. " Yao took April's advice and appointed Gun. Guns have been used to control water for nine years, and no results have been achieved.

Yao said, "Alas! Leaders, I have been in office for seventy years. Which one of you can follow the destiny and take my place? " April replied; "Our virtue is so humble that we dare not defile the throne." Yao said, "Please recommend it from all ministers and hermits with the same surname." Everyone said to Yao, "There is a bachelor among the people named Yu Shun." Yao said, "Yes, I've heard of it. What kind of person is he? " April replied; "He is the son of a blind man. His father is ignorant, his mother is stubborn and his brother is arrogant, but Shun can live in harmony with them and try his best to manage the family so that they will not go to evil. " Yao said, "Then I'll try him." So Yao married two daughters and saw his virtue from them. Shun asked them to lower their bodies, live at home by the Gui River, and abide by the rules of being women. Yao thought it was good to do this, so he asked Shun to try to take the post of Si Tuleideng, and carefully straightened out five kinds of ethics: father's righteousness, mother's kindness, brother and friend, brother's respect and son's filial piety, and all the people obeyed. Yao also let him participate in the official affairs, and the official affairs became orderly. Let him receive guests at Gate 4 of Mingtang. The four doors are harmonious everywhere, and the princes and guests from afar are respectful. Yao also sent Shun into the jungle, where the mountains were covered with grass. Shun was caught in a storm, but he didn't get lost. Yao even thought he was smart and moral, so he called him and said, "In the past three years, you have done everything with great care, and you can do it if you say it. Now you are on the throne. " Shun said that he was not virtuous enough to accept the throne. On the first day of the first month, Shun accepted Yao's abdication in the temple. It's Yao's great grandfather.

At this time, Yao was old and asked Shun to be the agent of the emperor's politics, so as to see if it was God's will for him to be the emperor. Shun also observed the Big Dipper to see if there was any abnormality in the movement of the sun, the moon and the five elements of gold, wood, water, fire and earth. Then, a ceremony of offering sacrifices to the gods was held temporarily, setting fire to the four seasons of heaven and earth, offering sacrifices to famous mountains and rivers from afar, and generally offering sacrifices to various gods. He collected Hou Bozi's father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law. Father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law, father-in-law and father-in-law, in February, I traveled eastward to Mount Tai, offering sacrifices to Dongyue with the ceremony of burning firewood, and offering sacrifices to famous mountains and rivers all over the country with the ceremony of remote sacrifice. Then, he called the eastern governors to coordinate and revise the solar terms of the four seasons, the size of the month, the first day and the second day of the day, unify the temperament and the standards of length, tolerance and weight, cultivate five kinds of etiquette: good luck, fierceness, hospitality, military and delicacy, and stipulate that the governors use five kinds of walls and three kinds of ribbons, the upright officials use two kinds of animals, lamb and goose, and the scholars use dead pheasants as their courtiers. In May, I visited the south; In August, I visited the west; 1 1 month, I visited the north: the same as when I first visited the east. Come back and tell the ancestral temple and the father temple to use a cow as a sacrifice. After that, he toured every five years. During these four years, princes and ministers came to the capital to meet him on time. Shun generally stated the way of governing the country to the princes, inspected it clearly according to the performance, and gave clothes to the horses and chariots according to the merits. Shun began to divide the world into twelve states, dredging rivers. It is stipulated that law enforcement should be carried out according to normal punishment, and five punishments, such as tattoo, nose cutting, foot amputation, castration and beheading, should be mitigated by exile. In government affairs, whips are used for punishment, while in university education, rulers are used for punishment, and gold can be used for atonement. If the fault is caused by the disaster, it will be pardoned; Those who persist in doing evil will be punished. Be careful, be careful, but use punishment carefully!

Gui Dou once recommended * * * workers, and Yao said "no", but Gui Dou still tried his craftsman, and * * * workers really indulged in circuitous ways. In April, Yao suggested using guns to control water, but in April, he insisted on giving it a try. The result of the attempt was invalid, so all the officials thought it was inappropriate. Sanmiao revolted many times in Jiang, Huai and Jingzhou. At this time, Shun came back from his patrol and reported to Emperor Yao, requesting that the * * * workers be exiled to Youling to change the customs of the Northern Emperor; Exile Gou Dou to Chongshan in order to change the vulgar customs; In order to change the customs of Xirong, Sanmiao was moved to Sanwei Mountain. Exile guns to Yushan in order to change the customs of Dongyi: punish these four sinners, and everyone in the world is convinced.

Yao got Shun in his 70 years in office, and he abdicated for 20 years because of his advanced age. He was asked to represent the emperor in government affairs and recommend him to heaven. Yao died after 28 years of abdication. People are sad and sad, just like their dead biological parents. Within three years, no one played music everywhere to mourn Emperor Yao. Yao knew that his son was not virtuous and did not deserve to be passed on to him, so he tried to give his son to Shun. If you give it to Shun, everyone in the world will benefit and only suffer; Pass it on to Dani, and everyone will suffer, only Dani will benefit. Yao said: "After all, I can't let everyone suffer, only one person gains", so I finally passed the world on to Shun. After Yao's death, after three years of mourning, Shun gave the throne to Danzhu and hid himself in the south bank of the South River. The princes who came to pilgrimage did not go to Danzhu but came to Shun, and those who went to court did not go to Danzhu but came to Shun. Those who praise merit, do not praise Dan Zhu and come smoothly. Shun said, "This is God's will", and then he went to Kyoto and ascended the throne of the son of heaven. This is Shun Di.

Yu Shun, whose name is Zhong Hua. Zhong Hua's father is Gu Sou, Gu Sou's father is Qiao Niu, Qiao Niu's father is Wang Ju, Wang Ju's father is Jing Kang and Jing Kang's father is Qiong Chan. Qiong Chan's father was Emperor Zhuan Xu, and Zhuan Xu's father was Changyi: there were seven generations from Changyi to Shun. From Qiong Chan to Shun Di, the middle generation has a low status, and they are all civilians.

Shun's father, Gu Sou, is blind. After the death of Shun's biological mother, she married another wife and gave birth to an elephant, which was very unruly. Gu Sou liked the son of his second wife and often wanted to kill Shun, but Shun escaped. If you make a little mistake, you will be severely punished. Shun humbly served his father, stepmother and stepbrother, and became more loyal and cautious day by day, without any slack.

Shun is from Jizhou. Shun tilled fields in Lishan, fished, made pottery on the banks of the Yellow River, made various household utensils in Shouqiu, and ran businesses in summer. Shun's father, Gu Sou, is ignorant, his mother is stubborn and his younger brother is unruly. They all want to kill Shun. Shun, on the other hand, obeyed, never violated the principle of being a son, loved his brother and was filial to his parents. When they tried to kill him, they couldn't find him; And when you need him, he is always there to wait on you.

At the age of twenty, Shun was famous for his filial piety. At the age of 30, Emperor Yao asked who could govern the world. Four mountains recommended Yu Shun, saying that this man could. Therefore, Yao married his two daughters to Shun, leaving him at home and his nine sons and him outside. Living on the bank of Guishui River, I am cautious in doing things at home. Because Yao's two daughters are of noble birth, they dare not treat Shun's relatives impudently, and they are very particular about being women. Yao's nine sons are also more sincere and loyal. Shun cultivates in Mount Li, and people in Mount Li can make way for each other; When Razer is fishing, Razer's people can give up a convenient fishing position; If you make pottery on the banks of the Yellow River, there will be no defective products at all. One year in the country, two years in a small town and three years in a big city. Seeing this, Yao gave Shun a set of excellent gingerbread clothes, a piano, a warehouse for him and cattle and sheep. Gu Sou still wanted to kill him, and told Shun to climb up the hill to repair the barn with mud, but Gu Sou set it on fire from below. Shun used two hats to protect himself, jumped down like wings, escaped and survived. Later, Shun was asked to dig a well. When Shun was digging a well, he cut a back channel leading to the outside on the side wall. Shun dug deep and went down with the elephant to bury the well. Shun went out from the next tunnel and ran away again. Xiang He was very happy and thought Shun was dead. The elephant said, "I came up with the idea first." Xiang shared Shun's property with his parents and said, "Shun married Yao's two daughters, and Yao gave him the piano, so I want both. Cattle and sheep barns are all parents'. " The elephant lives in Shun's house and plays Shun's piano. Shun went to see him after he came back. The elephant was very surprised, and then put on a sullen look and said, "I have been thinking about you, so kind and boring!" " "Shun said," Yes, you are really a brother! " "Shun still stay with parents, love brothers as before, more respectful. In this way, Cai Yao tried to get Shun to straighten out the five morals and participate in the affairs of officials, all of which were well done.

Once upon a time, the Levin family had eight brilliant descendants, and the world benefited from them, that is, eight kind people. Gao Xin's family has eight virtuous descendants, which the world calls "eight yuan", meaning eight kind people. The people of these sixteen families have maintained the virtues of their ancestors from generation to generation and have not lost the reputation of their ancestors. When Yao arrived, Yao didn't use them. Shun used the descendants of Bakai to take charge of the land office and handle all kinds of affairs, which was well organized. Shun also used the descendants of Eight Yuan to spread the Five Religions, making his father virtuous, his mother loving, his brothers loving, his brothers respecting, his son filial, his family harmonious and his neighborhood harmonious.

Once upon a time, there was an inferior descendant of Di Hong's family, who hid benevolence and righteousness, sheltered thieves and committed crimes. People all over the world call him Chaos. It means that he is barbaric and uncivilized. Shao Lian's son also has an inferior descendant who destroys faith, hates honesty and frankness, and likes bad words. The whole world calls him Qiong Qi, which means he is very eccentric. Zhuan Xu's offspring are incompetent. They can't be trained and don't know how to say good or bad. People all over the world call him awkward because he is fierce and stubborn. All three families are afraid of the world. When Yao arrived, he didn't get rid of them. Descendants of Jinyun, incompetent people, gluttonous for wealth. People all over the world call them gluttonous, which means he is insatiable. The whole world hates him, but when he is tied with the three murderers mentioned above, he is called the four murderers. When Shun received guests from all directions at the four gates, he exiled these four vicious families to remote places to resist evil spirits. From then on, the four doors opened and everyone said there were no wicked people.

Shun entered the mountain forest and didn't get lost in the storm. Yao knew that with Shun's talent, he could teach him to create the world. When Yao was old, he asked Shun to travel around the world instead of the emperor. Shun was promoted to be in charge for twenty years, and Yao asked him to represent the government affairs of the son of heaven. Yao died after working in the government for eight years. After three years of mourning, Shun gave way to Dani, but all the people in the world came to submit to Shun. Yu, Qi, Hou Ji, Boyi, Wei Xiao, Long, Qi, Yi, Peng Zu, etc. have all been appointed since the Yao era, but they have never been appointed. So Shun went to the temple, negotiated with April Temple, and opened four doors to understand the communication with the Quartet. He asked the twelve state pastors to discuss the merits and demerits of being proclaimed emperor. It is said that we should do things with great virtue, alienate flattering villains and make foreigners in the distance submit. Shun said to April, "Who can try to build a successful career and give him an official position to help me with my work?" Siyue said, "Apollo is a mediocrity, which can greatly promote the cause of Emperor Yao." Shun said, "Well, good! Jade, you are responsible for leveling the soil and water, and you must work hard! " Jade knelt down and kowtowed, and respectfully gave it to Ji, Qi and. Shun said, "OK, go!" Shun said, "If we abandon it, all the people of Li will be hungry. You are in charge of agriculture. Go and teach them to plant a hundred. " Shun said, "Qi, hundreds of officials don't date each other, and five virtues don't work smoothly. As a Si Tuleideng, you should prudently implement the five virtues education and do it well, because you should be generous. " Shun also said: "barbarians invaded the Central Plains, robbed and killed people, and caused chaos at home and abroad. As judicial personnel, five punishments should be used properly. According to the seriousness of the crime, the felony will be executed in Yuanye, the misdemeanor will be executed in Chengchao, and the crime committed by the same person will be sent to Canon History for handling; If the five punishments are commuted to exile, there must be provisions on the distance of exile, and according to the seriousness of the crime, they will be exiled to the four borders, Kyushu and the capital. Only fairness and strictness can convince people. " Shun asked, "Then who can manage my craftsmen?" Everyone says it's okay to hang it. So he was appointed as a worker, in charge of all kinds of craftsmen. Shun asked again, "Who can take care of the plants, animals and birds in the mountains?" Everyone says Yi Xing. So I appointed Yi to take charge of Yamazawa. Yi bowed to Zhu Hu and Xiong Yi. Shun said, "Go ahead, you can do it." Let Zhu Hu and Xiong Bi be his assistants. Shun said, "Hey, April, who can preside over three kinds of sacrifices for me?" Everyone says Boyi can. Shun said, "Boyi, I have made you the chief of the sacrificial ceremony. Sooner or later, you should be pious, upright, solemn and clean. " Boyi abdicated to Wei Xiao and Long, and Shun said, "Well, let Wei Xiao be an ancient musician, in charge of music, and educate aristocratic children. He is upright, generous and strict, upright and not tyrannical, simple and not arrogant; Poetry is to express inner feelings, and songs are sung with extended syllables. The level of music should match the content of the song, and the standard melody should be used to make the music harmonious. The sounds of the eight musical instruments are harmonious and do not interfere with each other. In this way, people can achieve harmony with God through music. " Kui said, "Well, I knock on the stone seriously, and all kinds of animals will dance with it." Shun said, "Dragon, I really hate framing others' bad words, ruining morality and disturbing people's behavior. I appointed you as a keyword officer, and I will convey my message sooner or later. You must be honest when reporting the situation. " Shun said, "Hey, you twenty-two people should do your respective duties and always help me to do a good job in governing the country. "Since then, every three years to assess the results, three times after the assessment, according to the results of promotion or demotion. So no matter far or near, all kinds of things have been revitalized. Divide and rule the three Miao tribes according to whether they surrender or not.

These 22 people have made great contributions: Hao Tao was appointed as Dali State, in charge of criminal law, and closed the case fairly. People admire his ability to judge according to facts; Boyi presided over the etiquette and was polite from top to bottom; Hang as an engineer, manage all kinds of workers, and all kinds of workers can do their jobs well; Yi Zuoyu, in charge of Yamazawa, has been developed; Abandoned as millet, in charge of agriculture, 100 grains with Jiwang; Qi Ren is Stuart, in charge of education, and all officials are friendly and harmonious; The dragon is responsible for receiving guests, and distant governors come to pay tribute; There is no one in Kyushu who does not obey Shun's request for herding in twelve counties. Among them, Yu made the greatest contribution, opening jiusan, governing nine lakes and nine rivers, dredging nine rivers and setting the boundary of Kyushu. All localities come to pay tribute according to their due tributes, and there is nothing inappropriate. The 5,000-mile territory was appeased to the border area farthest from the capital. At that time, the south appeased to the north, the west appeased to Rong, Zhi, Qu, Bian and Qiang, the north appeased to Shan Rong, Fa and Shen, and the east appeased to dragons, birds and yi, all over the world. * * * praised the achievements of Emperor Shun. So Yu created the music "Nine strokes" to praise Shun's merits and attract auspicious things, and the phoenix also danced with the music. Virtue and politics in the world all come from dangerous things, and the phoenix dances with the music. Virtue and politics, which are clearly defined in the world, began in the Yu Shun era.

At the age of 20, Shun was famous for his filial piety. He was promoted by Yao at the age of 30. Acting for the emperor at the age of 50. Yao died at the age of 58. At the age of 6 1, he succeeded Yao as emperor. In the thirty-ninth year of his reign, he made a southern tour and died in the hometown of Cangwu in the south. Buried in Jiuyi Mountain on the south bank of the Yangtze River, this is Lingling. After Shun acceded to the throne, he sat in the car with the emperor's flag inserted to pay his respects to his father, respectfully and following his son's filial piety. And sealed his brother with his nose like a vassal. Shun's son didn't succeed in business, so Shun recommended Yu to God in advance. Seventeen years later, Shun died. After three years of mourning, Yu gave the throne to Shun's son, just as Shun gave the throne to Yao's son. The vassal surrendered to Yu, and in this way, Yu ascended the throne of the son of heaven. Yao's son and Shun's son Shang got fiefs in Tang and Yu respectively to worship their ancestors. Yu also asked them to wear their own family clothes and use their own family rituals. They visited the emperor as guests, but the emperor didn't treat them as lieutenants to show that he didn't dare to monopolize the throne.

From the Yellow Emperor to Shun and Yu, they all have the same surname, but in order to show their bright virtues, they have established different country names. So the Yellow Emperor is a bear, Zhuan Xu Emperor is Levin, Di Ku is Gao Xin, Emperor Yao is Tang Tao, and Emperor Shun is dangerous. Qin Shihuang's name is, and the other name is Zeus. The deed of house is the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, whose surname is Zi Shi. Abandoned as the ancestor of Zhou, surnamed Ji.

Tai Shigong said: Many scholars have described the Five Emperors, and the era of the Five Emperors is far away. Shangshu only records the historical facts since Yao; However, the narrative of the Yellow Emperor is sketchy and not demonstrative, so it is difficult for scholars to make it clear. Some of Confucius's "Zai Yu Wen Wu Di De" and "The Name of the Royal Family" handed down from generation to generation are not learned by scholars. I have been to Kongtong in the west, Zhuolu in the north, the sea in the east, the Yangtze River and Huaishui in the south. Where I have been, the old-timers there often talk about the deeds of Huangdi, Yao and Shun they have heard respectively, and their customs and upbringing are different. Generally speaking, I think those statements that are consistent with the records of ancient books and records in China are close to the truth. I have studied Chunqiu and Guoyu, and their explanations of the virtues of the five emperors and the surnames of emperors are very clear, but people have never studied them in depth. In fact, their descriptions are not false. Shangshu has long been incomplete, but anecdotal records scattered in other books are common. If you are not diligent and thoughtful, and really understand their meanings in your mind, it will certainly be difficult to explain them to those who have only a little knowledge. I consulted and sorted out these materials and chose the most elegant words to write this chronicle as the first article in the book.