What is a wizard?

Legend has it that magic is a mysterious witchcraft passed down from ancient China; Once upon a time, in the southern rural area of China, there was a terrible scene, and the color changed. Scholars and bachelors make legends, and the Han people who write seem to feel related; Some medical scientists also believe it and write down some cures.

Pharmaceutical method: it is usually made at noon, using its high yang to make medicine, so that people get sick and die. It is also made of snakes, snakes and centipedes, and it will die at the touch.

There are eleven kinds of magic: snake magic, gold silkworm magic, slicing magic, stone magic, loach magic, exorcism magic, malnutrition magic, swelling magic, epilepsy magic, yin magic and raw snake magic.

The rest are special, as follows:

Epilepsy: Legend has it that most people are Zhuang people, who bury snakes in the soil and carry bacteria to harm people.

Malnutrition: Also called "release malnutrition" and "release bees". It is said that Cantonese in Guangdong are good at this. The method is: take centipede, snake, ant, cicada, earthworm, cockroach and hair at noon. And ground into powder, put it in front of a statue carved in a room or box, and sacrifice it for a long time, it will become poison.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: Soak bamboo leaves and herbs in water, and it becomes poisonous loach.

Stone magic: It consists of random stones and potions.

Smoking of bamboo chips: it is made by smoking bamboo chips.

Gold silkworm method: It is said that this method is not afraid of muskets and is the most difficult to eliminate; Moreover, gold silkworm law can also use gold and silver to marry others. The Lingnan Hygiene Prescription says: The way to do magic is to seal up a hundred bugs and let them eat by themselves. Over the years, if they are kept alone, they can be used as harmful magic. Gold silkworm's harm can make people poisoned, chest and abdomen stir pain, swollen like an urn, and bleed to death on the seventh day.

It is said that the method of bamboo strips is to put a bamboo strip, about four or five inches long, quietly on the road, and pedestrians cross it and jump on the legs of pedestrians, which makes people feel very painful. Over time, Mao jumped on his knees again, because his feet were as small as cranes' knees and he would die in four or five years.

Danger of stone method: put a stone on the road and mark it as a note, but don't tell anyone. When pedestrians cross the road, a stone jumps into a person's body or stomach, which is hard at first. After three or four months, he became more active, sang, became constipated and lost weight, and was able to fly into his hands and feet. In three to five years, he will die.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus harms people: Cook it and eat it with guests. It seems that there are three or five loaches moving in the stomach, sometimes rushing to the throat and sometimes walking down the anus. If you don't know the cure, you will die.

Harmful to the gods: after poisoning, the forehead burns, the mouth smells fishy, the spirit is dim, the temperament is impetuous, and the evil spirits are seen. If you commit a big crime, if you encounter an evil enemy, you will sometimes have suicidal thoughts.

Harm of malnutrition: put snake powder in meat, vegetables, wine and rice for people to eat. Others put them on the road and step into the human body. After entering the back, the powder sticks to the intestine, causing abdominal distension, screaming, pain, diarrhea, impulsiveness and other symptoms.

Danger of swelling: The old custom of Zhuang nationality calls it "swelling". After poisoning, the abdomen is big, the abdomen is ringing, and constipation is knotted. What's more, one ear is often plugged.

Harm of epilepsy: After taking germs to poison people, people's hearts will faint, faint, laugh and scold impermanence. Drugs can be toxic and angry when drinking, just like epilepsy.

Harm of yin snake method: the poisoned person dies within 30 days. At first, it was vomiting and diarrhea, then abdominal distension, loss of food, fishy smell in the mouth, fever on the forehead and redness on the face. Heavy face, ears, nose and abdomen have abnormal movements, turning over and making noises, causing constipation. Plus epilepsy drugs, there is no hope of cure.

Harm of raw snake method: the poisoning situation is similar to that of yin snake method, but there are some differences. It is swelling, two or three inches long, jumping, and stopping eating meat; If you enter the body, it will take shape, either a snake or a meat turtle. You will bite all over your body and your head hurts, especially at night. There are also foreign snakes biting into the pores with the wind, and it is really impossible to seek treatment from both inside and outside.

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Method of making poison

Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins made a pictographic "map" made of ancient poisons by taking pictures of things, that is, there were many kinds of poisonous insects in a "dish" container. Later generations created methods in a similar way. Combining ancient books with folk methods, there are several ways to make drugs.

1. Take all the poisonous insects out and seal them in a container, and let one of them eat the rest. Then, this living insect is called a method to extract toxins from it, such as Sui Shu? Geographical records say: "The method is to collect hundreds of insects on May 5th, the largest of which is a snake and the smallest is a louse, and put them in a container to make them vomit, while the rest are kept. Snakes are called snake-snake method, and lice are called lice method, so you can kill people. If you eat into a person's stomach, you will eat its five internal organs, and when you die, your products will move into your master's house. " In Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhen quoted Chen Zangqi of the Tang Dynasty as saying: "... put hundreds of bugs in an urn, and after opening it for several years, one bug will eat all the bugs, which is called ancient." Zheng Qiao's Tongzhi in the Song Dynasty also recorded: "The method of one trick is to put a hundred insects in a dish to make them eat each other, and the one who keeps it is a trick." Contemporary Yan Yong and Fang Jisheng also recorded: "There are several kinds of incantations contained in the scriptures, which were made by people in Guangzhongshan, such as insects and snakes, which were stored in vessels and listened to each other eat them. Those who have one thing alone are called disasters. " In the historical records after the Song Dynasty, this theory was used to record the methods of poisoning. For example, Lou Ying in Ming Dynasty said in the Outline of Medicine that "people in Guangdong and Guangxi Mountains use hundreds of kinds of insects, such as snakes, centipedes, dragonflies and frogs, to store them in the same container, so that they can eat themselves, and the winner is the spirit, taking their poison as fruits and vegetables." And the situation and decline of Zhuang women and livestock recorded in Chiyajuan? The legacy of Zhong You recorded in Lu Ciyun's Tunxi Fiber Records. Gold silkworm magic was particularly popular in the Song Dynasty. Song Cai said, "The poison of gold silkworm began in Shu, near Huguang, Fujian and Guangdong." (1) Hong's "Southern Yunnan New Language" also said: "gold silkworm is the most poisonous animal in Shu. It can take people's lives, take people's souls, convince people to steal money, and give them away when they are rich, which is called marrying gold silkworm." Legend has it that the gold silkworm method is shaped like a silkworm and glittering. People in the Tang Dynasty thought that gold silkworm's method was "bending like a ring, eating brocade and eating leaves like silkworms", so it was also called "eating brocade".

● Case 33 gold silkworm Method: 12 kinds of poisonous animals, such as snakes and centipedes, were buried at the crossroads, taken out after 49 days and stored in incense burners. This is the gold silkworm Act. It is said that this method is the most difficult to destroy when practicing, and it is not afraid of muskets. There is a legend in Longxi County, Fujian Province that gold silkworm is an invisible thing that can do things for people. For example, if you want to transplant rice seedlings, show it one first, and it will plant a whole mu of seedlings. It is diligent in sweeping the floor and keeps gold silkworm's house clean. As soon as I entered the house, I kicked my foot on the threshold. Looking back, the sand on the threshold suddenly disappeared, and I knew that this house was guarding the practice of gold silkworm. According to local legend, the golden silkworm method likes to eat people, and it will eat a person for several years. At the end of the year, the owner must settle accounts with it. If there are any extra ones, he must buy someone to feed them. Therefore, when settling accounts, the host will say, break 20 bowls, tell it, lose money without interest, and buy someone to feed it next year. However, the stories of Nanjing people are similar. They said it was a problem to raise gold silkworm, and the gold silkworm method was usually placed beside urinals or where no one was there. Don't let anyone know, otherwise it will be exposed and lead to fatal disaster. Gold silkworm can be deformed, sometimes shaped like a snake, or a frog, or a foot-tall child jumping around the house in a red trousers. People who raise gold silkworm seldom get sick, raising livestock is easy to grow up, there is no danger of death, and they can make a fortune. At the end of each year, the host will settle accounts with gold silkworm behind the door, saying that he broke a batch of bowls and spoons this year, which caused great losses. You said that if you made a profit this year, your family would gradually die, and the people who raised gold silkworm would not have a good result. This is called "eating the tail with gold". In this case, people will marry gold silkworm in time. The practice is to put silver, pollen and incense ashes (that is, gold silkworm method) in a bag of cloth at the intersection. People will naturally pick up silver eyes when they see them. If they take the wrong silver bag, gold silkworm Law Society will follow him (Hui Xicheng: China Folk Customs Grand View, Guangzhou: Guangdong Tourism Publishing House, 1989). ■

● Case 34 Method of making Zhuang snake: choose to catch mice, butterflies, lizards, scorpions, centipedes, poison bee (poisonous bacteria in mountain forests rot after rain and become giant bees, with black body and pointed mouth, 3 cm long), wasps (the kind that nests in trees), green snakes, white snakes, green snakes (also known as poisonous snakes with bamboo leaves), and blowing snakes (a kind with black spots and a triangular head). There are yellow and black spots on the body) and other poisonous animals (while Zhang Jiebin's "Pure Moon Encyclopedia" in the Ming Dynasty said that it is enough to take only three kinds of poisons: "People who spread to the deep mountains of Guangdong eventually took poisonous snakes, centipedes and frogs, also known as" picking raw materials "), and put them in casserole, letting them bite and swallow each other until the last living animal is left. The last remaining live animals are suffocated, dried, added with poisonous bacteria, Datura flower and their own hair, and ground into powder to make the medicine. If the last living animal is a snake, it is called snake method, and so on, including butterfly method, mouse method, bee method, scorpion method, centipede method, lizard method and so on. Store these powders in a big bowl and put them under the breeder's bedside at ordinary times. The breeder must also light a stick of incense at the bedside after the dead of night on the ninth day of every month in the lunar calendar, put it in a big bowl (or put it in a bamboo tube full of rice), then kowtow to the magic bowl, close your eyes slightly, and recite a spell: Tell you, Grandpa, kneel down and worship you, and you will be respectful from time to time. If yes, repeat it three times. This is the case every month, and there can be no mistakes to show sincerity. It's terrible to take it to harm people if it succeeds (according to the author's notes on field investigation in Wuming County and mashan county, Guangxi, the time is 1989 ~ 1992) ■

Case 35 Pumi people's methods of making magic: putting snakes, bees, butterflies, etc. Put them in an earthenware pot and let them bite each other. Finally, the rest are made into potions, including snake potions, bee potions and butterfly potions. If taken, it will cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and finally death (Song: witchcraft and witchcraft, Chengdu: Sichuan) ■

● Case 36: How to make it: Every year during the Dragon Boat Festival, the Yi people go to the wild to catch poisonous insects, put them in old clay pots, let these insects kill each other, and the last one is used for feeding. The keeper threw away the dead poisonous insect, put the raised things in a pottery vessel, covered the jar mouth with a red cloth with five colors, and fed it with the owner's spit every day. Over the years, it has become magic (social investigation report of Yi people in Yunnan and Fugong Yi people in Gongshan, Southwest University for Nationalities Library, 1986, printed version). ■

In some ethnic minorities and Han areas along the Jinsha River in Yunnan, there are also some legends about feeding methods:

● Case 37 The method of magic tricks along the Jinsha River in Yunnan: They are very devout in raising magic. It is said that the main hall should be cleaned before raising magic tricks, and everyone in the family should be vegetarian. Dig a big pit in the middle of the main hall after bowing down to ghosts and gods in front of the ancestral hall? Epilepsy? A big jar with a big mouth and a big belly goes down. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, we will catch 12 kinds of reptiles in the wild, generally poisonous snakes, eels, centipedes, frogs, lizards, earthworms, giant caterpillars, mantis ... But it should be noted that animals that can't fly are not needed, and animals that can run on all fours are not needed, as long as we catch some poisonous reptiles back on the Dragon Boat Festival, otherwise we can't keep them. After putting these 12 reptiles into the urn, all the people in the host family, big or small, will pray to the ghosts and gods once in the morning and evening, and never let outsiders know when praying. If outsiders know about it, the dharma they raised will be taken away by wizards with witchcraft and used by wizards, and the family that raised the dharma will die. Even if it is not taken away by wizards, it will immediately hurt its master after it becomes dharma. In a year, many poisonous insects devour each other in the urn. The poisonous ones ate less, the strong ones ate the weak ones, and finally there was only one left. After swallowing other poisonous insects, this poisonous insect has changed its shape and color. Legend has it that there are two main methods of raising here: one is the dragon method, which looks like a dragon and is made by long reptiles such as poisonous snakes and centipedes; One is the unicorn method, which looks like a unicorn, and is probably transformed from short-lived reptiles such as frogs and lizards (Hui Xicheng: China Folk Customs Grand View, Guangzhou: Guangdong Tourism Publishing House, 1989) ■

● Case 38 How to make Sichuan Yi venom: The method of making snake venom in Sichuan Yi legend is to hang Zaocys upside down on a tree, dust it with a thin stick and let it swing. The bottom is connected by nine ceramic bowls. Saliva, foam and blood flow into the bowls from Shekou, and the venom seeping into the ninth bowl is dried for later use. Put it in cold rice, cold water, cold tobacco rod or wine for others to eat. Once you eat the snake method, you will feel bloating after two days, and then you will feel dull pain (this shows that the small snake has taken shape). Two months later, you will have abdominal pain drama (this shows that many small snakes have grown up and make a living by biting and feeding. After half a year, they can grow to chopsticks thick and five or six inches long, and they can eat up people's liver). After eating eggs, the pain will be relieved (this shows that the snake is eating eggs instead of biting the intestines, so the pain will be relieved). The patient especially wants to eat green vegetables, can't eat, and vomits violently. After eating sour, cold, bean soup, fried noodles, chicken, female pork and mutton, abdominal pain, bloating and vomiting are more serious, and the human body is emaciated, yellow in complexion, poor in spirit, slow pulse, low body temperature, dry stool, diarrhea and bloody water are difficult to heal. Some people can die within six months, or they can wait more than one year. The method of leeches is to kill a chicken, cut it open in the place where leeches are the most, and leeches will automatically concentrate on the chicken (preferably flat, black and yellow), then dry the leeches and grind them into powder for later use, and put them in cold water, cold rice, cold tobacco stems and cold wine for human consumption. It is also said that blood, egg shells and human ear wax should be added to leeches. The idea is that leeches come from blood roots and black blood, which complement each other; Eggshell contains calcium acid, which can limit and slow down blood toxicity; Human ear wax mainly enhances toxicity. Once eaten by leech method, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, string, or blood stool and vomiting will occur within 7 days. After eating sour, cold, bean soup, chicken, female pork, mutton and fried noodles, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and vomiting will be worse, and the symptoms are the same as those of snake method. After thirty or forty days, people become thin, upset and thirsty. He can die after three or four years, and the course of disease can reach 10 years. The production method of cowhide is legendary: firstly, dry cowhide is soaked in water, after maggots are born, the maggots are dried and ground into powder for later use; The second is to cut off the skins of several spinning parts of cattle and bury them in the soil, and then take them out to dry and grind them into powder after rotting. Put it in cold food for people to eat. Vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and bleeding after eating cowhide. Severe cases can die within two months, and the course of disease can reach 10 years. ■

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Identification method after poisoning

Method is tangible or intangible, and poisoning is extremely easy, but we should pay great attention to the identification method. Identification method after poisoning: (1) Eat raw soybeans (black beans can also be eaten), and if it doesn't smell fishy in the mouth, it is poisoning. (2) Chewing licorice one inch with moxibustion and spitting out the throat juice is poisoning. (3) Insert the silver needle into the cooked duck egg, including the mouth, and take it out one hour later. If protein is black, it is poisoned.

The method of poisoning is very powerful and can make people sick and die. Although there is a cure, don't try it easily. It is said that the preventive measures are as follows: (1) All houses that are clean, dust-free and beadless are treasures of collectors, so don't associate with them. (2) Before drinking tea, drinking water, eating vegetables, eating rice, etc., anyone must knock on cups and bowls with chopsticks. It is poisoning, so he urgently needs to ask his master, "Is it poisonous when eating?" If you ask, you can avoid drugs. (3) Traveling with garlic, eat garlic first at every meal. You throw up at the first move. If you don't spit, you die. The host is afraid of being implicated, and of course he dare not play tricks. (4) Water chestnut, no matter how much, can be sliced and dried into powder, and the soup can be sent down every morning (subject to two yuan), which can also avoid injury. (5) It is particularly difficult to treat rice wine poisoning, so it is not advisable to drink alcohol when going out.

The most common detoxification method is to swallow realgar, garlic seeds and calamus with boiling water to detoxify. Gold silkworm, most afraid of being like a mouse, has a hedgehog with prickly hair like a boar arrow, so hedgehog is a specific medicine for treating gold silkworm's method. Others, such as centipedes and earthworms, can often be cured.

poison

The name of the disease.

① Generally refers to the symptoms such as fullness and lump accumulation caused by insect venom accumulation and stagnation of collaterals. Chishui Insect Valley: "Valley is the first of the three insects." "There is something on the witness, which is hot and humid over time." "Syndrome Treatment and Supplement" Volume 6: "Long-term fullness, qi and blood can not be discharged, commonly known as valley." See the bugs.

② Fever, abdominal pain and turbid drowning. "On Collection of Collected Works of Yu Su": "Abdominal heat and pain, which is white, is called the valley."

(3) refers to excessive sexual intercourse. See Zuo Zhao Zhuan A.D.: "The marquis of Jin sought medical treatment in Qin, and Qin Bo sought medical treatment, so I looked forward to it. He said that this disease can't be done, and it is called the near method. " "What is the method? Yes, it is also born of obscenity, drowning and confusion. In the Book of Changes, women confuse men and the wind sets. "

(4) Poison made from poisonous insects in ancient times. "On Virus Diseases": "Take more insects and snakes, store them in utensils, and let them feed themselves. Only one thing is lonely, that is, it is called a trick, it will become chaotic, and it will be a disaster for people. "