The Original Text and Appreciation of Yan Fang (Ⅲ) Bai Juyi

I'll give you a solution to the problem. This method does not need tortoise shells, and yarrow can bring wealth and luck.

It takes three days to test the authenticity of jade, and it will take seven years to distinguish wood.

In the days of the Duke of Zhou, he was afraid of gossip and paid homage to the throne before Wang Mang usurped the throne.

If this man died from the beginning, who would know the truth of his life?

Bai Juyi's Yan Fang is a group of political lyric poems full of philosophy, with five poems altogether. Orderly before the poem: "Yuan Jiu (that is, Yuan Zhen) has five long-sentence poems of Yan Fang in Jiangling, with high rhyme and ancient meaning. ..... I gave it to Zuo Xunyang, but I didn't take office. I am free on the boat, singing on the river alone. Because I composed five compositions, I continued my meaning. " According to this, it can be seen that this was written by the poet Xian Zongyuan when he was relegated to Jiangzhou in the tenth year (8 15). The title of the poem "Speak freely" means to speak freely without scruple.

This poem tells a profound truth. It takes time to fully understand people and things. The poet also said with twists and turns that he and his friend Yuan Zhen are "materials" and "jade", which can stand the test of time and firmly believe that grievances will be rehabilitated. At the same time, it also includes encouraging friends to wait for the failure of "jade test" and "material discrimination", and they will clarify the facts and distinguish right from wrong.

The first couplet put forward the method to solve the puzzle. Poetry is not a direct statement, but a warning. "Giving the monarch legal doubts" shows the poet's self-confidence and emphasizes the preciousness of this method, so it has the power to seize people's hearts. When readers are eager to know why this method is used, the poet boldly stated that "there is no need to drill turtles, wish you well", which aroused people's enthusiasm for pursuing wonderful methods. Drilling turtles, divining with tortoise shells in ancient times; Good luck. In ancient times, you used the stems of yarrow to indicate bad luck. The purpose of this writing is to strengthen the questioning methods proposed below.

Parallel prose puts forward the method of doubt in a positive way. The poet notes from the poem: "True jade is not hot for three days" and "yu zhang was born seven years later", which shows that what the poet wrote is based on life and is based on experience. Both methods emphasize the meanings of "time", "need" and "need", and put forward the necessity of this condition.

Abdominal joint and caudal joint are closely combined, and the correctness of the above method is proved by negative historical facts. When Zhou Gongdan became king, some people suspected that he had the ambition to usurp power, but history proved that he was sincere and never cheated. Wang Mang, who pretended to be humble at first, once puzzled some people. According to the legend in Hanshu, the higher the title, the more modest the moral integrity. But later, he usurped Han's independence and exposed the true face of a political liar. After describing the events of Duke Zhou and Wang Mang, the temple returned to the center of time and said, "The envoy is dead. Who knows the truth about his life?" . This strengthens the author's view that people and things should stand the test of time.

This poem is like an essay, with clear arguments, sufficient arguments, positive and negative sides, things and people, rigorous argumentation and reasonable reasoning. At the same time, it is also very artistic, which can also be called "high rhyme and rhythm, old meaning and new words". The poet uses "jade" and "material" to describe the positive image. Taking people as an example, he put the positive image of Duke Zhou and the negative image of Wang Mang together. The whole poem revolves around "time", which makes the poem euphemistic, easy to escape, changeable, reasonable and interesting to read.