Baoren An Shu Senior Two Chinese Teaching Plan

1. Understand the background of this article and Sima Qian's experience.

2. Understand the true thoughts of this article, and know Sima Qian's outlook on life, values and its significance.

3. Learn the expression method of combining narrative, reasoning and lyricism.

4. Master more notional words, function words and sentence patterns, enhance the sense of language and improve the reading ability of classical Chinese.

Teaching emphases and difficulties

1. Understand the true thoughts of this article and know Sima Qian's outlook on life, values and its significance.

2. Master more notional words, function words and sentence patterns, enhance the sense of language and improve the reading ability of classical Chinese.

Teaching assumption

The words and sentences in the text are difficult, and it is difficult for students to understand the meaning of sentences. Teachers need to give more guidance in this regard.

Three teaching hours.

Teaching process and content

first kind

I. Background introduction

Roll call students to learn tips 1 and 2. Before reading the text, understand the author's writing background and grasp the theme and writing characteristics of the article.

Second, grasp the full text

There is no excerpt from the full text * * * is divided into six paragraphs:

The first paragraph: explain to Ren An the reasons for not replying in time.

The second paragraph: Explain to Ren An why he can't "recommend sages as scholars" in front of Emperor Wu.

The third paragraph: Describe the process of being imprisoned because of the Liling incident.

The fourth paragraph: write that you are humiliated and punished.

The fifth paragraph: write about my feelings of sorting out Historical Records.

The sixth paragraph: express your feelings from the painful experience.

The last three paragraphs are taken from the text.

Third, text analysis.

Learn the first paragraph

1, read the first paragraph in teacher mode.

Step 2 pronounce

Grab the land (qiāng), be punished (zhū) and expose the skin (pù).

Whip (chuí) wall (yuán) bu (b incarnation) prison (w incarnation)

Jane and Lai (Lai)

3. Key words and expressions

(1) If you avoid it, you will die. (2) Can't compare with the dead. (3) Secondly, you should not insult color. (4) And the dirt that should not be left in the trap on the windowsill. (6) This person has a sense of stagnation. He hates selfishness. (8) he is humble and unworldly, and his literary talent is far behind.

4, train of thought analysis:

This passage focuses on Sima Qian's view of life and death after being punished.

(1) The author first describes his humble status. My ancestors were just small officials in charge of some records of literature, history and ephemeris, and "the Lord teased and advocated superior livestock" has always been looked down upon. It is even less important to inherit my father's career now.

(2) Then write the result of low policy status: If I am punished, it will be like a hair falling from nine cows; As small as an ant, my death is insignificant. Life is like an earthworm and dirt. What is the value of life?

(3) The second question is the value of human life: "People are inherently mortal, or they are heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather, and their uses are different." Note that this is the core of the author's argument. You have to choose which is more important in life!

Then put forward the attitude of scholars towards humiliation and life and death: on the one hand, scholars lead an honest and clean life, not bring disgrace to oneself; On the one hand, when humiliation is imposed on one's body, one decides to commit suicide in order to keep his pure reputation through death. However, the author changed his pen and listed a large number of cases of humiliation of princes and generals in ancient times, such as Zhou Wenwang, Li Qi, Han Xin, Peng Yue, Zhang Ao, Zhou Bo, Dou Ying, Lu Bu and Guan Fu. This shows that both princes and princes and trivial obligees may be humiliated, and it is not surprising that "humiliation" is a common occurrence in life. So, if you treat humiliation, you must die, so as to maintain a noble and pure reputation? Don't! The author continues to explore from this angle.

(4) The author's understanding is that when people are humiliated, they don't have to die for the so-called "righteousness" of noble reputation; He can die for a noble cause, but he can also bear the burden of humiliation.

Finally, I show my attitude: "I" know the meaning of chastity and dare to die for it, but now I am so humiliated to complete my unfinished business and realize my greatest ideal. This is the true value of life.

Second lesson

Learn the second paragraph

1, read the second paragraph by the teacher.

Read the second paragraph together.

Step 3 Pronunciation

Proud (yùn) charming (tět∥ng)

4. Words and phrases

① Check its history of success or failure (check: textual research: discipline: law and discipline) ② Catch the old news in the world.

(3) It is a capital punishment without a master (4) but a charming person (5) is blind and "speaks Mandarin".

5, thinking analysis

The completion of Historical Records has realized the greatest value of my life.

(1) The author further lists extraordinary and special talents such as Wen Wang, Confucius, Qu Yuan, Zai Qiu-ming, Sun Bin, Lv Buwei and Han Fei, who can bear the burden of humiliation and complete the achievements of immortal works handed down from generation to generation, indicating that they embody the greatest value of life.

(2) The author says that he is a sage in learning. At that time, Historical Records had not been completed, so he suffered this disaster. He regretted that the whole book was not finished. Therefore, he was tortured undemocratic, but he was patient when he was laughed at. Finally completed the historical records and paid off the humiliating debt.

5. Read and recite this paragraph.

The third category

Learn the third paragraph

1, students read the paragraphs together.

2. Key words and expressions

(1) and negative and hard to live, dirty and slanderous. (2) Although it takes a hundred years, it is filthy! (3) being laughed at by hard villages and towns. As a boudoir minister, I would rather lead myself to a deep cave.

⑤ The intestine goes back nine times a day, but if there is nothing at home, I don't know where to go when I go out. Every time I think about my shame, I sweat profusely.

Read this article again and feel the author's emotion.

3. Thinking analysis

The author learned from a painful experience and expressed even more unbearable pain. "If you live in the intestine nine times a day, you will die suddenly. If you leave, you will not know where you are going. Every time I think about my shame, I sweat! " It can be seen that it is more painful to live in misery than to die. Sima Qian dared to choose this road, how much courage he needed to pay!

At the end of the article, the author stated his idea that he could not "recommend sages as scholars" for the emperor.

Second, summarize the full text.

Summarizing the thoughts in the above three paragraphs, we can see that Sima Qian, like many noble scholars, can correctly treat humiliation. He can stand on the height of life value, dare to face up to reality, endure immediate humiliation with extraordinary patience, and complete the masterpiece Historical Records with superhuman perseverance, leaving valuable spiritual wealth for future generations. It shows his lofty life ideal, correct outlook on life and values. At the same time, the author also complained about the injustice of that society and the darkness of imperial power.

Third, the analysis of writing skills

Q: How to understand the expression combining narrative, reasoning and lyricism, which is "reasonable and affectionate"?

[Analysis] 1, "Reason": The narrative is clear, closely related and deep.

The basic path of the author's argument is: ① humiliation-leading to judgment (the attitude that scholars should hold); (2) Bear the burden of humiliation-accomplish the great cause (noble scholars, such as King Wen, Confucius, Qu Yuan, Zuo Qiuming, etc. ); (3) "I" (Sima Qian) was humiliated-a pre-school sage chose to forbear-in order to complete the masterpiece Historical Records.

Thus, arraignment is by no means the only way to deal with humiliation. It should be understood from the deep meaning of life value and "righteousness". On the one hand, the author said that he should learn from his predecessors and have the spirit of bearing the burden of humiliation; On the one hand, if you die of humiliation, you can't finish the task of writing historical records. If a person dies in a coward's nest and does nothing, he loses the value of life and is "as light as a feather". This truth is clearly understood, closely linked and explained in simple terms. Of course, this is not to say that people should not die for righteousness, but to understand the meaning of righteousness in the long run.

2. "Emotion": Emotion is ups and downs, unrestrained and tortuous.

The full text is full of emotion, sometimes bold and unrestrained, full of lofty sentiments; Sometimes I am so sad that I cry. In the first paragraph, when I wrote about the pain of humiliation, I said that I died at the hands of the law. "If nine cows die, why are they different from ants!" This expressed his indignation at social injustice; When I wrote that I chose to endure insults, I said, "Although I am timid and want to live, I know the difference between going and not going. Why should I indulge in humiliation? " Here he showed the pain of humiliation, sadness and depression, beyond words. In the second paragraph, he wrote that in order to complete the great masterpiece Historical Records, he was "executed without being sad" and "how can he regret being slaughtered!" It also shows his heroic and tragic feelings. In the third paragraph, I recalled the pain of being humiliated again. "Because the intestines are nine times a day, living there will suddenly die, but if you leave, you don't know where to go. Every time I think about my shame, I sweat! " I seem to see his sad and tearful expression.

It can be seen from this that the author's emotional expression is very smooth and natural, and the emotion of the article is tragic and painful. This is just like later generations commenting on this article, saying that it "flows like a mountain and turns nature into fullness" (Fang Qing Bao).

Fourth, homework

1, recite the second paragraph

2. Complete the full text translation.