The customs of Jiuzhaigou county

The Jialing River and the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, including Jiuzhaigou, and the land known as Bianqiang, have recorded human activities in Jiuzhaigou, Yinshan Mountain, which has long settled in Tibet. The ancestors of Tibetans in Jiuzhaigou are the Eluo tribe living in Maqu, Gansu Province, which originally belonged to Qiang Mi Medicine Branch in Dangxiang, and was later surrendered by Tubo. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Tubo marched eastward, and Songzan Gambu took it as a pioneer and occupied Songzhou (Songpan) and stayed there ever since. Among them, the Oro Department living by the White River is allied with the Baima Department, and its descendants are Tibetans from nine stockades in Jiuzhaigou.

Jiuzhaigou is geographically located at the intersection of Tibetan, Han, Qiang, Hui and other multi-ethnic cultures. The Tibetan culture in Jiuzhaigou also bears the imprint of its influence on ethnic integration of language. Obviously different from the residents of Tibetan areas in the west, on the basis of the layout of Tibetan villages and houses, Chinese-style treatment methods such as curtain, hanging flower column, column corner flower, upturned room corner and round hole door are widely used. The Folk Custom of Blessing in Jiuzhaigou —— Inviting Mountain Gods

Inviting mountain gods is a highlight of Jiuzhaigou folk culture. This activity can be held during the day or at night. The main musical instrument of the mountain god is a sturdy cross-shaped Mu Cha. The villagers in the whole village will form a circle after the activity of inviting mountain gods, laughing and laughing all night. In this traditional folk culture, circles represent reunion.

Jiuzhaigou folk culture-holy water for welcoming the new year

Jiuzhaigou Tibetans have the traditional custom of Haizi carrying water on Tibetan New Year's Eve. At the first cock crow in each stockade, people in the stockade will rush to the water source. After burning incense and splashing water, they will carry back the earliest holy water for the whole family to drink.

Jiuzhaigou Folk Religious Prayer-Mulberry Smoke

Braised mulberry is the most common religious prayer custom of Tibetan people, which has been followed for more than 3000 years. Mulberry smoke, also known as incense, is often used to make a wish, meaning to let the gods testify. Folk mulberry cigarettes are more about praying for themselves, their families and their friends. The most popular dance in Jiuzhaigou is Guozhuang. According to Tibetan history books, as early as the third century BC, song and dance were very popular all over Tibet. The first dance of Tibetans is to dance in circles around the bonfire.

Hu village is usually divided into temple Hu village, pastoral Hu village and agricultural Hu village. Pots and pans in temples usually dance during religious festivals in temples or when welcoming living buddhas. This kind of pots and pans is solemn and full of religious flavor, and is dedicated to the living Buddha by believers in order to be happy in the next life. Pot village in pastoral area and pot village in agricultural area are enthusiastic and unrestrained. On holidays, men wear loose pants, women take off their right arms and throw their sleeves behind their backs. They gave up their hands and kicked in circles until they stayed up all night. Tibetan opera is another form of square singing and dancing in Tibetan culture, which is characterized by actors wearing masks. According to legend, it was created by Tang Dongjiebu, a famous monk in the15th century. When Tang Dongjie Buyun traveled to Tibet, he deeply felt the inconvenience caused by river blocking and vowed to build iron cable bridges on every river. He met seven brothers and sisters who are good at singing and dancing in Tibet, and interpreted historical and religious stories in the form of singing and dancing to persuade people to do good and accumulate virtue. Tibetan monks praised his just behavior. They have money to pay, make great efforts, and make iron out of iron. Fellow initiates built an iron cable bridge. When the Tiesuo Bridge was completed, Tibetan opera was sung.

The masks of Tibetan opera are quite special, and different colors have different representative meanings. For example, blue and black masks represent working people, red masks represent kings, green masks represent princesses, yellow masks represent living buddhas and immortals, and half black and half white masks represent informers and witches. In Tibetan opera, actors can't play animals on the stage, so there are many animal masks in Tibetan opera. These animals are all dressed in the colors of gods, showing a totem worship of Tibetans. Jiuzhaigou people pay great attention to headdress, chest ornaments, hand ornaments, waist piercing and shoes on their feet. On grand festivals, they wear beads on their heads, silver coins in their braids and big rings in their ears. Both men and women like to wear necklaces around their necks, bracelets and rings on their wrists and fingers. All kinds of metal coins and precious stones are hung on women's backs, and waist knives, hookahs, necklaces, silver rings and other decorations are often hung on men's waists.

Tibetan men wear many hats, among which tweed hats are more common. In the middle of last century, the western top hat spread to Tibetan areas, and it was soon accepted by Tibetans. The shoes worn by Tibetans are all like the boots worn by folk military commanders in costume dramas on the stage. 1, Tibetans absolutely forbid to eat donkey meat, horse meat and dog meat, and some areas do not eat fish;

2. In more formal toasting occasions, guests must first dip a little wine in the air with their ring fingers, three times in a row, to show their worship for heaven, earth and ancestors, and then take a sip, and the host will fill it in time, take another sip and then fill it up, and even drink three mouthfuls. When filling it for the fourth time, it must be gulped down;

3. When drinking butter tea, the host pours the tea, and the host holds it in front of him before the guests can take it.

4. When encountering religious facilities such as monasteries, mani piles and pagodas, you must detour from left to right;

5. Don't cross utensils and braziers;

6. Tibetans are afraid that others will touch their heads;

7. Not stepping on the threshold means bad luck.