Tongmuzhai fortune telling

Which province and city is Huayuan County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province?

Venue: Huayuan County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province

Huayuan county, a bright pearl in Wuling mountain area, is located at the junction of Hunan, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces, with a total area of 1 100 square kilometers and a total population of 260,000. It is a mountainous area where ethnic minorities mainly live.

Chenyang County was named Yongsui County in ancient times, and was renamed Huayuan County in 1953, belonging to Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province. The terrain inclines from south to north, forming alpine platforms, hilly areas and rivers. The average altitude is 500 meters, the highest is Lianhua Mountain 1 159 meters, and the lowest is Lion Bridge 2 12 meters. The climate here has four distinct seasons, with annual average temperature 16 degrees Celsius, annual average rainfall 14 18 mm, annual average sunshine 1324 hours and frost-free period of 269 days. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, its long history, beautiful natural scenery, rich mineral resources, prosperous rural scenery, splendid local culture, numerous places of interest and unique customs, such as blooming flowers and twinkling stars, have been displayed in front of people.

Huayuan county has rich and colorful tourist scenery with its majestic mountains and gullies. In Shen Congwen's novels, the border town-tea cave, with hanging stilts, the clear Qingshui River passes through the city, just like a beautiful painting; The stone railings of row houses are rugged, with strange workmanship and different shapes, which are very spectacular; The winding and quiet ancient temple river flows through the winding mountain, and the pine and cypress are reflected in the water, like a flowing poem; The sharp rocks in Malichang, such as Nantianzhu, pierced the sky, and Xiaolongdong Waterfall and Dalongdong Waterfall plummeted from the cliff, as if the Milky Way in the sky had fallen for nine days.

Huayuan county's vibrant and thriving industry is the leading factor of the county's economic development. Rich minerals buried underground are being developed and utilized. The proven mineral resources in this county are manganese, lead and zinc, vanadium, phosphorus, talc, stone coal and so on. Among them, the reserves of manganese ore reach 23 million tons, ranking first in the province and second in the country, and it is known as the "Oriental Manganese Capital". Lead-zinc mine reserves11million tons, ranking first in the province. In 2005, the county's GDP will exceed 654.38+348 billion yuan, an increase of 6543.8+0.2% over the previous year and more than double the 596 million yuan in 2000. The tertiary industry structure has been adjusted from 38. 1: 36.2: 25.7 in 2000 to19.8: 60.1:20.1; The per capita GDP was 4,962 yuan, an increase of 27.5% over the previous year and more than doubled from 2,278 yuan in 2000. The total industrial output value was 2.5 billion yuan, an increase of 24% over the previous year, more than three times that of 865.438+0.4 billion yuan in 2000; Foreign exchange earned by export was 42.8 million US dollars, nearly double the 23 million US dollars in 2000. The total revenue of fiscal and taxation was 320 million yuan, up by 99.58% over the previous year and more than five times that of 665,438+600,000 yuan in 2000. The balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents is 1 1 billion yuan, an increase of 5 1% compared with the beginning of the year, and an increase of nearly two times compared with 283 million yuan in 2000; The annual per capita wage of employees on the job is 1 1470 yuan, which is 4,430 yuan higher than 7,040 yuan in 2000. The annual per capita net income of farmers is 1606 yuan, an increase of 150 yuan over the previous year, and an increase of 490 yuan over16 yuan in 2000. The total industrial output value has accounted for more than 80% of the county's total income.

Agriculture in Huayuan County has developed rapidly and prospered. The county's cultivated land area is1660,000 mu, and rice, corn and other food crops are planted in Pingchuan at the foot of the mountain; Cash crops such as peanuts, peppers, tobacco and kiwifruit are planted on the hillside. There are also pig, cattle, sheep, ducks and other aquaculture industries are also very developed. Through industrial adjustment and mountain development, the Miao people not only solved the problem of food and clothing, but also began to embark on the road of prosperity.

Huayuan county's transportation, electric power, communication, broadcasting, education and other undertakings are booming and in the ascendant. There are 0/8 townships and 320 villages in the county/KLOC-and roads, lights, telephones, radio and television, and schools are connected to every village. It has completely changed the closed poverty of Miao Caotang in the past, such as shouldering heavy burdens, lighting lamps with pine oil, going out to climb mountains, backward culture and isolation.

Huayuan County was awarded the "Hometown of Culture" by the Ministry of Culture. The strong Miao customs are even more intoxicating. In ancient times, Miao people had festivals every month, especially the "April 8" song meeting and the "July 8" autumn meeting. On holidays, Miao compatriots from all over the world gather together, singing and dancing, singing with each other, beating gongs and drums, dancing dragons and lions, offering sacrifices to ancestors and cows, and performing fascinating folk customs such as climbing ladders, stepping on plowshares and touching oil pans, which is simply refreshing and unforgettable. There are also ancient myths, stories and legends of the Miao nationality, which are as vast as a sea of smoke and intoxicating as old corn wine.

physical geography

Huayuan County is located in the northwest of Hunan Province, bordering Songtao Miao Autonomous County of Guizhou Province and Xiushan County of Chongqing City in the west and northwest respectively. The terrain inclines from south to north, forming alpine platforms, hilly areas and rivers. The average altitude is 500 meters, the highest is Lianhua Mountain 1 159 meters, and the lowest is Lion Bridge 2 12 meters.

The mountains in Huayuan County are majestic, and the highest Lotus Mountain is 1 159 meters above sea level. The territory is dominated by mountainous landforms, with undulating mountains, criss-crossing rivers and magnificent mountains and rivers.

Huayuan has four distinct seasons, with annual average temperature 16 degrees Celsius, annual average rainfall 14 18 mm, annual average sunshine 1324 hours and frost-free period of 269 days.

Huayuan is rich in resources, and there are more than 20 kinds of proven minerals, among which manganese ore and lead-zinc ore rank second and third respectively in the country, and it has the reputation of "Oriental Manganese Capital" and "Hometown of Nonferrous Metals". Rich in hydropower resources and fertile land, the specialty of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry has a long-standing reputation, and it is a thick soil with great development potential.

Agriculture in Huayuan County has developed rapidly and prospered. The county's cultivated land area is1660,000 mu, and rice, corn and other food crops are planted in Pingchuan at the foot of the mountain; Cash crops such as peanuts, peppers, tobacco and kiwifruit are planted on the hillside. There are also pig, cattle, sheep, ducks and other aquaculture industries are also very developed.

The development of history

1952 was renamed Huayuan County from Yongsui County, which was named after its jurisdiction. Huayuan, originally the garden of Peng Yan's banquet in Baojing Xuanwei in Ming Dynasty, was later built as a city wall, so it was named after its long-term habit of calling Huayuan.

Huayuan County was founded in the third year of Qing Jiaqing (1798), and the radiation planning control area of the county is 38 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 14.5 square kilometers.

Local customs and practices

Miao people have many taboos, mainly as follows:

Don't step on a cast iron tripod in Camus' fire pit, it is used for cooking. It is said that the tripod was made by three fire-protecting ancestors, and no one can step on it, otherwise it would be disrespectful to the ancestors.

Don't sit above the fire pit near the pillar on the right side of the fire pit. Miao people call it "rammed height" with ancestral shrines. It is forbidden for young people and children to sit here, let alone fight, fetch water and swear in this place, otherwise it will insult Nianzu and God will be angry with people.

Avoid shaking the "Longyan" Miaojia Guild Hall. There is a rock slab in the center, and there is a "dragon cave" under the rock slab, which is the most taboo. It is said that shaking the "dragon cave" will scare the dragon away and the owner will suffer.

Don't wear a white handkerchief when your parents are alive. Wearing a white handkerchief is a sign of mourning.

Don't blow firewood on New Year's Eve. It is said that the firewood blowing conference blew away a new wealth, which made it poor.

Other taboos are the same as those of Han nationality in this county.

Before liberation, the Miao people in Huayuan were generally monogamous, and some rich people were polygamous. Marriage between men and women is mainly matchmaking. Miao youth contact and love each other through labor, assembly, rushing to the scene and visiting relatives. After many dates, confirm the relationship, sing love songs and give gifts to each other, and then get married freely.

Engagement, usually the man's family takes the initiative to find the woman's relatives. When a man sees a girl or a man and a woman in love, he must prepare a gift and let the matchmaker go to the woman's house to "talk". If the woman's family is happy and enthusiastic, the matchmaker will report to the man's family and formally propose to the camera. The more times the matchmaker goes back and forth, the better, commonly known as "the more the more expensive." The bride's family discussed and agreed, and the marriage was finalized. By setting off firecrackers and eating wine, she was officially engaged. After the engagement, the man should choose a date to give the woman a gift, usually one year before the wedding. Gifts include bazin, wine, meat, rice, sugar and so on. The amount of gift money depends on the economic conditions of both parties, mainly to let the woman invite relatives and friends at home to have a wedding banquet and recognize new relatives. Subsequently, it was convenient for the man to "ask for a high salary" from the woman and take the woman's birthday, so as to invite Mr. Yin and Yang to choose auspicious dates and designate relatives. The night before the wedding, the man arrested a brother as the "master" and took the team carrying the sedan chair and dowry to the woman's house to celebrate the wedding.

In the past, the bride had to live apart from her family. On the wedding day, the bride's sisters like to play jokes. They mix bamboo shoots, shells, hair or pepper water with pot ashes and smear them on Guan's face, which makes people laugh. Usually late at night or early the next morning. After the bride trimmed her eyebrows, she cried and worshipped her parents, and her brother got on the sedan chair. The bride is accompanied by relatives and girlfriends when she gets married. In particular, women with full children are invited to be "mothers", and male and female singers are also invited to Sina's house to compete for songs. After marriage, Guan played lanterns to lead the way and went to the man's house. At the same time, all the guests who go to the woman's house for a wedding reception go to the man's house to eat "tap wine", which is called the "guest of honor", and other individual guests in the man's house are called "deputy guests". When the bride is connected to the door of the man's house, the man's house will burn a fire to symbolize auspiciousness and wealth, and then the bride will enter the house according to the selected auspicious moment. When entering the house, the man's family should hide in high places, which means that the bride will not suppress the whole family in the future. When the bride enters the room, she will take the cooker given by the man's middle-aged woman to show that she will become the family director from now on. Then, sit on the stool with "Fu Paper" on the right side of the fireplace until all night. In the afternoon, all the guests came to congratulate him, and the man gave a banquet in honor of the "guests". In the evening, the bride and groom invited "Bajiangsha" (Miao language, meaning singer) to sing a duet, and the guests enjoyed it. The next morning, a drinking ceremony was held. An old man congratulated the host and guest and raised a glass to congratulate the couple on their love and harmony and all the best. They also sang songs to celebrate, told the old saying of getting married and gave gifts to each other. During the wedding, relatives of the man invite guests to dinner in partnership, commonly known as "family banquet". So the wedding date is two days. Before the guests leave, the bride and groom can only meet and can't stay together. After the individual, the newlyweds entered a normal life.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the old marriage customs were gradually abolished, and a new wedding was held, which was no different from the Han wedding.

General situation of economy

In the first half of 2004, Huayuan economy inherited the previous high-speed growth inertia and continued to maintain the high-speed growth momentum. The economic operation shows a good trend of total expansion, accelerated speed and improved efficiency. According to preliminary calculations, the county's GDP in the first half of the year was 480.95 million yuan, up by 19.2%, up by 6.3 percentage points over the same period of last year, ranking first in the country and higher than the national average of 10.7 percentage points. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 79 1 1 ten thousand yuan, an increase of1.7%; The added value of the secondary industry was 283.95 million yuan, an increase of 36.3%; The added value of the tertiary industry was117.89 million yuan, an increase of 8.0%.

Basic characteristics of economic operation

1, the rural economy developed steadily. In the first half of 2004, the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services reached 79 1 10000 yuan, an increase of 1.7%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points over the first quarter. In addition to the slaughter of pigs, animal husbandry and aquaculture maintained steady growth. In the first half of the year, the county slaughtered 64,700 pigs, down 2.6%; 5,000 cattle were slaughtered, an increase of 25%; Poultry release192,000, up1.1%year-on-year; Aquatic products were 87 1 ton, up by 7%.

The rapid growth of industrial production has become the main driving force of economic growth. In the first half of the year, the county achieved an industrial added value of 2673 1 10,000 yuan, an increase of 37. 1%. The contribution rate of industry to economic growth is 79.4%, which promotes economic growth 15.2 percentage points. Among them, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 238.8 million yuan, an increase of 44.5%, and the contribution rate of industrial enterprises above designated size to economic growth was 76.4%, driving economic growth 14.7 percentage points. The rapid growth of industrial production above designated size injected vitality into the whole economic development.

The main characteristics of industrial production are as follows: First, all kinds of economic types grew in an all-round way. From June to June, among the industries above designated size, the added value of state-owned industries was10.079 million yuan, an increase of 45.7%, and that of joint-stock industries was1380/kloc-0.00 million yuan, an increase of 43.6%. Second, the backbone plays an outstanding role. 1-In June, the added value of pillar industries mainly smelting manganese and zinc products was 1906 10000 yuan, accounting for 79.8% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size. Third, production and marketing are well connected. In the first half of the year, the sales rate of industrial products was 99%, an increase of 65,438 0.5 percentage points over the same period last year. Fourth, the export of industrial products increased. From June to June, export delivery value reached 202.83 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6. 1%. Fourth, the output of main products kept growing, with electrolytic manganese 3 1904 tons, an increase of13.0%; 9279 tons of Si-Mn alloy, an increase of 59.3%; 47,000 tons of sulfuric acid, an increase of 57.9%; Electrolytic zinc was 33,749 tons, an increase of 55. 1%. Fifth, the efficiency of enterprises has been further improved. By the end of May, among the industrial enterprises above designated size independently accounted by the county, the loss of loss-making enterprises was12.95 million yuan, down 5.2% year-on-year. After breakeven, the profit was 3.89 million yuan, the loss was reduced by 6.5438+0272 million yuan, and the total profit and tax was 39.84 million yuan, up by 654.38+003.5% year-on-year.

3. Rapid investment growth. In the first half of the year, the county's total social investment in fixed assets was159.73 million yuan, an increase of 27.2%. Among them, urban investment123.95 million yuan and rural investment15.78 million yuan increased by 17.2% and 7.3% respectively. In urban investment, capital construction investment was 5810.40 billion yuan, an increase of 47.0%; The investment in renovation was 49.35 million yuan, down by 65.438+03.0%; Private housing in urban industrial and mining areas was 6.5438+0646 million yuan, an increase of 73.5%.

4. The consumer goods market developed steadily. With the increase of urban and rural residents' income and the improvement of consumption environment, residents' consumption has increased steadily. In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in the county reached139.48 million yuan, an increase of 8. 1%, an increase of 2.9 percentage points over the same period last year. Characteristics of consumer goods market: First, the gap between urban and rural consumption growth narrowed, and the retail sales of social consumer goods above the county level reached 89.53 million yuan, an increase of 8.6%; The retail sales of rural consumer goods below the county level was 49.95 million yuan, up by 7.4%. The growth rate of retail sales of social consumer goods in rural areas was only 65,438 0.2 percentage points lower than that in urban areas, while it reached 4.0 percentage points in the same period last year, and the growth gap was obviously narrowed. Second, the individual and private economy has developed rapidly and its market share has been continuously improved. In the first half of the year, the retail sales of individual and private enterprises in the county was 8 1.93 million yuan, an increase of 8.8%, with a market share of 59%. Third, the catering business is booming. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, residents' consumption concept has also undergone positive changes, and eating out has become fashionable. From June to June, the retail sales reached10.06 million yuan, an increase of 27.3%.

5. The income of urban and rural residents increased rapidly. With the improvement of enterprise benefits, employees' wages and benefits have increased. In the first half of the year, the average wage of employees in the county was 5373 yuan, up 12.2% year-on-year. Farmers' income has increased rapidly. With the gradual implementation of the "No.1 Document" policy of the central government, farmers' income has increased substantially. In the first half of the year, the per capita cash income of farmers in the county was 602 yuan, an increase of 1 10 yuan, an increase of 22.4%, an increase of 7.5 percentage points over the same period of last year, a record high. Among them, the per capita wage income of farmers was 245 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 32.4%; Farmers' household operating income was 298 yuan, up 65,438+33 yuan 02.5% year-on-year.

6. The market price level has gone up. Under the dual effects of market pull and cost push, prices continue to rise. In the first half of the year, the consumer price index of the county was 102.2%, the price index of service items was 108.7%, the retail price index of commodities was 102%, and the price index of industrial products reached 107.5%.

7. Fiscal revenue grew rapidly. In the first half of the year, the county's total fiscal revenue was 67.52 million yuan, an increase of 38.2%, an increase of 65.438+03.2 percentage points over the same period last year, of which local fiscal revenue was 32.67 million yuan, an increase of 32.6%. Among the local fiscal revenues, the general budget revenue was 32.05 million yuan, an increase of 38.3%. The total fiscal expenditure of the county was 88.3 million yuan, up by 2 1.2%.

8. Deposits and loans of financial institutions continued to grow. At the end of June, the balance of various deposits of financial institutions in the county was 105577 million yuan, an increase of 19985 million yuan, an increase of 23.3%; Among them, the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents was 76 1.93 million yuan, an increase of 1.9672 million yuan, an increase of 34.8%; The balance of various loans was154.924 million yuan, an increase of 84.83 million yuan or 5.8%.

administrative division

Yuan Huan county

433 124

4 16400

huayuan town

As of June 5438+February 3, 20051,Huayuan county had jurisdiction over 8 towns and 10 townships.

huayuan town

Jurisdiction: 8 community neighborhood committees in Chengnan, Ganziyuan, Laozheng Street, Xichang Street, Dazhushan, Pontoon Bridge, Gaodeng Building and Jianshuipo; Lion Bridge, Wangcheng, Dongxiping, South Gate, Agricultural Station, Fenghe, Xinshengtun, Kadi, Dachong, Longdong, Wolongbang, Yixi, Qingshuitang, Dayunban, Liangshuijing, Guaitaipo, Maziluo, Chaoliao, Jia Min, Huaqiao, Racecourse, Wujiapo, Triangular Rock, Batang and Vegetables.

Chadong town

Jurisdiction: 2 neighborhood committees of Xiaoqiao and Jiangwharf; There are 15 village committees in Aimenkou, Shuijingwan, Guitan, Chestnut, Qule, QiMa Po, Xiaozhai, Shiniuxi, Miliang, Baiyan, Huotu, Tomb of the Elderly, Chayuanping, Nantai and Mulao.

Long Tan Town

Jurisdiction: Longtan, Macelo Wong Tang 2 neighborhood committees; There are 16 village committees in Tudi, Wang Dou, Longmen, Wotuo, Gan Tang, Huadian, Xiaolong, Limei, Gugu, Longtan, Daping, Caoping, Jin Rong, Bantang, Huangla and Zhangpima.

minle town

Jurisdiction: 2 neighborhood committees in Pan Yun and Zhongjie; There are 12 village committees in Minle, Tianjia, Paddy Field, Xiangshui, Kazi, Gushao, Dongzha, Shangchao, Xiachao, Maohao, Shui Xin and Bawu.

tuanjie town

Jurisdiction: 2 neighborhood committees of Xinlu and Laojie; There are 19 village committees in Changxin, Louna, Yongfeng, Banpo, Pan Yun, Jichang, Shuitian, Zhongzhai, Taiping, Yang Shuiping, Abi, Laoyatang, Longbao, Yanbatang, Yangjiazhai, Xiawashui, Madaozi, Laowangzhai and Tongmuzhai.

zenb jib weis

Jurisdiction: two neighborhood committees of Meihuajing and Acropolis; 20 village committees: Paizuo, Paida, Ira, Xiashui, Xinzhai, Laoacropolis, Jiwei, Keith, Dalaopai, Ramai, Jura, Kudzu, Mao Liang, Guoshui, Screw Cave, Gu Niu, Hulu, Ginkgo, Shuiyang and Baiyanping.

Malichang town

Jurisdiction: Malichang Town Neighborhood Committee; There are 18 village committees in Huangtupo, Liudou, Shapingba, Guangche, Paida Road, Malichang, Shake, Laozhai, Lixin, Penghu, Denggaoping, Wanggaopo, Geyu, Xinqiao, Jianyan, Xinke, Jinniu and Yanba.

You Ya town

Jurisdiction: Majia, Hangdu, Pojiao, Xiashui, Wudou, Dai Meng, Gaowu, Dongwei, Chaogang, Paila, Dakou, Ma You 12 Village Committee.

Changle Town

Jurisdiction: Gupo, Taohua, Reba, Naguang, Wochana, Yabaxi, Changtan, Iwao Dan, Miqiang, Zeruoping, Yuemaka, Daluoping, Nawuche, Huangliangou, Wang Shanping, Shuiping, Laohouping and Queerzhuang 18 village committees.

Grand heping town.

Jurisdiction: village committees of Maoertang, Xinjie, Nongke, Aicheba, Damushu, Liangfengdong, Tongzhou, Tasha, Genghe and Datangping 10.

Lianghe town

Jurisdiction: Luqiao, Dougong, Lianghe, Shihua, Tutun, Paddy Field, Mu Tong, Maogang, Spicy, Yan Ma, Yanjing and Niuxing 12 village committees.

Dalongdong town

Jurisdiction: Taozipo, Gao Yan, Zhong Xing, Dalong and Niujiao five village committees.

Paibi town

Jurisdiction: Luo Yan, Huangyan, Paibi, Sixin, Chestnut Village, Mao Ping, Xiaodongchong, Hong Ying, Ma 'an, Feichong, Bamboo, Zhangdao, Upper Banpo and Lower Banpo 14 village committees.

Madongku town

Jurisdiction: Ice Pool, Pudding, Wolongping, Paidangwu, Dongmaku, Hangzhai, Paidalian, Meila, Huangtuping, Paila, Rangcha, Chestnut, Jipoling, Wodazhao, Leigong, Tung Chung 16 village committees.

Maoer town

Jurisdiction: Tuanjie, Guohe, Guoer, Tangjia, Xinzhai, Laohuchong, Feng Tang, Dongli, Taiyangshan, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Tianwan, Lead Factory, Pailaguang, Paier and Bucket 15.

Woshao town

Jurisdiction: Xiazhaihe, Dangjia, Zhela, Woshao, Hangdu, Woba, Dachong, Shabi, Tangcha, Miaoxinzhai, Balu, Buruping, Laotianping, Yanzhai, Hu Axiang 15 village committees.

Buchou town

Jurisdiction: Daka, Xiaoka, Shanghang, Paidang, Daben, Dongshao, Dashao, Buchou, Jijiu, Migou, Pailong, Bucket, Daao, Yulong and other 14 village committees.

Doyle town

Jurisdiction: 1 1 mela, Gaoba, Jiexi, Doyle, Gaodeng, Zheren, Pailou, Zhu Dynasty, Gaoba, Xia Zi and Liaodong Village Committee.

Paiwu town

Jurisdiction: 1 1 madong, cowhide, large row houses, small row houses, tamcai, zila, zhuzizhai, Longmen, damao, mozi and liaoqiu village committee.

Paicai town

Jurisdiction: 7 village committees of Zhier, Buhao, Paifang, Longkong, Ranglie, Taohua and Jinlong.

Yaqiao town

Jurisdiction: Daxing, Yau Ma, Baolou, Tang Tian, Peng Yan, Peng Da, Paizha, Shaping, Ganmu, Maoerpo, Ke Yan, Tangsan 13 Village Committee.

From June 5438 to June 20201October, Huayuan County was selected as the first batch of national digital village pilot areas.

On February 22, 20 18, Huayuan county was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 17.

On March 2015,65438, Huayuan County won the honor of the third batch of advanced units in the national legal county establishment activities.