Tao Yuanming's allusions about five buckets of rice without bending over.

The idiom "Five buckets of rice don't bend over" comes from the biography of Tao Qian in the Book of Jin: "Five buckets of rice don't bend over, and boxing is evil for the middle and small people in the village." Metaphor is lofty, spineless and unmoved by fortune. The following is a complete collection of allusions carefully compiled by Tao Yuanming for you. I hope you like it.

Tao Yuanming's allusion to five buckets of rice without bending over

Tao Yuanming, also known as Tao Qian, was a famous poet, lyricist and essayist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was born into a declining bureaucratic family. His great-grandfather was the famous Great Tao Kan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but by his generation, Taoists had declined and lived in poverty. Nevertheless, Tao Yuanming received a good family education from an early age. He read widely and developed a noble character of not being vain and greedy for money.

In the first year of Yixi (405), Tao Yuanming was persuaded by his friends to become Pengze county magistrate. Eighty-one days after he arrived, I met Du You sent by Xunyang County to inspect official business. Liu Yun, a native of Xunyang County, is famous for his greed for money. He asks for bribes from the county twice a year in the name of patrol, and every time he returns with a full load, otherwise he will plant it. The county magistrate said:? We should dress neatly, prepare gifts and greet Du You respectfully. ? Tao Yuanming lamented:? How can I bow to the children in the village and ask for five dou of rice? ? How can I be humble enough to bribe these little people for the county magistrate's salary of five dou meters? Tao Yuanming's allusion to five buckets of rice without bending over

So, after being a Peng for more than 80 days, Tao Yuanming left the yamen, packed his bags and returned to his hometown, where he lived in seclusion. He has no attachment to officialdom, but a sense of freedom. He drinks and writes poems every day and lives a leisurely life like a paradise.

On Tao Yuanming's Failure to Bow Down for Five-door Meals

This idiom comes from the Book of Jin? "Biography of Tao Qian", you can't bend over with five buckets of rice. Boxing is a matter for the villains in the village.

Tao Yuanming was a great poet and writer in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, and his great-grandfather Tao Kan was a famous fu writer and founding hero in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Grandfather Tao Mao and father Tao Yi are both governors. But by the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the government was increasingly corrupt and the officialdom was dark. Tao Yuanming was indifferent by nature. Even though his family was poor and he could not make ends meet, he still insisted on reading and writing poems. He cares about people's sufferings, and has a "strong ambition to escape from all over the world, like Philip Burkart" (zh? ) "ambition, with the desire of" helping the poor ",as Jiangzhou drink offering. Because he didn't like the bad style of officialdom, he resigned and went home soon, and then the country called him the main book, and he also politely declined.

Later, he worked in some official positions one after another, but because he was indifferent to fame and fortune, he was honest and upright, unwilling to go along with the corrupt officialdom and lived an anonymous life. Tao Yuanming was an official for the last time in the first year of Yixi (405). That year, Tao Yuanming, who had passed the "year of no doubt" (4 1 year old), was persuaded by his friends to serve as Pengze county magistrate again. Eighty-one days after he arrived, I met Du You sent by Xunyang County to inspect official business. Liu Yun, a native of Xunyang County, is famous for his greed for money. He asks for bribes from the county twice a year in the name of patrol, and every time he goes, he has to return with a full load, otherwise he will plant it. The county official said, "Welcome with a belt." Is to dress neatly, prepare gifts, and greet Du You respectfully. Tao Yuanming sighed, "How can I bow down to the children in the village for five buckets of rice?" How can I be humble enough to bribe these little people for the county magistrate's salary of five dou meters? Say that finish, hang the crown, resign and return to China. Since then, he has been studying and writing, and at the same time, he has been working in Longmu.

Tao Yuanming's wife, Zhai, shares his interests. She lives in poverty and keeps her virginity. "The husband plows in front and the wife hoes in the back." When a friend visits, no matter how high or low, as long as there is wine at home, drink it with him. Although living in poverty, he has been reluctant to accept this position. In the first year of Yuanjia in Song Wendi (424), Tan Daoji, the secretariat of Jiangzhou, visited in person, but refused to accept rice and meat from Jiangzhou envoys. The court once called him a writer, but he refused.

He could have lived comfortably and richly, at least well-fed, but he sacrificed his personality and integrity, so he chose a hard but quiet and free pastoral life. What you lose, you will gain. Tao Yuanming gained the freedom of mind and dignity of personality, and wrote poems with unique style and lasting fame. It has left precious literary wealth and precious spiritual wealth for future generations.

His life is full of yearning and pursuit for the true meaning of life. His poems, such as Drinking and Miscellaneous Poems, are either plain, beautiful and natural, colorful and meaningful, or praise history and care about the current situation, or full of life interest of "naturally loving autumn mountains". His Ci-Fu, Gui Xi Ci, expressed his determination not to do as the Romans do. His prose "Peach Blossom Garden" and "Biography of Mr. Wu Liu" show the artistic conception of returning to simplicity, lofty and refined, and are full of yearning for a better future. Later generations have the reputation of "a word is natural and eternal, and luxury is the best to see the truth". His integrity, which is not bent for "five buckets of rice", encourages future generations to attach importance to the whole world and chastity, not to be ashamed when bending over, not to go with the flow, to maintain a kind and pure nature and not to be changed by any fame and fortune in the world.

Historical evaluation of Tao Yuanming's failure to bend his back for five buckets of rice

After Tao Yuanming's death, his best friend Yan Yanzhi wrote The History of Zheng Tao for him, and posthumous title regarded it as a "precise explanation". Yan Yanzhi praised Tao Yuanming's character and integrity in his obituary, but did not fully affirm his literary achievements. Tao Yuanming's position in the history of China literature has not been fully affirmed and recognized in the decades after his death. Xiao Tong, Prince Zhaoming of Liang Dynasty, attached great importance to Tao Yuanming's poems and couldn't put it down. Xiao Tong personally compiled, prefaced and biographied Tao Yuanming. The Collection of Tao Yuanming is the first collection of literary works by scholars in the history of China literature, which is of great significance. Xiao Tong praised "his prose is not crowded, his words are brilliant, his ups and downs are obvious, he is superior to others, and his cadence is as bright as Beijing".

During the Southern Dynasties, Tao Yuanming's literary position was not recognized as it should be, but his poetry and prose works spread more and more widely and influenced more and more.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, more and more poets liked Tao Yuanming's poems, and their evaluation of Tao Yuanming became higher and higher. Wang Ji was an idyllic poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Like Tao Yuanming, he lived in seclusion in the countryside for many times, entertaining himself with Gin.

Meng Haoran, an idyllic poet in Tang Dynasty, worshipped Tao Yuanming very much. He wrote in "Returning to Hannan to Send Old Beijing Tour in Midsummer":

Appreciate the biography of Gao Shi

Best Tao Zhengjun,

My eyes are full of pastoral interest,

Claiming to be Emperor Xi.

Li Bai wrote a play for Zheng Liyang.

Ling Tao gets drunk every day. I don't know five Liu Chun.

Su Qin has no strings and pours wine with a towel.

Under the breezy north window, I call myself Emperor Xi.

When I arrived at chestnuts, I met my whole life.

Li Bai's thought of "Alas, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to high officials" is in the same strain as Tao Yuanming's spirit of "not bowing down for a bucket of rice".

Du Fu's "To My Father Yin Wei"

A guest spread in the river shade, and they asked Kong Rong.

Qingyang is still isolated, and Zhang Fu is still in the west.

Shi Ding was divided into different schools, and his ci field followed the national style.

Respect and look at the ground, let go of poverty.

Turbid wine asks for a pottery order, and cinnabar visits Ge Hong.

The rivers and lakes are short and brown, and the frost and snow are full of flying tops.

The prison is big and the circulation is empty.

I am ashamed to know thistle, but I am afraid to laugh at Yang Xiong.

Ignoring the wrong gods and fears, eulogizing virtue and justice.

Who wants to be a chicken in the residual soil room of the corpse township?

Bai Juyi visited Tao Gong's former residence.

In the poem, Tao Yuanming's noble personality is praised by "dust and pollution don't pollute jade, and phoenix doesn't peck at fishy smell";

Dirt and dust do not pollute jade, and Lingfeng does not peck.

Alas, Tao Jingjie was born in Jin and Song Dynasties.

The heart is really guarded, and the mouth can't talk.

There will always be solitary bamboo, brushing shouyangshan's clothes.

Poverty and hunger are not difficult.

Mr. Wang has five men. They are hungry and cold together.

If you don't have enough food in your intestines, you can't finish your clothes.

I can't continue to sign the contract, which is really virtuous.

It has been 500 years since I gave birth to your husband.

Every time I watch Biography of Five Willows, I want to beat my chest.

I once recited the legacy and wrote sixteen articles.

When I went to my hometown to play today, Mori Ruojun was there.

Don't envy a bottle of wine, don't envy a piano without strings

Mu Jun's legacy is good. He died of old age in this Yuan Qiu.

Chaisang ancient village, chestnut old mountains and rivers.

There are no chrysanthemums under the fence and smoke in the ruins.

Although the descendants are unknown, the clan has not moved.

Every time my family name is Ren Tao, my heart is still there.

Bai Juyi's Sixteen Poems of Little Tao Qian

Sir, I've been gone for a long time, and I have a legacy of paper and ink.

Advise me to drink one cup after another, and there is nothing to say.

I come from the boss and admire him very much.

Others can't reach it, and the effect is drunk.

Ancient literati in China shared the common character of drinking, which was inseparable from the influence of Tao Yuanming. Bai Juyi's poem makes it very clear: "If you don't achieve anything else, you will get drunk."

In the Song Dynasty, Tao Yuanming's position in the history of China literature was further consolidated and confirmed. Ouyang Xiu praised Gui Ci and said, "Jin has no articles, but Tao Yuanming has Gui Ci. Ouyang Xiu also said, "I love Tao Yuanming, wine and leisure". In the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi once said that Tao Yuanming's poem "Building a house depends on human feelings, and there are no chariots and horses. Ask what you can do, your heart is far from self-prejudice. " "Since the poet, there is no such sentence. But there is a tendency to go further and further, and the words are brilliant. There is only one between Jin and Song Dynasties.

Su Shi said in The Book with Su Zhe that "I am not very good with poets, but there are not many good and profound poems, but their poems are of quality and content, which are nothing compared with those of Cao, Liu, Bao, Xie, Li and Du Fu". It is unfair for Su Dongpo to put Tao poetry above Li Bai and Du Fu, but he summed up the artistic style of Tao poetry with the words "quality and richness", which is still very accurate. Su Dongpo regarded Tao Yuanming as a mentor and friend all his life. He not only loves his poems, but also admires him as a person. He once commented on Tao Yuanming: "If you want to be an official, be an official, don't be suspicious; If you want to be hidden, you will be hidden instead of looking for it. When you are hungry, you will buckle the door and beg for food; When you are full, welcome guests with chicken and millet. "It is true that there is wisdom in ancient and modern times." People attach importance to truth, so does poetry, which comes from people's truth, which is the main reason why Tao poetry has enduring charm. In his later years, Su Shi said in The Book with Su Zhe: "I am deeply ashamed of my profound knowledge and want to take the evening festival as a warning."

Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi and Su Shi occupied the supreme position in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty, and their admiration for Tao Yuanming undoubtedly played a vital role in further determining his position in the history of China literature.

Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, took Tao Yuanming as his confidant in the depression of serving the country with no door and hard ambition. The poem "Shui Long Yin" says: "You have to believe that this Weng is not dead, and now he is angry." There are 626 words left by Xin Qiji, of which 60 are recited, mentioned, quoted by Wen Taotao explicitly and implicitly, and almost one word in every 10 is related to Tao Yuanming. Xin Qiji said in Nian Nu Jiao: "You must believe in picking chrysanthemums, and you will be happy for thousands of years. Only Tao Pengze." Gave Tao Yuanming the highest evaluation ever.

Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and even modern times all followed the lofty evaluation of Tao Yuanming in Song Dynasty.

Mr. Lu Xun once said: "Tao Qian is great because he is not all' quiet'."

Liang Qichao once said, "Nature is his loving companion and always smiles at him". As he said, Tao opened a channel between nature and philosophy, and reached a reconciliation between the suffering of life and the purport of nature. Even the most common rural life scene shows an infinite and meaningful beauty in his works.

Tao Yuanming's immortal poems and great personality have influenced the thoughts and creations of several generations of literati such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Dongpo and Xin Qiji. He made inestimable contributions to the development and prosperity of China literature.

Tao Yuanming's poems focus on expressing emotions and aspirations. His language, seemingly simple, is actually wonderful. In plain and mellow poems, there are warm feelings and a strong flavor of life. Tao Yuanming's five poems "Returning to the Garden" are the best or the best among the pastoral poems. Among them, "Little without Vulgar Rhyme" is compiled into middle school students' Chinese textbooks. The lyricism of poetry is refreshing; The scenery of the poem is an eye-opener. Unforgettable after reading it. Whenever you read it, it is a wonderful enjoyment.

As a hermit in the troubled times at the end of the Jin Dynasty, it is conceivable that Tao Yuanming often interacted with Buddhism in Lushan Mountain in his later years, but they may not be like-minded ideologically. Anyone who has carefully studied Tao's poems and knows about the poet's life knows that Tao Yuanming is an atheist with a quiet appearance, warm heart and ready to help others. When I was a teenager, I was ambitious, accepted Confucianism and hoped to make contributions. However, after being an official for a period of time, the reality disappointed him. He didn't want to go along with the people in power, so he chose a road to retire and return to the fields.

At this time he was influenced by Zhuangzi's philosophy. Because he lived an idyllic life that many scholars never had, and he personally participated in labor and had contact with the working people, he inevitably got some new feelings and inspirations ideologically. Therefore, when the Jin Dynasty advocated the old style of writing, he was able to create a new form of pastoral poetry with a unique style and made great contributions to the history of China's poetry development. He never forgot this world from his "ambition to escape from the four seas" in his youth to his "ambition to stay in the world" in his old age. His masterpiece "Peach Blossom Garden" handed down from ancient times is precisely his vision for a society where everyone is self-reliant and friendly, and there is no distractions and poverty in reality. Even analyzing his seclusion and drinking in the background at that time contains the significance of expressing some dissatisfaction and resistance to the dark rule at that time.