What does it mean that hepatitis B is positive for 3 pairs of 2, 4 and 5? Please give a detailed answer.

There are three pairs of HBV markers. Due to technical reasons, the core antigen was not detected, so it became two halves. Whether the two halves are positive only reflects whether they are infected with HBV and virus replication, but not inflammatory state, and has no causal relationship with the severity of the disease.

For the convenience of description, the two halves of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), surface antibody (HBsAb), E antigen (HBeAg), E antibody (HBeAb) and core antibody (HBcAb) are numbered 12345 in turn, and the most common combinations are explained as follows:

1, 15 all negative: uninfected, normal. You can get passive immunity by injecting hepatitis B vaccine.

2. One-five-yang (small-two-yang): it is in the recovery period of acute hepatitis B or has been infected in the past, and its infectivity is weak. ① If there are no symptoms in clinic and the liver function such as ALT is normal, they are asymptomatic carriers. ② Symptoms, ALT, etc. Significantly increased, this is the early stage of acute hepatitis B. ③ Symptoms. ALT and other normal, chronic hepatitis B.

3. One, three and five yang (big three yang): acute and chronic hepatitis B, suggesting that the virus is active in replication and highly contagious.

4, 145 positive (small three positive): acute infection tends to be cured or chronic hepatitis B, virus replication is not strong, infectivity is weak, but DNA testing is needed.

5, Shan: I have been infected with hepatitis B or vaccinated, and now I have immunity. The higher the titer, the stronger the protective effect and the longer the immunization time.

6. Single positive: ① In the early stage of hepatitis B infection, the virus replicates and is contagious. ② If they are positive for more than six months, they are chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. If the titer is low, <1:16, it is not contagious.

7. Single Wuyang: (1) low titer, IgG positive: infected in the past, but now recovered, it is a non-infectious "carrier". (2) If the titer is high and IgM is positive, it is an infection at present, which is a sign of continuous replication of the virus. It's contagious. You can't donate blood. (3) 3) Both IgG and IgM are positive, which is easy to develop into chronic hepatitis B or virus carriers.

8. Two-four-yang, two-five-yang or two-four-five-yang: In the recovery period after infection, antibodies have been produced and some immunity has begun.

9. Four-five-yang: (1) is a convalescent or recent infection with low replication and weak infectivity. (2) The amount of virus is small, and other markers are difficult to detect. (3) Check the errors and recheck after three months.

10, one or three positive: early acute infection, highly contagious.

1 1, one positive and two positive: early subclinical infection or secondary infection of different virus subtypes.

12, 14 positive: asymptomatic infected person or virus carrier; Acute infections often heal.

It must be pointed out that those who have the conditions should try to determine HBV—DNA. Normal: negative, quantitative < 103 copy /ml (the same below); Positive indicates virus replication; ≤ 105, low infectivity; ≥ 107 is highly contagious. According to the literature, 20% of the people who are negative in the second and second items can still find HBV-DNA positive and can also be diagnosed as hepatitis B.

Prevention and treatment: Anyone who is positive for surface antigen or accompanied by other positive items should pay attention to: (1) Don't go to a doctor to get medicine, don't believe advertisements, and should consult a regular hospital; (2) Avoid alcohol and spicy food; (3) Pay attention to nutrition and rest, and don't overwork; (4) Regular examination of liver function, bisection, liver fibrosis markers, alpha-fetoprotein and liver B-ultrasound; (5) If the liver function is abnormal, please consult a doctor; (6) Family members who are not infected can be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine to gain immunity; (7) Avoid dental blood infection.