Guan Yu's fortune-telling book _ Guan Yu's divination

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is an era of frequent wars, and naturally there are many military commanders. Such as Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhang Liao and Lu Bu. Everyone is most familiar with the military commanders of the Three Kingdoms. They all think that Zhang Guan is the best general in the world. In fact, when it comes to leading troops to fight, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties are much better than these two, such as Emperor Wu, Hou Muyan, Rong Chui, Hou Zhao, Xie Xuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tan Daoji, Yuan Ying of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yu Wenxian of the Western Wei Dynasty, Wei Xiaokuan, Hu Luguang of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Duan Shao and so on. Surprisingly, however, among so many famous soldiers, only Guan Yu was unexpectedly honored as emperor, king and sage. Now Guan Yu has become one of the few real figures in history, and he is a very respected god. Throughout the history of China, Guan has never been listed as a famous name. At least there is Han Xin, a soldier fairy, and the famous soldiers in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties should stay away collectively. So how did Guan Yu become a god? It also has something to do with Buddhism. Guan Yu was only famous for his bravery in modern times after the Three Kingdoms. During the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, Tan Daoji had several valiant soldiers under his command. At that time, people used Zhang Guan to prove his bravery. It can be seen that at least in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, his characteristic point was only military courage. And there is no official qualitative evaluation. The subtle changes in things began in the Sui Dynasty. At that time, Tiantai Zongzhi called Guan Yu a saint and called him a "respected Galand". Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty grew up in a Buddhist temple and held a highly positive attitude towards Buddhism. As an emperor, he recognized this statement and supported him to build yuquan temple specially for Guan Yu. Judging from Zhiyi's behavior, it is just that Buddhist sects use the image of well-known domestic military commanders to engage in religious propaganda in order to compete for believers. But this kind of behavior accidentally closed the rhythm of feudal rule. At that time, when the Sui Dynasty was just established, although the legal system was established politically and militarily, it was necessary to reconcile the contradictions of the Hu people and unify the differences between the north and the south. The official public opinion of the Sui Dynasty urgently needed to support a number of images of loyalty and righteousness to strengthen the dignity of the court. Guan Yu is undoubtedly a good specimen. Although Guan Yu is not the number one star in history, his loyalty to Liu Bei and others is very distinctive, which is also very in line with the propaganda needs of the Sui Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Wendi of Sui strongly supported Guan Yu's religious activities. When Wu Zetian was in the Tang Dynasty, Shen Xiu, the Zen master, once again emphasized Guan Yu's concept of displaying sages, and got the support of Wu Zetian when he expanded yuquan temple. In Song Dynasty, yuquan temple was canonized as "Martyr Temple" by Song Zhezong, which is a strong evidence that Guan Yu's deified image was officially recognized in writing. When Buddhist propaganda expanded, officials also began to praise Guan Yu from political channels. Tang Suzong listed Guan Yu as a subordinate of Jiang Ziya, making him formally enter the temple of worship. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Hui Zong successively named Guan Yu as "loyal to the public", "loyal to Ning Zhenjun", "King Zhaolie Wu 'an" and "King Wu Yong 'an". In the Southern Song Dynasty, due to the national crisis, the court used Guan Yu to boost morale and named Guan Yu "the hero of Wu 'an to help the king". In the Ming Dynasty, in order to solidify Guan Yu's patriotic image, Guan Yu was upgraded from "worship" to "special worship", replacing Jiang Ziya's status as "Wu Shen". After Guan Yu was sealed twice, he was promoted from king to emperor. The origin of the so-called Guan Jun in later generations is related to this. In order to strengthen the image of the co-owner of all ethnic groups, the Qing Dynasty completely inherited the practice of praising Guan Yu since the Song and Ming Dynasties, and gave Guan Yu an unprecedented title: loyalty, SHEN WOO, spirit, kindness, benevolence, courage, prestige, protecting the country, protecting the people and sincere appeasement, and awarded Xuande Guan Sheng the Great. With the official call, cultural circles and people have joined the ranks of sanctifying Guan Yu. Zhu, a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty, challenged the historical authority, dug up the theory of respecting Cao and belittling Liu in the official history and put forward the theory of respecting Liu and belittling Cao. Because this statement was in line with feudal ethics, it was quickly accepted and recognized by the court. Guan Yu, as the backbone of opposing Cao Cao and supporting Liu, further consolidated his lofty image of sacredness and courage. Compared with the seriousness and utility of political and religious circles, people's admiration for Guan Yu is more joy. Guan Yu was originally an image of a military commander, but the people often expressed their sacred demands, such as seeking justice, helping the poor, practicing martial arts, telling fortune and going to court. Therefore, Guan Yu also asked Guan Yu for blessing in order to obtain scholarships, seek fame, resist floods and droughts, and eliminate wars. Guan Yu gradually developed from Wu Shen and God of War into a god of wealth, justice and protection. Taoism, which was born and raised in China, simply played the most unique role, honoring Guan Yu as the "Demon Emperor of the Three Realms" and "Prime Minister of the Jade Emperor Temple with Lights", and directly became an omnipotent god. Today, the worship of Guan Yu has long been rid of the dross spirit of feudal rule and purified into a cultural symbol that people yearn for fairness and justice. In the new era of cultural prosperity, as long as Guan Yu's image is endowed with healthier connotation, I believe he can play a more important role in promoting traditional culture.