The Ninth Grade Chinese Teaching Plan "Public Failure"

Through the story of Mozi's preventing Chu from attacking Song Dynasty, Gong Bo vividly described Mozi's hard practice and tenacious struggle spirit in order to realize his "no attack" proposition, and at the same time exposed Gong Bo and the king of Chu's cunning, thus showing that only by combining morality and strength can the invaders be forced to curb their ambitions. The following is the lesson plan of the ninth grade Chinese "Public Decline" that I share with you. I hope you like it.

Teaching objectives

1, knowledge and ability:

⑴ Accumulate the nominal words and function words commonly used in classical Chinese, and master the sentence characteristics of interrogative sentences and rhetorical questions.

⑵ Understand Mozi and his thought of non-attack. target

⑶ Experience Mozi's superb art of persuasion.

2. Process and method: the method of independence, cooperation and inquiry.

3, emotional attitudes and values:

Understand the evil of unjust war, oppose aggression, love peace and do our best to contribute to peace.

Teaching focus

1. Accumulate knowledge of literature and education and improve students' self-study ability.

2. Clarify writing ideas and grasp Mozi's trilogy of discouraging Chu from attacking Song Dynasty.

3. Recite your favorite sentences and paragraphs to increase language accumulation.

Teaching difficulties

Appreciate Mozi's persuasion skills.

teaching method

1, reading-tasting-reciting.

2. Doubt-inspire-dispel doubts.

Class arrangement

2 class hours.

teaching process

first kind

First, guide the design.

The two major themes in today's world are peace and development, and the suffering brought by war is incalculable. Today, we approach a peace-loving man who stopped an unjust war with his eloquence, clever words and courage. Look at his extraordinary performance.

Second, information reading AIDS

1. Prose of Pre-Qin philosophers:

Prose of pre-Qin philosophers came into being in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. His major works include The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Everything is done wrong, and Lv Chunqiu. The development of pre-Qin philosophers' prose has roughly experienced three stages: the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is the first stage of development, represented by The Analects of Confucius and Mozi. The Analects of Confucius is a short essay. Mozi has been discussed in the dialogue and has begun to take on the scale of argumentative writing. The mid-Warring States period is the second stage of development, represented by Mencius and Zhuangzi. Mencius is a dialogue prose, Zhuangzi is close to a monograph, and the late Warring States period is the third development stage, represented by Xunzi and Han Feizi.

Most of the essays of pre-Qin philosophers are full of literary talent, and they make good use of metaphors to tell things and argue right and wrong, which enhances their persuasiveness, while the extensive use of rhetorical devices such as parallelism and exaggeration makes the articles more colorful. In a word, the prose of pre-Qin philosophers had a far-reaching influence on later literature both in thought and art.

2. Mozi and Mozi:

Mozi, (about 468 ~ 376 BC), a famous Zhai, a native of Shandong and Song Dynasty, was a thinker, politician and educator in the early Warring States period and a representative writer of Tuzi's prose in the pre-Qin period. Advocate? Universal love "and" non-attack ".

Mozi is a pre-Qin Mohist work, with 53 existing works, including Mozi's own works, Mozi's lectures and quotations recorded by his disciples, as well as some later Mohist works. Mozi is the source of China's essays. Use the methods of analogy, analogy, example and reasoning to discuss politics clearly with strict logic. The language is plain and simple, mostly spoken, which occupies an important position in pre-Qin prose.

3. Public losses:

Gongbo cuisine, a famous dish, also known as Luban, a Shandong native, is a skillful craftsman in ancient China legend, and also a stubborn, cunning and vicious person.

Third, reading the text, the overall perception

1, the teacher demonstrates reciting the text, and the students master the pronunciation while listening.

New words:

Xie (xiè) announced (xuān) Yu (yǔ) Zhu (xuě si) Zhu (tuó) Zhu (f) Zi (zǔ) Zhu Nan (pián nán

Please tell me (shu ū) changmu (zhà ng) public loss plate (bā n) see me in Wang (Xi 'an) and the birds slipli (g ?) interchangeable words:

Don't say "happy" (say "refuse", block) when inputting forms in public.

Mozi's defense is more than enough (through "defense" and "resistance").

2. Students can read freely.

Fourth, translate and read the text, dredge sentences and get familiar with the meaning.

1, students read the text by themselves, combine notes, borrow reference books and translate the text.

2. Discuss and study difficult problems in translation in groups and solve them together. The teacher toured each group and answered questions.

3. Teachers guide students to accumulate classical Chinese knowledge in this class.

(1) Explain the following bold words:

Please give me ten gold coins (please allow me to express my respect)

The land of Jing is five thousand miles (the land is different from modern Chinese)

The bus set up a plane to attack the city. In modern Chinese, "mechanical change" means "improvisation")

(2) Polysemy:

Don't say (happy) to see losing (visiting), although losing is a ladder for me (like this)

Please tell me (explain) that Hu did not see me among the 300 disciples (but) introduced by Wang.

It can't be said that knowledge (principle) is the machinery of Chu ladder (like this)

It was heard by the same kind of Mozi (referring to building a ladder to attack the Song Dynasty)

What is the crime of Song Dynasty (symbol of preposition object, structural auxiliary word)

I attacked the Song Dynasty with monarch and minister (used between subject and predicate to cancel sentence independence and structural auxiliary words)

I know the reason why my son is far away from me.

(3) Translate the following sentences:

What is the life of a master? What is your opinion, sir? What was the sin of the Song Dynasty? What is the sin of Song State?

Aren't you worried? Why not stop (attacking the Song Dynasty)? Didn't Hu see me in Wang? Why don't you introduce me to the king of Chu?

Why is this human? What kind of person is this?

Fifth, clear up the writing ideas and grasp the meaning of the text.

1. Q: Who is the counterpart in this article? Who is the protagonist? What was Mozi's purpose in going to Chu?

Clear: The two sides corresponding to this article are Mozi, the defeated Chu and Han, and the King of Chu. The protagonist is Mozi. The purpose of his visit to Chu was to dissuade Chu from attacking Song.

2. Question: Talk about your ideas about this article.

Students discuss and present the results:

Put the word "see" on the beads.

Mozi sees public loss → Mozi sees the king of Chu → Mozi sees public loss.

( 1~ 12)( 13~ 16)( 17~22)

Mozi advised Chu not to attack the state of Song, which was divided into three steps: making the losers poor in argument, and the king of Chu poor in argument; Simulate attack and defense, defeat the defeat, and urge the king of Chu to give up attacking the Song Dynasty.

2. Organize the full text with the change of characters' thoughts and attitudes as clues.

Background: The public loser obeys the King of Chu and says "good", while the public loser praises the King of Chu for "good".

Distribution of intransitive verbs

Read the text and recite your favorite sentences and paragraphs.

Second lesson

First, students read the text together.

Second, read the text intensively to explore the mystery of Mozi's success in preventing Chu from attacking Song Dynasty.

1, study paragraph 5 ~ 12.

Question 1: Which sentence in the text explains the cause of the incident?

Cuddle: The bus plate is the mechanical and successful ladder of Chu, which will attack the Song Dynasty.

Question 2: What verbs explain Mozi's hasty trip? What kind of mentality and spirit does Mozi embody?

Cuddle: Several verbs are "smell", "start", "go" and "arrive". This series of verbs embodies Mozi's anxious mentality and the spirit of having fun in hardships to stop the Chu-Song war.

Question 3: Mozi saw the loss and asked him to help kill people. He further said that he could "donate money". What is his real intention?

Hugging: The real intention is to irritate the loser step by step and force him to say something like "I am righteous and don't kill people". Because Mozi predicted that although the losers were actively preparing for a bloody battle, they would pretend to uphold justice on the surface. Volkswagen really got caught losing.

Question 4: How did Mozi refute his "righteousness" by grasping the sentence "I am righteous and do not kill people"?

Hug: First, point out "What crime did you commit?" Then accuse the attack of being unwise-fighting for everyone else by killing less. At the same time, he criticized the attack for being unkind, because Laiben was innocent. Conclusion: the "righteousness" of public loss is "killing more, not killing less", which is a greater injustice.

Question ⑤: "It is disloyal to know without arguing. Is it unfair to accuse the public of losing?

Hugging: No, it's to prevent the losers from shirking their responsibilities for various reasons.

Question 6: "The public lost their dedication". Do you really accept the public lost offer at this time? Did he cancel the attack?

Cuddling: There is no real lawsuit, but the "injustice" of the attack is acquiesced. Instead of canceling the attack plan, he cunningly shifted the responsibility to the king of Chu.

Question 7: The problem has not been really solved. Did Mozi stop there? What sentence can be seen from the text?

Hug: There is no such thing as giving up. It can be seen from "Hu does not regard me as king". From here we can feel Mozi's courage and determination.

(Explanation: Setting the above seven questions is intended to inspire students to understand the meaning of the text and the process of Mozi's step-by-step, retreat and finally give up. )

2. Read the paragraph 13 ~ 16:

Question 1: What was Mozi's first example when he met the King of Chu? What's the purpose?

Hug: "Today, someone came." ... neighbors tried to steal it. "The purpose is to induce the king of Chu to naturally say something like' I will steal the disease'.

Question 2: How did Mozi convince the King of Chu through his inference?

Embrace: by comparison and analogy. First of all, compare the land and products of Chu with those of other countries, and then compare the behavior of "Wang Li attacking Song" with that of "someone", which shows that Chu's attack is really like stealing, and it is unwise and really unnecessary to attack secretly.

Question 3: Does the King of Chu admit Mozi's truth? Did it cancel the attack plan?

Hugging: The King of Chu admitted that Mozi was right, as can be seen from the word "En". But it did not cancel the plan to attack the Song Dynasty. Instead, he kicked the ball to the public losing platform and the ladder he developed, firmly indicating that "Song will take it".

Description: The above three questions are intended to inspire students to understand Mozi's process of persuading the King of Chu. )

3. Read the paragraph 17 ~ 22:

Question 1: The King of Chu pinned his hopes of attacking the Song Dynasty on the defeat and the new weapons he developed. So, what kind of contest did the two sides have and what was the result?

Hug: The public transport sector is challenged by new weapons and clever strategies. There are nine sets of machines in the bus section, and Mozi is at an excellent distance. As a result, the bus sector was exhausted and Mozi defended the country in excess.

Question 2: What does "open tender" mean?

Hugging: It shows that the game of public loss, whether it is a moral contest or a tactical contest, has completely failed.

Question 3: What kind of psychological state does the sentence "I know, so I am far away, so I won't say" reflect?

Cuddling: The public loss set was defeated in both wars, and it became angry and moved to kill.

Question 4: What did Mozi do at the critical moment?

Hugging: I have answers, and I am calm. I take "I know the reason why my son left me, but I don't say anything" as a tit for tat.

Question ⑤: Mozi revealed the content of "no word" in Gongbo. What is this?

Hug: "Kill the minister, Song Mo can't stay, but attack him."

Question 6: Did Mozi completely subdue the monarch and ministers of Chu? Why?

Hug: Yes. Mozi finally showed his cards to the king of Chu: his disciples had helped the Song state strengthen its defense, and they had been "defending the enemy" and waiting for "Chu Kou". This completely broke the dream of Chu monarch and his subjects trying to seize the country with new weapons and had to cancel the plan to attack the Song Dynasty. At this point, Mozi won an all-round victory and achieved the goal of stopping the attack of Chu.

Question ⑦: Understand the full text and think about whether Mozi stopped Chu and hit Song only by sharp and clever words.

Cuddling: No, besides that, it is more important to rely on Mozi's skill and the preparation of Song State. With strength as the backing, Mozi's words are more powerful and more sure of winning.

Third, appreciate and taste Mozi's persuasion art.

Question: What persuasion skills does Mozi have?

Students are free to think, discuss and speak. Achievement display:

Clever reasoning is manifested in the following three aspects.

1, according to different objects, provoke the public to lose in different ways, five "can't say", righteous words, strict; Advise the king of Chu, praise Chu three times, and at the same time please him, put him in a position of indefensible.

2. Strong logic. It is mainly manifested in the ingenious use of metaphor, contrast, interlocking and impeccable when discouraging the king of Chu.

3. Take the initiative and stay active. In the trilogy of discouraging Chu from attacking Song State, every time it is a clever attack, turning passivity into initiative, being calm, thoughtful, witty and eloquent. Mo Yu is good at trapping people in contradictory situations. The meaning of public defeat and the theft of the king of Chu have all become Mozi's magic weapon against the enemy. How helpless and bitter it is to attack its shield with it as a spear. Both the loser and the king of Chu are obedient and good. The language is vivid, and five "no words" are used in succession, which is full of negative meaning and magnificent, making people unable to refute the public loss: he used three comparisons in succession, saying in an exaggerated way that Chu is vast in territory and rich in resources, and Song is narrow in resources, which not only satisfies the vanity of the king of Chu, but also makes him realize that attacking Song is meaningless and even stupid. However, if this passage exposes the murder of the public loser and finally dispels Chu's attempt to attack the Song Dynasty, the length of the sentence and the urgency of the tone are both calm and deterrent, which fully shows the characteristics of being fearless and calm.

Fourth, reading for beauty.

1. Teacher's question: Gong Bo is the most literary and interesting article in Mozi. What kind of people is portrayed in this article?

Students speak freely. Achievement display:

The characters are vivid, and the article describes three characters with distinct personalities through language education. Mozi, resourceful, fearless, calm, lost, stubborn, insidious, cunning, king Chu, vanity. Stupid, cunning.

2. The language is vivid, and rhetorical devices such as metaphor, parallelism and contrast are used to enhance the expressive force of the language.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary and sublimation

Q: What enlightenment does Mozi's struggle with the King of Chu give us? Please contact the reality and talk about your opinion.

Students think and communicate.

Clear: This struggle shows that we should dare to fight in the face of the unjust war of big countries. On the one hand, we should expose their injustice morally and let them be completely discredited in public opinion; On the other hand, we should be fully prepared in strength so that their aggressive ambitions cannot succeed. This truth is not only proved by countless historical facts; And today is not without reference. If the country is weak and bullied, it will be beaten if it falls behind. In the international environment where power is rampant; Only by strengthening our strength can we be in an invincible position forever.

Distribution of intransitive verbs