The history of Xie Jia

One is from the surname Jiang, followed by Shen Bo, a descendant of Emperor Yan.

According to the Records of Surname Spectrum and Yuan He Shi Bian, it is said that the ancient tribal leaders passed it on to the descendants of Shang Dynasty, and the eldest son Boyi and his younger brother Shu Qi went to Zhou together.

At the weekend, they opposed Zhou Wuwang's crusade against Shang Dynasty. After the destruction of Shang Dynasty, King Wu fled to shouyangshan and died without eating Zhou Su, but their descendants stayed in Zhou Dynasty. To become the queen of succession, they named the descendants of Boyi as the empress of God, called Shenbo, the ancestor of Shenshi.

When King Li married Shen Bo's daughter as a princess, he gave birth to Xuan Wang. After Xuan Wang ascended the throne, he named his mother Shen Boshu in Xie Guo (now south of tanghe county, Henan Province, now Nanyang County, Henan Province).

In 688 BC, King Wen of Chu sent troops to attack Shen, and Shen was quickly destroyed.

According to the custom at that time, his descendants took the new city as their surname and called Xie's family, which was called authentic in history.

It's for Xie Jia in Henan.

Emperor Yan, known as Shennong in the world, is one of the pioneers of Chinese culture, admired by all dynasties and regarded as one of the pioneers by Xie.

As for Xie's ancestral home, many surname books say that he came from Yandi and was a descendant of the Jiang tribe.

For example, "Yuan He Shi Bian" Volume 9 to 40: "Xie, Jiang surname, Yan Di Yin.

"Tongzhi" volume 26 "Clan slightly 2" takes the country as the surname; The surname country of Zhouyi: ... Xie surname, Jiang surname, descendants of Emperor Yan.

Wan surname spectrum, Volume 1.

The voice of "Five" changed to "Two Two". "Thank you, Liu Chen, businessman.

Yes, Yin.

"

Emperor Yan is one of the human ancestors recognized by the Chinese nation, also known as Shennong.

Sima Qian wrote Historical Records, which was based on the Historical Book, but was not officially included in the Chronicle of the Five Emperors. He regarded the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun as five emperors, and attached Yan Di to the Yellow Emperor, so his name was not obvious.

Yan Di is the legendary ancient emperor, surnamed Jiang. Because he won the Fire King, he was called Yan Di.

It probably ruled earlier than the Yellow Emperor, so the history book records: "At the time of Xuanyuan, Shennong declined.

"But the so-called" decline "does not refer to Shennong itself, but to his tribe.

"Emperor Century" says: "Shennong's surname is Jiang, and his mother is Ren Si, a daughter with coke and a famous daughter; In order to be a little princess, I swam in Huayang, a dragon head and a feeling of Yan Emperor.

As an ox head, he is longer than Jiang Shui.

There is a virtue that governs the king with fire, so it is called Emperor Yan.

At first, Chen moved to Shandong.

Also known as the Kuikui family, Lianshan family and Lieshan family.

"

According to the Bamboo Book, "Emperor Yan was born in, so Jiang is the surname".

It is understood that the earliest activity area of Emperor Yan was in Jiang Shui.

Jiang Shui, in today's Qishan and Wugong areas of Shaanxi, belongs to the Weishui River Basin.

Yan Di tribes later migrated many times.

The above-mentioned "Emperor Century" said that Yandi was the "capital of early Chen", which is now Huaiyang County, Henan Province; He also said that "he moved to Shandong", which is Qufu in the southwest of Shandong.

There is another branch of Emperor Yan that develops southward. The chronicle of bamboo slips records: "Emperor Yan ... started from this steep mountain and was named Shanshi Lie.

"Lieshan later became Guo Li, which is located in Suizhou City, Hubei Province, bordering Tongbai County, Henan Province.

Historical Records of the Five Emperors says that the Yellow Emperor "fought against Emperor Yan in the wild of Han Spring".

Hanquan is located in the east of Zhuolu County in the northwest of Hebei Province. It can be seen that Yan Di's footprints have not only been to Shaanxi, Henan and Hubei, but also to Hebei.

As for the deeds of Emperor Yan's life, there are five main contributions: First, Bai Hutong: "Making thunder and teaching the people and farmers.

"Second," The Emperor's Century ":"I began to teach the world to grow crops, so I was named Shennong.

"Third, the" Taiping Yu Lan Zhong "is devoted to farming and pottery.

Fourth, Shang Jun Shuhuace: "In Shennong's world, men plow and eat, while women weave and wear.

Fifth, "Huai Nan Zi Xiu Wu Xun": "Shennong ... has tasted all kinds of herbs, and the water spring is bitter with sweetness ... and it is 70 poisons in one hundred days.

"

In recent years, investigators have discovered the Cishan-Peiligang culture and the old Guantai culture in the main activity area of Emperor Yan, more than 7,000 years ago and in the early Neolithic period, and unearthed a variety of polished stone farm tools such as stone axes, shovels and sickles (wooden farm tools are difficult to preserve), as well as grain processing tools such as stone grinding sticks and millstones and carbonized millet grains stored in caves. Emperor Yan created the agricultural culture of the Chinese nation.

Second, it came from Ren Shi after the Yellow Emperor.

According to Zuo Zhuan and Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames Books, the Yellow Emperor had twenty-five sons, with twelve surnames and the seventh surname as his successor.

Huangdi gave his son a surname, and Xie was given by the descendants of Huangdi.

As a result, another part of Xie's surname is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, and his surname was obtained after the Xia Dynasty.

Today, many people respect the Yellow Emperor as their ancestors and claim to be descendants of the Yellow Emperor.

In fact, this statement has a long history.

"Wang Songying Lin's urgent chapter" quoted Shi Ben as saying, "Thank you, Ren, for returning to the Yellow Emperor.

Shiben is a historical work written during the Warring States Period, which records surnames, lineages, capitals, etc. From the Yellow Emperor to the princes and doctors in the Spring and Autumn Period.

This is the earliest saying that Xie's family came from the Yellow Emperor.

On the surname of a thousand husbands, written by Hanwang, says: "There are twenty-five descendants of the Yellow Emperor, with twelve categories: Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Wei, Ren, Arrest, Li, Gu, Yi's wife, Ji Wang's concubine, and Xie, Zhang, Chang, Cai, Zhu, Jie and Quan.

Wang Fu is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. According to this record, it can be seen that some people in the Han Dynasty thought that Xie was behind the Yellow Emperor.

Road names and country names in Song history: "Thank you, Count.

"Jingzhou Ji": A hundred miles of Xiecheng in the northeast of Jiyang is.

Thanks for the water.

Jiyang City was in the northwest of Huyang in Tang Dynasty.

He also said, "The Sect of the Yellow Emperor: Ouyang Xiu's Xie Jiangming says: After the Yellow Emperor, it was destroyed last week to seal the gods ... See" Poetry and Gao Song ".

Its west is vast, and Zheng Gongyou said that there are 2,500 people in Kyushu who thank Xi.

"The above means that Xie is named after Xie Guo. After the Yellow Emperor, there was a vassal state and an earl.

By the end of the Zhou Dynasty, the land was Shenbo fief, and later generations took the country name as their surname.

Song and Deng's Dialectics of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times and Forty Horses: "Thank you, after the Yellow Emperor.

Ren Shi is different from the other top ten families, and Xie Ye ... Three generations of friends are gone. Until the poem "Gao Song", Ying Xie Yi gave Shen, Gaixie lost his country, and his descendants died, taking the country as his surname.

"

Third, his surname is his surname.

According to the biography of Tang people, there was a man named, who lived in Weizhou (now Qixian County, Henan Province, and moved to Jixian County in the first year of Tang Zhenguan, now Weihui City, Henan Province). As a full-time official in the Sui Dynasty, in the early years of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was asked to take countermeasures first (that is, excellent exam results). He was appointed as a bachelor of Tingzhi by Taizong Li Shimin and transferred to Wei Gongcao.

At that time, there were Li Bai's medical poems, which were good at fu and called harmony. It can be seen that Xie Yan was famous for his literature at that time.

Xie Yan's ancestor's real name was Zhile. According to Wen Yuan Biography of Old Tang Dynasty, his grandfather's name was Chang Qi in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and it was renamed Xie.

Zhile's family, also known as Chile's family and Chi Richi's family, came from Gaoche Department, one of the major northern ethnic minorities in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

Gaoche, a close relative of Xiongnu, belongs to Turkic language family in language, and was called Ding Ling in Han Dynasty.

In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xianbei and Rouran in the North called it Red Ear, and * * * called it Gao Che or Di Li because of its "vulgar riding of high-wheeled vehicles", and people in the Southern Dynasties still called it Dingling.

Zhile, Le Chi, Chi Li, Di Li and Ding Ling are all transliteration.

They were originally distributed in the areas of Angara River and Yenisei River in present-day southern Siberia, and then gradually moved south to reach the areas west of the Selenger River and east of Altai Mountain.

In the early Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was still in the era of tribal alliance at the end of primitive society. Later, because he often fought against the Northern Wei Dynasty, he gradually entered the class society.

In the 5th century, hundreds of thousands of Chileans defeated by the Northern Wei Dynasty were forced to move from Mobei to the south of the desert, and began to accept the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty and pay taxes for military service.

Unable to bear slavery, they took part in the resistance movement jointly launched by the people of all ethnic groups led by the leader Chen Hu at the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty. After overthrowing the Northern Wei Dynasty, it merged with the Han nationality.

Zhile people are bold and unrestrained, and they once held a national contest of tens of thousands of people around 460 AD. "Get together to worship, the crowd will reach tens of thousands. Will take off, kill animals, roam and sing. "

Later, Gao Huan, the Emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty, started a business and sang the "Chile Song", which was sung throughout the ages: "Chile Song, under the shady mountain, is like a vault, and the cage covers four fields.

The sky is wild, and the wind and grass move to see cattle and sheep.

"The vast grassland scenery in Wan Li and the fairy-like national life of Chileans are all in the song.

Later, the wise musicians who changed their surname to Xie came out of such a nation.

Before Xie Yan's father, Zhile Si, was renamed, Zhile had been given a surname.

For example, according to maoji and Biography of High Cars, in November of Tianxing three years (400 years), Li Jue, the head of Zhili Department, fell more than 900 times, was appointed General Yang Wei, was given the post of Sima, joined the army, and was given 20,000 welcome.

Zhou Shu Chen Xinchuan also said that in the first year of Wucheng in Ming Di in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (559), Chen Xin and Kaifu Chile celebrated their break with Wang Luansong.

Judging from the time, Chi Yueqing should be a contemporary of Xie Yanfu.

According to the custom of Gaoche people, tribal chiefs are handed down from generation to generation, so both Xie Yanfu and Chi Leqing may be descendants of Li Li, or one of them may take over the highest position of the tribe.

If this inference is correct, then Xie's Zhili government is in the Zhili tribe, and the Zhili who led the people to surrender to Wei is his blood ancestor.

In addition, there was a surname called She in the pre-Qin period, which was often written as Xie because it was homophonic with the word Xie. Later generations have the source of She's family, and historical records are different.

The genealogy of Wan's surname originated from the appearance of doctors in Jin Dynasty, and the textual research of surname originated from ancient officials. The annotation of Yan Shigu's Hanshu is regarded as a branch of Xie's annotation.

There is another case in which the surname Xie was changed: it was named the bank of Xieshui in the southwest of Luoyi. After Dong Wang moved to Luoyi, these people were forced to move eastward to Gongqiu County (now Ningyang County, Shandong Province).

To commemorate the old place, the new place is also called Xieqiu.

Later, Xie Qiu was taken as his surname.

Fourth, ethnic Xie:

Xie family in Fuling

Xie's ancestors lived in today's Pengshui County, Sichuan Province.

According to textual research, they may have come from Xie people who were moved to Jingshan by King Wen of Chu, and moved to Fuling around the Warring States Period, where they lived together with Ba people and some of them merged with Ba people.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a man named Xie Ben asked Danxing (now Qianjiang, Sichuan) and Han Jia (now East of Pengshui County) to set up Fuling County, which was approved. It can be seen that he has already had considerable influence in the local area.

According to the Eight Records of Yang Hua's Country in Jin Dynasty, in the 13th year (250) of the last ruler of Shu, Xu, the most favored man in Fuling, raised his soldiers and was killed by Deng Zhi, a general riding a chariot. "But he transferred his 5,000 family from Shu to hunting and shooting officials.

Defeat the weak generals Han and Jiang, and call their army to help the county.

Therefore, it is the most popular song in the world.

At the beginning of Jin Dynasty, the crossbow man moved to Lianshao, Feng Yi.

His nature is straightforward. Although he moved to other places, his customs have not changed. Up to now, there are Shu, Han, Guanzhong and Fuling, and the south still exists.

"That is to say, Xie, one of the four surnames of Fuling, was moved to Shu (now Chengdu, Sichuan) by Deng Zhibei because of Xu Ju's involvement, and served as a shooting officer or county army. Later, he was called the crossbow, and moved to Feng Yilianshao (now the northeast of Weinan County, Shaanxi Province) after Shu Han was pacified.

After two relocations, the Xie family in Fuling has more than 1000 people, which shows its great power.

It is precisely because of this migration that the Xie family in Fuling was divided into three parts, leaving footprints in Shu County and Fengyi.

As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, some members of the Xie family in Fuling merged with the local Baihuyi people, and some even became their leaders.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Chan tablet and other inscriptions, "White Tiger wangyi Xie Jie" is obviously one of them.

Baihuyi is one of the Ba people, and Fanxian is in the northwest of Guxian County, Sichuan Province, which is the migration place of Xie people.

After Deng Zhi moved to Xie's family in Fuling, a part of Xie's family left behind had moved south to the Central Plains.

"Huayang Guozhi Nanzhongzhi" said that Yongchang County has four surnames, Chen, Zhao, Xie and Yang, all of which are "the most popular surnames", which shows that the Xie family still maintains its dominant position after moving here.

Yongchang county is a vast area with Baoshan county in Yunnan as the center today, including northeast Myanmar.

Because the Xie family in Fuling lived in areas where ancient ethnic minorities lived together, they played the role of pioneers in ethnic integration very early.

As early as the early Eastern Han Dynasty, one of the southerners from Guizhou married the Pu people, Yue people and Liao people scattered in Guizhou today and became a tribal leader. Later, it evolved into three Xie Man in Sui and Tang Dynasties.

According to "Huayang Guozhi" and other books, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the hero (now northwest of Kaili County, Guizhou Province) and the most favored people in the county, such as Long, Fu, Yin and Dong Shi, defended themselves. Later, they heard that Emperor Guangwu set out from Hebei Province and sent people to bypass Panyu River (now the Pearl River) to pay tribute to the Han Dynasty.

Guangwu Emperor Kaji gave him the title of Yoshiro.

Since then, the Xie family has been passed down from generation to generation and developed into the most popular surname.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, Te Li, a Pakistani, proclaimed himself emperor according to Chengdu, and Wang Xun, the secretariat of Jinning, "wanted to move Xie Shu, the prefect of Qianke, to be the prefect of Fuling" to resist.

He is a native of Ke.

Later, Te Li's nephew Li Shou took control of the central and southern regions. Only the county was not used by Shou, so he kept the county as gold.

Soon, the Eastern Jin Dynasty destroyed Lee's regime, implemented the policy of detaining Yang Ke, and actually recognized Xie Shu's hereditary privilege to Yang Ke.

Therefore, they sent their children to other counties in the county to be officials, and let them be passed down from generation to generation, so that Xie's power in the county has developed more broadly.

For the sake of distinguishing, those who live in Nanzhuang County (now near Qingyan, Guiyang, Guizhou) are called Iola, those who live in the east of the county (now Sandu County, Guizhou) are called Dongxie, and those who live in the west of the county (now Zhenning, Guizhou) are called Xixie.

Later, in Sui and Tang Dynasties, because they lived in areas inhabited by barbarians, they used to call them Xie Man in the south, Xie Man in the east and Xie Man in the west.

Therefore, it is recorded in the Biography of Southern Man in the Old Tang Dynasty that Xie Man is in the east, and his land is hundreds of miles west of Guizhou, with Shougong in the south, Baiman in the west and Baiman in the north.

Its leader Xie is the first chief in the world, and the tribe respects and fears him.

In the third year of Zhenguan (629), Yuan went deep into Korea, taking his land as his country, and still deeply worshipped Yuan as a secretariat.

Xie Qiang, the leader of Iola, who was adjacent to Xixie, appeared before the court, worshiped the south and kept the secretariat, and later changed to Zhuang Zhou.

In addition, there are a series of records about Xie Man's activities in the Biography of Nan Man in the New Tang Dynasty. For example, in the third year of Wude (620), Xie was named Yangzhou Secretariat and Yelang County Duke; In the third year of Longshuo (663), there were 7,000 successful households in Changzhou. In the 10th year of Kaiyuan (722), the leader died, and he was made king by his grandson Xie Jiayi. In the middle age of Zhenyuan (785-805), Xie Shan became the secretariat of Qiongzhou (now Qionglai County, Sichuan Province); In the 13th year of Jian 'an (797), Xie Wen joined the army and worked as a document in (Pianyang) State. Wait a minute.

Their activity area and jurisdiction are mainly in the southeast of Guizhou.

San Sherman

"Man" is a general term for the southern nationalities in ancient China.

"Three thanks" refers to the east, south and west branches, and is named after its leader's surname Xie.

Sanxie Man was originally a branch, which moved from Fuling, Sichuan Province to some places in Guizhou Province and Guangxi since the Western Han Dynasty. Because it lives in Ke Jun County, it is commonly known as Shanke people.

They are engaged in farming in Shetian (that is, they burn the vegetation in the field and use plant ash as fertilizer for farming). They have no words, and they use wood carving as a contract to knock bronze drums at the banquet.

According to the fact that they have Wanshou, Galand, Guangtan, Wulian and other counties, the clan is huge and the chief is hereditary. After living in the Southern Dynasties, it was divided into three groups: Xie Man in the East, Xie Man in the South and Xie Man in the West. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, their leaders paid tribute to the Tang Dynasty and were once again formally ruled by the central dynasty.

According to the records of Old Tang Book and New Tang Book, in the Tang Dynasty, "Xie Man was in the east, and his land was hundreds of miles in western Guizhou (now Pengshui County, Sichuan Province), with bureaucrats in the south, Manchu in the west and Manchu in the north, and his chief was Yongkui".

In December of the third year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (629), he jumped over and thanked the leader of the East Man for paying tribute to the Tang Dynasty.

Taking Xie as the secretariat, the Tang Dynasty established Yingzhou (now Sinan and Dejiang in the northeast of Guizhou), which was under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Governor's Office.

During the same period, Xie Qiang, the leader of Southern Xie Man, also paid tribute to the Tang Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, Xie Qiang was appointed as the secretariat of the southern state and transferred to the secretariat of Guizhou, and changed to Zhuangzhou the following year (that is, near Nanqingyan, Guiyang, Guizhou).

Xi Xie Man is in Yizhou (now south of Zhenning Buyi and Miao Autonomous County, Guizhou Province), with Xie Shan as the leader. During the Zhenguan period, he was appointed as the secretariat of the Duke of Zhou (now northeast of xiuwen county, Guizhou).

Also, in the third year of Tang Wude (620), Xie ((Pianyang) Keman) was appointed as the governor of Zhizhou (now Northeast Caotang in Weng 'an County, Guizhou Province) and Yelang County (now Yelang County in the northwest of Zheng 'an County, Guizhou Province); In the third year of Longshuo (663), Juzhou (now Guiyang City, Guizhou Province) stabbed the history to thank the law and recruited 7,000 households, including comfort stations. In the 10th year of Kaiyuan (722), the punk leader Xie died and his grandson Xie Jiayi was sealed. Since then, his power has been seized by Zhao of Western Zhao.

Fang Li Qian, the territory under the jurisdiction of Sanxie Manchu, starts from today's Rongjiang County in the east, reaches the northeast of Guizhou in the north, borders Jianhe in the north, reaches Bazhai in the west and Guangxi in the south.

The Xie family in Guizhou is mostly Han, and some of them are integrated into Buyi, Zhuang and other ethnic minorities.

Yao Xie surname

Yao people mainly live in Guangxi and Hunan.

On the one hand, the origin of Xie's family is related to the Xie people who moved to Xie's tomb in the pre-Qin period, on the other hand, it is derived from the merger of Xie's family.

Yao people in Shihuiyao Village, Wantian Township, Lingui County, Guangxi Province have "General Feng Dongmen, a captain Jin Qi and Xie Sichong" in the Notes on Imperial Vouchers, which shows that there is a surname Xie among the local Yao people. According to the Records of Wugang Prefecture (Volume 53), the local Yao people mainly live in 13. Among them, those who live in the upper and lower Zhaping and Xiaomaxi formations all have Xie surname, which is a famous family. The Yao people in Lianshan County, Guangdong Province have surnames such as Pan, Zhao, Li, Feng, Deng, Huang, Xie, Wei and Qin, among which Xie, Wei and Qin are Zhuang and adopted by the Yao people.

In addition, since modern times, some Yao people have moved from Guangxi to the mountainous areas in northern Vietnam. They are called mountain demon people, while Vietnamese people are called good tourists.

They mainly come from eight surnames, one of which is Xie.

Xie family of Zhuang nationality

Zhuang nationality is mainly distributed in all parts of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and the Xie surname of Zhuang nationality is mainly merged from Xie Man's descendants.

In the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), Xie Bingyi, a native of Qingyun Village, Tangqin Township, Gui County, Guangxi Province, led an anti-Qing riot, and the participants were mainly Zhuang people with the same surname.

Dong Xie surname

Dong people are mainly distributed in the border areas of Guizhou, Hunan and Guangxi provinces, and the Sui and Tang Dynasties were the activities of Dong people.

Most of the East Xie Man later became the Han nationality, but a few of them developed into the Dong nationality together with the people of the West Xie Man tribe, among them, people with Xie as their surname.

Mainly living in Xinhuang, Hunan, Sanjiang, Guangxi and Yuping, Guizhou.

The Dong people in Xinhuang have five surnames: Yang, Wu, Yao, Long and Xie. During the Qing Dynasty (1736- 1795), some people moved northward to Tan District and Xiaoguan in Yi 'en County, Hubei Province, and built their own 15 Feishan Temple.

Xie is still one of the most popular surnames of the Dong people in the newly arrived places.

Manchu Xie surname

Xie surnamed * * *, who lived in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, became a subject and slave of the Manchu nobility due to the rise of the Qing Dynasty. In Manchu, "coating" or "coating Aha" refers to such people.

In addition to being domestic slaves, they are sometimes incorporated into the army.

If you are lucky, you can still find a part-time job.

For example, The History of Qing Dynasty says: "Xie Shi, Xie Chengzong, a coat man from Zhenghuangqi, lived in Shenyang, and served as a small seven school.

"Then he said," Xie, Xilin Bu and Zhenglan Banner are all full, so they are appointed as military schools.

"After nearly three hundred years of development and assimilation in the Qing Dynasty, most of their descendants were Han Chinese, but some of them were merged into Manchu.