The materials of Luo Cheng's life.

Luo Cheng, the seventh among the eighteen outstanding figures in Sui and Tang Dynasties, the eighth among the sixteen outstanding figures, and the seventh hero in Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties and Talking about Tang Dynasty.

In the historical novel Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties written by Chu people in the early Qing Dynasty, the son of Luo Yi, a native of Yanshan Mountain, and the son of Qin Qiong's cousin Luo were also fictional. Proficient in marksmanship, using the five-hook gun in the complete biography of Xing Tang. His family, Luo Chun, is a member of Tang Shuo's old family, and Luo Chun and Luo Song are both brothers of Luo Cheng in Quyi ballad "Walking in the Tang Dynasty", "Sui Tang" and "Heroes of the Crock".

In fact, the Chu people won the romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, and there was a young hero, Luo Shixin, who was very brave and was a fellow villager and friend of Qin.

There is no Luo Cheng in history. Most of his deeds are fiction in novels and storytelling, and some are based on Luo Shixin.

Luo Shixin and Luo Shixin existed in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and they have many similarities with Luo Cheng in the novel, so they are regarded as historical archetypes of Luo Cheng. McCullough and Luo Shixin agreed when editing this paragraph. Both of them use guns. They are brave and have high martial arts.

Luo Shixin stayed in Wagangjun in history, and so did McCullough.

After the defeat of Wagangjun, Luo Shixin took refuge in Wang, and McCullough also took refuge in him.

Shame on the king, Luo Shixin voted for Tang, so did McCullough.

In the fifth year of Wude (622), Luo Shixin led hundreds of people to confront Liu Heita. Eight days later, he was defeated, captured and killed. He is only in his twenties. In romance novels, McCullough was also killed by the same person in the same year and place, and died in his twenties.

(What needs to be distinguished is that Luo Shixin mentioned in the storytelling novel-that is, the stupid Hercules-can be regarded as another person and has little to do with Luo Cheng ...) Luo Cheng, Luo Shixin and other editors: Yun Mengze.

Listening to The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, there are several places that are quite confusing:

1. As a positive figure, Luo Chengzhi's cruelty in the Sui and Tang Dynasties is quite rare in romance novels.

2. McCullough is Qin Qiong's cousin and Luo Shixin is Qin Qiong's adopted brother. How can a storyteller have no imagination? They don't even change their surnames. What is the match between Luo and Qin?

3. Although Luo Shixin is the first of the four fierce, he basically belongs to the role of a walk-on. Luo Shixin's absence from Tang Shuo does not affect the development of the plot. Adding Luo Shixin to the storytelling makes the plot vivid, but it also brings contradictions in the plot: Since there are so many powerful people in Wagangshan, what are you afraid of, such as Yang Lin and Li Yuanba? This character seems to have been added later.

There is no such person as Luo Cheng in historical records, but the historical image of "silly hero Luo Shixin" does have many similarities with the image of Luo Cheng in the novel. Cai Dongfan's The Romance of Tang Shi said: "There is a Luo Cheng in popular novels, which is believed to have been misinformed by Luo Shixin".

1, "New Tang Book, Loyalty and Righteousness, Luo Shixin":

"Close relationship with Pei (Li) ... for the sake of (the king). The world loves its talents, and when it meets them, it will be … slightly rejected. Scholars believe in shame and martial arts, so they led thousands of people to surrender their ancestors ... from the king of Qin to Luoshui, Liu Heita ... and refused to die, at the age of 28. "

In the romance, Luo Cheng voted for Shi Biao's king, and also voted for Luoyang's Tang Dynasty, which was defeated in the battle of Liu Heita, unlike Luo Shixin. In addition, Qin Cheng returned to the Tang Dynasty at the same time, and Luo Cheng arrived later, which is also related to historical records. According to the New Tang Book, Qin Cheng once plotted to restore the Tang Dynasty, and Luo did not participate, so the time when Luo and Qin Cheng joined the Tang Dynasty should be different.

2. Luo Shixin, The Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Biography of Loyalty and Righteousness;

"In the first14th year ..... I beat a thief on the Weihe River ... and killed several people. I threw them at each level and stabbed them with one shot. All the thieves were afraid to speak loudly ... Every time I killed a thief, I had to take care of them and give them back for the test." "If you attack a daughter's fortress, there will be evil in the fortress, people who believe in it will be angry ... and there will be no class in the massacre."

Luo Chengzhi's meanness and viciousness in the novel are inseparable from Luo Shixin's deeds.

3. Luo Shixin, The Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Biography of Loyalty and Righteousness;

"People in Licheng, Jizhou ... let Zhang Xutuo lead his troops to beg for thieves. Shi Xin ... at that time 14 years old ... asked for self-efficacy ... and was killed by Shi Mi. Shi Xin and Pei became close friends, and he was in charge of the headquarters, so that all his subordinates could get the king. I was hit hard and saw Yu. The world loves its talents, meet them and sleep with them. After the secret will Taiyuan really wait. So the scholar's letter is a little sparse. Scholars believe in shame and martial arts, attracting more than a thousand people to surrender their ancestors. "

Luo Shixin, a fellow villager, voted for Zhang Xutuo, Pei, Wang and Li Yuan successively, which was exactly the same during the period. The close relationship between them can be imagined, which is also the reason why Qin and Luo were designed as cousins in Romance.

Tai and Cheng all defected to Wang after Shi Biao's defeat, so Luo Shixin's surrender should be earlier than Qin and Cheng's and before Shi Biao's defeat.

4. Luo Shixin/Kloc joined the army at the age of 0/4, and died in Wude five years (AD 622). There are two different views about him all the year round. According to Old Tang Shu and Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Luo Shixin was only twenty years old, while according to New Tang Shu, Luo Shixin was twenty-eight. In the decade of Great Cause (AD 6 14), Luo was either twelve or twenty years old when Zhang Xutuo was at war with. The former is absurd, but he should follow the latter. In those days, he followed Zhang Xutuo to attack Lu, but before that, he had followed the guards, and there was no special explanation such as "fourteen years", so he joined the army at a normal age, and his age should be older than Luo Shixin, so he regarded him as a brother. Luo Shixin's age is the origin of McCullough's young hero image.

5, "New Tang Book Loyalty and Righteousness Biography Luo Shixin":

"Fourteen years old, short and fierce, please help yourself. It must be suspected that it is invincible and rare. Scholar angry, heavy armor, left and right, get on the horse. You have to promise. If you are a thief on the Weihe River, you will only line up. You will rush into the thief camp with a spear, stab several people, throw them level by level, and pierce them with a spear, and all thieves will be afraid. You must make good use of it, you big thief. Scholars believe in driving north, and every time they kill a thief, their noses will be satisfied and they will be tested by their generation. You must sigh and leave your horse. In every battle, you must climb up first. I believe that the deputy is normal. "

Thus, Luo Shixin was regarded as a confidant by Zhang Xutuo at a young age, while Qin Qiong has no special records, so he should be a warrior. "History as a Mirror" Ten years ago, when Zhang Xutuo attacked Lu, it was recorded that "only Luo Shixin and Licheng Qin were invited", and the biography was specially changed. Luo Shixin ranked first. After the downfall of Shi Biao, Qin Qiong became a title of generals in ancient times, and Luo Shixin was the general manager of the department. There is no doubt that his position is higher than Qin Qiong's. This is why McCullough's martial arts is higher than Qin Qiong's.

For this conjecture, the following existing lyrics can be used as strong evidence:

The words of Tang Qin, a sage of Ming Dynasty: My name is Luo Mingcheng, and I believe it.

Beijing Opera "Luoguan" (part of Beijing Opera "Luocheng"): Luo Shixin suffocated in the dark, and the northwest wind made me cold.

Henan pendant "The Gua of the Book of Los Angeles": The Nihe River will not die in Luo Shixin, who will turn the white robe to protect the country?

In this way, McCullough and Luo Shixin refer to one person.

I want to read the story of Luo Shixin in novels and operas (Luo Guanzhong (? ) In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, only Luo Shixin did not have McCullough's name, but the passage of "Black Arrow Shooting Luo Shixin" is now the clue of Nihe). In the process of its spread, storytellers named it Luocheng (Cheng? ), and take scholar's heart as the word. However, this collocation is quite embarrassing, so it is often not used by storytellers like Qin Qiong Qin Baoshu. After McCullough was usurped the host's role, Luo Shixin was not widely known. Later, Luo Chengceng publicly put Luo (sincere-naturally? ) and other smoother new names, while Luo Shixin was reinterpreted as a fool, and Luo Shixin and Luo Chengsui were divided into two people. However, this modification is not fixed, probably because of rhyme. In some novels and operas, the original name of "Luo Shixin" is still reserved for Luo Cheng, so that we can have a glimpse and confirm our conjecture.

In addition, Se McCullough and his wife were tied together by their surnames, and Dou Jiande was changed to Li Shimin's uncle. There is no Se in the poems of the King of Qin in the Tang Dynasty, but it is said that Luo Cheng "studied under Li Ji and followed Qin Qiong in martial arts"; In McCullough's divination, there is a sentence "Visiting my father in Beiping at the age of ten". It can be seen that this McCullough image had nothing to do with Se at first, but later brought McCullough (Luo Shixin) and Se together through the plot of "visiting his father". However, the original "Luo Shaobao" did not grow up in Beiping (it should be from the perspective of taking care of historical facts). Later, because this statement was not round or conflicted with other plots, it gradually changed to the present situation. Besides, Luo Yi's father was named Luo Rong in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, while Luo Shixin's father was named in Lian Liru's ballad The Great Sui and Tang Dynasties.