Ho Choi, a great figure in the history of China, the first counselor of the Northern Wei Dynasty (I)

Ho Choi, the first god in the Northern Wei Dynasty, is one of the great figures in the history of China, and Zhuge Liang and Wang Meng are absolutely not to be outdone.

In short, astronomy, geography, history, politics, military affairs, culture ... everything is known, and this person is white and delicate, just like a woman, and his speech is elegant and meaningful. If you want to find a person to compare in history, only Sean in the Han Dynasty, even Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms, is far behind. Ho Choi really compared himself with Sean, and experienced three dynasties successively, namely Taizong Tuoba GUI, Taizong Tuoba Si and Shizu Tuoba Tao, which made great contributions to the prosperity of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Throughout the history of the rise of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he faced many important choices. Every time, Cui Hao points out the maze from a unique perspective. Only in this way can the ships of the Northern Wei Dynasty finally sail for Luoyang and merge into the vast Tang Chao of the Chinese nation. Therefore, this man made a contribution to the later generations of China people, and deserves the admiration and worship of all China people.

See what this peerless master can do.

During the reign of Emperor Daowu Tianxing, Ho Choi served as a secretary and writer, and Tuoba GUI was always around because he was good at writing. At that time, Tuoba GUI was very serious. If anything was wrong, courtiers would blame him, so most of them fled and hid. Only Ho Choi pretends to be diligent, and sometimes he doesn't go home all day. Tuoba GUI knew about it and specially ordered people to cook porridge for him. Faced with such a harsh monarch, he was not afraid at all and devoted himself to his work. It can be seen that this person is extremely upright and upright, and he is definitely a Confucian gentleman described by Mencius.

Tuoba GUI, the successor of Daowudi, was Yuan Di Tuoba Si of the Ming Dynasty. This person is more elegant and studious than Tuoba GUI, especially fond of Yin and Shu. He often listened to Ho Choi's Book of Changes and Hong Fan's Five Elements Theory, and also asked Ho Choi to divine and explain astronomy. Ho Choi just took this opportunity to show his talents. While he was poor in the study of heaven and man, he inferred the evolution of things, and most of them came true, from a scholar to a great god. Tuoba Si is almost superstitious about Ho Choi. He should discuss all military affairs with him before making a decision.

In the second year of Shenrui, there was a great famine in the Northern Wei Dynasty in 4 15. At that time, officials and relatives suggested moving the capital to Yecheng, Hebei Province, which is now Linzhang County, southeast of Handan. In this way, the Northern Wei Dynasty was faced with the choice of national luck for the first time: whether to stay in the northern grassland or move into the eastern plain.

Ho Choi and another official, Zhou Lian, advised: "If the country moves its capital to Yecheng, it may be able to solve the urgent need, but it is not a long-term solution, because most people in the East think that China is in a vast grassland, and there are countless cattle, sheep and other livestock, so it is called herd cattle. If we go south, our numbers and property will be exposed. Moreover, people in exile must be depressed. The enemies around us will definitely despise us when they hear about it. Barbarians such as Qugai and Rouran will also be killed one after another, and our capital, Yunhe and Pingcheng, will be in danger. At that time, our troops on the Eastern Front will be separated by thousands of miles in Hengshan and Daizhou, and it will be very difficult to help them. Therefore, it is better to stay in the north. Suppose something happens in the East, we will ride south to show off our deterrent. No one knows our details, and we must convince the people. This is a long-term strategy for the state to control China. " Upon hearing this, TaBaSi was deeply justified. He also asked Ho Choi: "What if it is not mature until next autumn?" Ho Choi and others replied, "We can arrange for the poor in the three states of Shandong to share food first. If not, then find another way. " Tuoba Si listened to the suggestions of the two men, and settled the poor in the three states of Shandong, and separated the grain reserves of the three states for resettlement. As a result, the next year, he met a mature year.

The first national disaster was so skillfully solved by Ho Choi and others, which was considered as a geographical crisis, followed by an astronomical crisis.

One year before Yao Xing died in the Western Qin Dynasty, Taishiling, who was in charge of the astronomical calendar in the Northern Wei Dynasty, said, "The comet suddenly disappeared overnight. I don't know where it is, and the country is afraid of being rumored. " Mars, because of its red color, symbolized the bonfire of war and the blood of death in ancient times. Tuoba Si was very surprised after hearing this, so he called a dozen learned scholars and historians together to find out what was going on. Ho Choi made some inferences according to the ancient astronomical calendar, and came to the conclusion that he was deluded into the State of Qin, that is, Xianyang occupied by Yao Xing. In other words, Yao Xing is in trouble. At that time, all the people changed their colors, saying that the stars in the sky were all lost, so how could mortals know where they had gone and how could they talk nonsense? Ho Choi just smiled. After more than 80 days, Yingying really appeared on the land of Qin, and the land of Qin really suffered from severe drought. The water in Xidi and Kunming pools dried up, and then all kinds of rumors appeared. The following year, Yao Xing died of illness, and the two sons clashed. Three years later, it was finally wiped out by Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expeditionary Army. Under this all gasp in admiration, admit that Ho Choi knowledgeable, is by no means what they can reach.

This is the second move of the Great God. If there is a move, it will be accurate, and it will specialize in all kinds of dissatisfaction.

After geography and astronomy, it's the turn of the military. This time, the Northern Wei regime ushered in a super-strong enemy-Emperor Wu of Song, and Wan Li was swallowed by the tiger.

At this point, Yao Xing had died, and Yao Hong succeeded to the throne. Emperor Wu of Song, a powerful figure in the South during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, could not help feeling lonely. Launching the war of cutting Qin requires going upstream from the lower reaches of the Yellow River and entering Xianyang in the west. At this time, there was a quarrel in the northern Wei court, and officials talked about it one after another: "Hangu Pass is said to be a danger in the world. Even if one person is fighting, it is difficult for everyone to enter. How can Liu Yu's ship infantry enter? " Suppose we cut off the back road and they don't attack, even if they want to retreat. But if they want to go to the north bank, it's easy. Maybe they just threatened to attack Yao Hong, but the real purpose is hard to guess. Now, if they lend them waterways, they will indulge their purpose. This is definitely unacceptable. They should send troops to defend the Yellow River waterway and stop them from going west. "TaBaSi seems reasonable, want to listen to these suggestions. Ho Choi said, "This is not the best policy. At that time, Sima Xiuzhi and others in the Eastern Jin Dynasty had been harassing Jingzhou. Emperor Wu of song had gnashed his teeth and hated it. Now that Yao Xing is dead and his son is dying, Emperor Wu of Song wants to take advantage of the chaos to make a crusade. I think what they mean is to enter the customs. These tough and cruel people often ignore the future trouble. If we block their way in the west, they will definitely go ashore and attack us in the north, so Yao Hong is fine, but we are facing a strong enemy. Now, with the constant invasion, the people are short of food. If we send troops to intercept southerners, the softness of the north will inevitably attack, and if we rescue the north, the eastern States will be in danger again. So it is better to lend them water, indulge Emperor Wu of Song's westward advance, and then send troops to block their eastward advance. This is what Bianzhuang did, killing two birds with one stone. Suppose Liu Yusheng wins, he will be grateful that we took advantage of Tao. Assuming Yao Hong wins, we will also save our neighbors. Even if emperor Wu of song gets the Guanzhong, it is impossible to keep it so far, and it will eventually belong to us. So now, we don't have to work hard, just watch the tiger fight across the mountain and see if it succeeds or fails. This is the best policy. "

Ho Choi's analysis is so thorough that his ministers still don't listen. They thought that Yao Hong's army wouldn't help if Emperor Wu of Song entered Guanzhong and went to the Northern Wei Dynasty, so Emperor Wu of Song raised his voice to the west, which was actually the Northern Wei Dynasty. Tuoba Si was amazed at Ho Choi's astronomical and geographical talents, but he didn't believe Ho Choi's military talents, so he listened to the opinions of ministers and sent Stuart Sun Changsong to lead the troops to attack the water army of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. That is to say, he is going to see the army god of that era-Song Wudi.

Let's ignore how stupid his decision is. The greatest significance of this campaign is to give future generations a chance to see the confrontation between the Northern Wei Tieqi, the predecessor of the most powerful "Six Towns Army" at that time, and the most powerful northern government soldiers in the south of the Yangtze River.

The war went on roughly like this: in 4 17 AD, Emperor Wu of Song's navy went west along the Yellow River, and the cavalry of the Northern Wei Dynasty pursued harassment all the way along the north shore. Once the tracker of the confederate army fell into the water, it was immediately killed by the northern army. In this way, the two sides finally ushered in the moment of fighting. Emperor Wu of song's fleet landed on a flat river bank first, and 700 soldiers drove and controlled 100 chariots. Form a "moon array" on the shore, with the arc facing outwards and surrounded by shields until the water at both ends is sealed, and then 2000 soldiers enter the center of the "moon array" with strong bows and arrows.

At first, the North Army didn't understand or know what the South Army was doing. Then it reacted and started a storm. The Confederate army was originally weak in bow and arrow, which lured the Confederate army to attack. The Union Army was indeed deceived by the Confederate Army, and 30,000 troops swarmed in, trying to eat the Confederate Army in one fell swoop. At this time, the strong crossbow of the confederate army began to exert its strength, and the arrow was like a migratory locust. A large number of arrows in the northern army fell, but this aroused the morale of the northern army and fought to the death.

The next war is very important, but the introduction of Purple Tongzhi Sword is very abstract. It is said that Zhu Chaoshi, the Lord, broke his long arm into three or four sections and then hammered it with a hammer. This seems a little hard to understand. There are two possibilities for guessing: one is to shoot the broken arm with a strong crossbow and move the crossbow mechanism with a hammer; However, the latter possibility seems to be a little bigger. The northern army has attacked the array and squeezed in front of the chariot, but it can't be squeezed in at the moment. At this time, the Confederate army stabbed a broken needle from the shield hole, and later generations hit it with a hammer, so that a broken needle could run through several northern armies-the war scene was terrible, and the northern armies were strung together like candied haws. According to historical records, this is generally the case. Anyway, the Southern Army only sent less than 3,000 people, and the powerful Northern Wei fighters were strung into candied haws, and the Northern Wei was defeated.

Facts have proved that the northern government soldiers in the period of Emperor Wu of Song were absolutely world-beater, and TaBaSi was also convinced that he had lost, only regretting that he had not followed Ho Choi's advice. In this way, apart from astronomy and geography, Ho Choi is as unpredictable as the enemy militarily.

But a war means nothing. Someone will soon test the quality of Ho Choi's army god. That is Wang Yi, commander-in-chief of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He suggested that TaBaSi send troops to cut off Emperor Wu of Song's eastward retreat. This makes TaBaSi heart move. However, with a lesson from the past, he never dared to expect anything. He asked Ho Choi, "Emperor Wu of Song has arrived in Tongguan. Can he attack the next official? " Ho Choi replied: "In those days, Yao Xing had a good name, but it was not practical. Now his son Yao Hong is sick and has long been a traitor. Emperor Wu of song took advantage of people's danger and was brave and fearless. It will definitely be conquered. "

Tuoba Si asked again: "Who has stronger military ability, Emperor Wu of Song or Mu Rongchui?" This is a very interesting question. Who was the better of the two God of War in the Northern and Southern Dynasties? As the commander-in-chief of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuoba Si was also very interested. Ho Choi replied that Emperor Wu of Song won, and TaBaSi asked why. Ho Choi said: "Mu Rongchui inherited the capital of his father, ancestors and other generations, and was born with aristocratic status. Similar people have come to vote one after another, and with a little effort, he can make contributions. But Emperor Wu of Song was born in poverty, without an inch of land, and without a single soldier obeying orders, he was able to destroy Huan Xuan in the north, capture Murong Chao alive, and destroy Lu Xun and Sun En in the south. What is certain is that if Liu Yurong can pacify and return Yao Qin, he will usurp the Eastern Jin regime of Sima Shi. It's just that Qin and foreign countries live together, with different customs and hard feelings to change. If you want to use the weathering of Jingyang and other southern places to control the land of Sanqin, it is like flying without wings and walking without feet. That's impossible. If you send someone to stay, it's only to help the enemy. Therefore, as long as we strengthen military training and recuperate, once they come back, Qin will become all of us, and we can easily control and guard it. " Tuoba Si asked again: "Emperor Wu of song has entered the customs, and he can't enter or return. If I send elite troops south to attack Pengcheng and Shouchun, how can Emperor Wu of Song stand on his own feet? " Ho Choi said: "There are still two powerful enemies in the northwest. Your majesty can't lead the army himself. Although our military strength is strong, there are no famous soldiers like Han Qi and Bai Qi. Although Stuart has the ability to govern the country, he is not the enemy of Emperor Wu of Song. I think we should wait. Don't be too late. "

How accurate is Ho Choi's analysis of current events?

Later, the actual situation was: Yao Qin faced Emperor Wu of Song, basically did not have the strength to fight back, and was quickly eliminated; After Emperor Wu of Song occupied Guanzhong, he quickly returned to Shi Jiankang without waiting for his ass to sit hot, usurped Sima's Eastern Jin regime and established the Liu and Song Dynasties. After Emperor Wu of Song left Chang 'an, he appointed his youngest sons Liu Yizhen, Wang Zhene, Shen Tianzhi and other generals to stay behind, and was soon defeated by Helian Bobo in the north. Forty thousand troops are exhausted-this is a miracle, and it is definitely more accurate than the fortune-telling of the blind.

After listening to Ho Choi's above analysis, Tuoba Si said with a smile: "It seems that Ai Qing has made a thorough analysis." Ho Choi said: "I personally analyzed the figures in modern times and dared not tell the emperor that Wang Meng was the Guan Zhong of Fu Jian;" Murong Ke assisted the young master, who was Huo Guang of Murong Yong; Emperor Wu of Song put down the rebellion, and that was Cao Cao of Sima Dezong. Tuoba Si asked, "What kind of person was Ai Qing to the late emperor? "It's straight to the point, so your Ho Choi is the first emperor of this dynasty? Ho Choi didn't dare to boast, so he said humbly, "Mao used a simple man from Mobei to enter the middle-earth land in the south, change customs and merge with the four seas, which can be compared with Fuxi Shennong. How can I rely on his fame? " Tuoba Si asked again, "What about Qu Gai? "This Qu Gai also has a title in Wei Shu:" Qu Ghost ",which refers to Helian Bobo (son of Liu), the leader of Xiongnu, who founded the Xia State in Tongwan City. Tuoba Si greatly despised him and changed his name to "Qu Gai" and "Qu Gui", which means humble and shameless. Ho Choi said, "After Qu Gai's country was destroyed, a man sent a letter to others and was sealed by Yao Xing. He didn't want to strengthen himself and avenge himself, but turned against Rouran and betrayed Yao Xing. He is really a villain, without strategy and cruelty, and will eventually be destroyed by others. " Tuoba Si was very happy. He chatted with Ho Choi until late at night and gave Ho Choi ten bottles of wine and one or two refined salts. He said, "I heard your words, just like this salt and wine." "

After three years in Thailand, a comet crossed the sky, and now something has happened. The ancients always taboo comets, thinking that they are broomsticks-a symbol of disaster. Tuoba Si then summoned all Confucian scholars and alchemists to ask which country the disaster would befall. Who knows that with the experience of the fluorescent star, everyone will save trouble, and Ho Choi will be elected to answer. Ho Choi is no longer polite. After some excuses, he went straight to the point and thought that Hanshu once recorded that there were comets coming and going before Wang Mang usurped the throne, which was exactly the same as the present situation. It should be a sign that Emperor Wu of Song will usurp the Eastern Jin Dynasty. No one can refute Ho Choi's point of view.

In the fifth year of Taichang, Emperor Wu of Song abolished its master Sima Wende and established the Liu and Song Dynasties instead. At that time, Tuoba Si was shooting birds in the brine pool in the southeast. When he heard this, he immediately summoned Ho Choi and said, "What Ai Qing said a few years ago really came true. Today I finally believe in heaven. "

I can't help it. God can't be more sacred!

According to Wei Shu, most of the imperial edicts and letters were kept by Ho Choi. However, Ho Choi doesn't like writing articles. Instead, he devotes himself to studying the national laws and classics, compiling and recording various social orders, which seems to have the tradition of legalism. Therefore, he doesn't like the techniques of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and thinks that they are illusory and not in line with human feelings. There is a foreshadowing here: Ho Choi of Tuoba Sishi did not agree with Taoism, and naturally he did not agree with Taoism. Why did he praise Kou's Taoism when he arrived in Tuoba Tao?

Leave this foreshadowing for the future

Tuoba Si always suffers from dizziness and dreaminess. In today's words, he was a little fidgety, so he sent a eunuch to ask Ho Choi privately: "I have been suffering from this disease for many years, and any treatment is useless. I'm afraid that something will happen suddenly. What should I do now that my son is still young? And imagine my future plan for me. " Ho Choi first comforted TaBaSi: "Your Majesty is only young and promising, and the country is just thriving. As long as moral policies are applied to eliminate disasters, the dragon will naturally recover. If you really want me to say something, I'll talk nonsense. Since our ethnic group Longxing, we have not paid attention to the establishment of Chu Jun, so at the beginning of your accession to the throne (because you have not experienced the training process in Chu Jun), your country was already quite dangerous. Therefore, it is still necessary to set up the East Palace as soon as possible, and choose those loyal ministers who your Majesty usually relies on as the teachers of the Prince, and those loyal ministers who your Majesty values as the guests and friends of the Prince. The prince is the prime minister. When he goes out, he must command the three armed forces, supervise the country and take care of the army. In this way, your majesty can idle away, refresh his mind, take medicine and treat diseases. Long live you in the future, the country will have a ready-made monarch, and the people will be at ease. The prince wants to have children, which is also a great gift from past dynasties. Now Tao, the eldest son of the emperor, is doing well in all aspects. If he can ascend to the position of Chu Jun, it will be a blessing in the world. "

Tuoba Si listened to Ho Choi's suggestion, so he asked Ho Choi to inform the ancestral temple, appointed Tuoba Tao as Chu Jun, and listened to politics in the main hall. Situ Song, Jin, Beixin public security officers were the lieutenant, and Qiu was the right commander, riding on horseback. Tuoba Si once took refuge in Nishinomiya, often spying on the situation quietly and listening to Tuoba Tao's on-site decision-making. Tuoba Si was very happy after hearing this, and said to the left and right courtiers, "With the assistance of these six people, you and I can travel around the world and win the world." Princes come to play mystery from time to time. Tuoba Si said, "This is not what I know. It should depend on your country. "

I can see you, TaBaSi put off a heavy burden. Few people are so disgusted with the emperor's throne. Much like Tang Gaozong Li Zhi later, he also suffered from headache and dizziness. He can only accept the throne of Empress Wu Zetian, and even once wanted to give it to Wu Zetian. It is conceivable to what extent it was rejected. It seems that the emperor's position is not easy to sit, and he must have a good figure.

Throughout Tuoba Siji, it is actually according to Cui Haokai's prescription. In Tuoba Si's eyes, Ho Choi is "good at meeting heaven and man", omniscient, omniscient and almost incredible.

No worries, Tuoba Si decided to give it a try at the last moment of his life. At this time, it happened that the mighty Emperor Wu of the Southern Dynasties passed away. Tuoba Sisi thought the time was ripe and decided to go south, but he was opposed by Ho Choi. The enterprising Tuoba Si was a little angry and asked Ho Choi, "Why did Emperor Wu of Song destroy his country when Yao Xing died? Now that Emperor Wu of Song is dead, I can't crusade?" This is the use of Ho Choi's logical thinking and the reversal of responsibility. Ho Choi replied: "At that time, when Yao Xing died, the situation was different from today. The two sons are fighting, the brothers are fighting, and Emperor Wu of Song can take the opportunity to crusade. " Tuoba Si was very angry. If he didn't listen, he was sent to the south. He consulted in front of the prison army and said, "Do you attack the city or plunder the land first?" Jin believes that the city should be attacked first, but thinks: "Southerners are good at guarding cities. If they attack the city first, if they fail, their morale will be hit. It is better to plunder the land first, send people to guard the business all the way, and let the sliding platform and tiger prison be trapped in our north. When they are cornered, they must go east along the river, otherwise they will become turtles in a jar. "

However, the leaders of the Northern Wei Dynasty thought that the city should be attacked, so Jin crossed the Yellow River and took the lead in attacking the sliding platform. This Western Jin Dynasty was a great warrior of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He is invincible in frontal combat, but siege is not his strong suit. After a long coasting attack, he failed to win and had to ask for reinforcements. TaBaSi great anger, personally southern Shuaijun, Ho Choi as the mastermind.

When the coach came back, Ho Choi followed Tuoba Si to Xihe and Taiyuan, and stood on a high platform overlooking the mountains and rivers. At that time, he was quite emotional, so he talked with his colleagues about the gains and losses of various places and the right and wrong of dynasties. Tianshikou communicates with him every time, and listens to him talk about the disadvantages of the past and the present. He often stays up all night and is tireless. He can't help but admire and say, "These words are too reasonable, but today's people's congresses pay more attention to the present and ignore the long-term, so they can't seriously examine them. I have lived in seclusion for a long time, ignoring worldly things, and I will be given a "magic formula" by fate. I have benefited a lot from listening to you now. But I know too little about ancient thoughts, and I am inevitably confused when I meet something. I hope you can write a governance model for kings of past dynasties and list the gist. " Ho Choi later wrote more than 20 books, telling the stories of people who have changed greatly over the years.

Tuoba Si died and Tuoba Tao succeeded to the throne.

This is the first half of Ho Choi's life. From Tuoba GUI to Tuoba Si, Ho Choi has evolved from a down-to-earth secretary and writer to a great man who knows everything. His talent expanded from astronomy and geography to military judgment, and his reasoning was accurate.

In this way, with his help, Tuoba's family in the Northern Wei Dynasty effectively survived the initial famine, correctly confronted the dispute between Yao and Qin in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the West, avoided the limelight of Emperor Wu of the army, and even established the candidate of the prince, established the pattern of the court's auxiliary government, ensured the smooth transition of the regime, and laid an excellent situation for the military campaign in the second half of Tuoba's family.

At the same time, Ho Choi also lost no time in supporting Taoism and promoting Taoism to become the state religion of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which laid a political foundation for us to see this hanging temple today.