How did the eight-character evaluation of Confucius come from "self-denial, self-respect, and eternal teacher"?

After investigation, your comments on these characters are all from a book called Water of Canglang written by Chi Yongchang, but most of them have their own sources or allusions. The answer is as follows:

(1) "Self-denial is the teacher of all ages": "Self-denial is the teacher of all ages" means "self-restraint, so that everything you do meets the requirements of etiquette", from The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan: "Confucius said:' Self-denial is benevolence. A day of self-denial and self-denial, the world will return to benevolence. "A model for all ages": Its meaning was first seen in The History of the Three Kingdoms, Emperor Wendi of Wei Zhi: "In the past, Zhong Ni was a great sage, and he was a model for hundreds of millions of years ..." Praise Confucius as an example for future generations. In the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi personally inscribed the official script plaque "Model of the World" and hung it on the beam of Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple. Since then, people have praised Confucius as a model of all previous dynasties.

(2) "Giving up one's life for righteousness, believing in goodness": all from Mencius, praising Mencius in his own words. "Give up one's life for righteousness" comes from Mencius Gaozi: "Life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, you have to give up your life for justice. " It means that "life" and "righteousness" are both my desires, but if I can't balance them, I would rather sacrifice my life for "righteousness". The literal translation of "believing in goodness and goodness" is "well said, good nature!" Faith, really, really. "Good nature" is an important theory of Mencius, which holds that human nature is good, which can be found in many articles such as Mencius Gaozi.

(3) "How can I regret being exiled by Chu Huaiwang because I am loyal to my motherland?" It means "how sad it is that Qu Yuan is loyal to his country!" Qu Yuan's deeds can be found in Historical Records, Biographies of Qu Yuan and Biographies of Jia Sheng, so I won't introduce them here.

(4) "The writer speaks more than Mount Tai": It was praised by Sima Qian and written by Sima Qian. The original text of "for a family" is "when studying heaven and man, we can learn from the changes of ancient and modern times and become a family statement." It shows that he is serious in writing historical records, and he wants to write historical records into immortal works with his own unique point of view. The original text of "heavier than Mount Tai" is: "People are inherently mortal, or heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather." Here, Sima Qian told his friend Ren An that the reason why he was castrated instead of committing suicide was to finish his masterpiece Historical Records with humiliation. It's lighter to die like this before you finish writing historical records.

(5) "Innocent in the heart, innocent in the outside": See Ji Kang's Cloth: "Innocent in the heart, innocent in the outside, not for the benefit, not for the official benefit, look at the past and the present, and tidy up your feelings." It means "have a clear conscience to yourself and never violate the secular moral requirements to others."

(6), "Rich clouds, picking chrysanthemums is also fun": "Rich clouds" comes from The Analects of Confucius: "Unjust letting wealth and fame drift by like clouds." The general idea is: "Wealth and power gained by improper means are like floating clouds in the sky to me." "Picking chrysanthemums is also fun": from Tao Yuanming's poem "Drinking": "Picking chrysanthemums under the fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan". It shows Tao Yuanming's noble sentiment of being indifferent to fame and fortune.

(7) "Proud to laugh at the king, strong in heart": describe Li Bai's arrogance of contempt for powerful people. This is reflected in Li Bai's behavior and many poems, such as "Ah, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials whose sincere faces will never be seen!" Later, he offended powerful people, left the court of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and was finally exiled to Yelang. Therefore, the author uses "empty hands" to express sympathy and regret.

(8) "Worrying about the Galaxy, the world will last forever": "Worrying about the Galaxy" praises Du Fu's national righteousness, just like a bright star; "Eternal" means that Du Fu's reputation has spread widely for a long time.

(9) "Gentleman's wind, flowing through the ages": It is a compliment to Su Shi's "Gentleman's wind" and has influenced several generations. "Ze" and "Moisturize" are the solutions to education.

(10) "I am afraid even when I am dead, but my heart is red." It is a tribute to Wen Tianxiang's patriotic spirit of death. "The History of Shan Xin" comes from Wen Tianxiang's poem "Crossing Lingdingyang": "No one has died since ancient times, so it is a new history." Everyone is familiar with it, so I won't explain it much.

(1 1) "ninja, walk through the snow without trace": there is no other allusion or source for these two sentences. Literally, they described and praised Cao Xueqin for enduring setbacks and poverty, and finished the famous novel A Dream of Red Mansions. And praised "A Dream of Red Mansions" for being well written and flawless, just like walking through the snow without leaving a trace.

(12) "Shoulder to shoulder with the country, courage and courage in Kunlun": Praise Tan Sitong's patriotic spirit of taking the world as his duty, which is as admirable as the majestic Kunlun Mountain. "The Kunlun of Liver and Gallbladder" comes from Tan Sitong's poem inscribed on the prison wall: "Laughing at heaven with a horizontal knife, life and death are two Kunlun."

(13) "When the mountain rises, the scenery stops. Although it is out of reach, the heart yearns for it": This is the last expression of Chi Yongchang's admiration for the above characters. These people are as high as mountains, and I have to look up; They walked like Tian Tong Avenue with no end in sight, so I had to follow them from a distance. Although I can't be as tall, walk so fast and walk so far as they are, my heart yearns for them! Jingxing: Tao. Scene, meaning.

I typed the answer word for word while thinking. I'm exhausted.