What is the main content of "Tao" in China ancient literature?

Taoism in ancient literature basically focuses on the content of Tao Te Ching,

The first chapter is Tao, which is unusual. The name can be named. It's very famous. The beginning of the nameless world, the mother of all things. Therefore, there is often no desire to see its wonders; I often want to see (jiao). The two have the same name, and they are called mystery, mystery, mystery, and all the wonderful doors. Chapter II It is universally acknowledged that beauty is beauty and evil is self-defeating. As we all know, goodness is good, but it is not good. Therefore, whether there is a phase or not, it is difficult to bring out the best in each other, the length is consistent, the height is oblique, and the sound is in harmony. It is based on the words that saints teach by doing nothing; Everything is done without hesitation, born without it, done without relying on it, alive and successful. It is impossible for a husband to live in a house. The third chapter is not Shang Xian, so that the people do not dispute; Expensive and rare goods, so that people do not steal; If you can't see what you want, you won't be chaotic. It is the rule of saints, which can hollow out their hearts, strengthen their bellies, weaken their aspirations and strengthen their bones. It often makes people ignorant and have no desire. Make the wise dare not do it. If you do nothing, you will die. The fourth chapter is that Tao is useless and as profound as the Sect of all things; It seems that chén (pen name "Shen") may exist if he is frustrated, resolved, reconciled with his light and brought with him his dust. I don't know whose son it is, like the former emperor. The fifth chapter is that heaven and earth are ruthless, and everything is a grass dog; Saints are ruthless and treat people like pigs. Between heaven and earth, is it still charming? Empty and unyielding, move out. It is better to stay in the middle than to talk too much and calculate too little. The sixth chapter is the immortal god Gu, named Xuanzang. The gate of Xuanzang is the root of heaven and earth. If it is continuous, it is not often used. Chapter VII Forever and ever. The reason why heaven and earth can last long is that they are not born by themselves, so they can live forever. It puts saints and bodies first; Living outside your body. It is not because of its selflessness that it can be selfish. Chapter 8: Good as water. Water is good for all things without dispute, and evil for all, so it is a few words. Living in a good place, kind-hearted, kind-hearted, good at words, good at governance, good at doing things, good at dealing with people. Husband is just indisputable, so there is nothing special. Chapter 9: It is better to persist than to have it; If you are sharp, you can't keep it for long. Happy from now on, can't keep it; Being rich and arrogant is to blame. When retiring, heaven is also. Chapter 10 Hold the camp spirit, can you leave? Can you still be a baby when you are weak? Can you get rid of Ji' an, flawless? How can you be ignorant of loving the people and governing the country? Can Tianmen be opened and closed for women? Knowing Starr, can you do nothing? A living animal. Being born with nothing, doing without relying on it, and being long without killing it, is called Xuande. Chapter 11 30-spoke * * * one hub (G incarnation), when it is not available, there is a car. Shān zhí thinks it is a device, and it is useful when it is not. Chisel the door (yǒu) as a room, and if there is nothing, there is a room. Therefore, thinking is beneficial, but thinking is not. Chapter XII Five-color blindness, Five-tone deafness, Five-flavor refreshing, galloping wild hunting, and rare goods harming people. It's the saint's stomach, not his eyes. Go and get this somewhere else. Chapter 13 If you are shocked by humiliation, you are in big trouble. What is being humiliated and surprised? Spoiled, you will be surprised when you get it, and you will be surprised when you lose it and lose face. What does it mean to be in danger? I have a big patient because I have a body and I don't have a body. What is wrong with me? Therefore, you are the world, if you can send it to the world; Love is the world, if it can support it. Chapter 14 If you don't see it, it's easy; If you hear it, call it Xi; If you don't know it, it's called Wei. These three are not to blame, so they are confused. There is nothing wrong with it (ji m: o), but there is nothing wrong with it. The rope is indescribable and belongs to nothing. It means no shape, no image, no meaning. I saw it without its head, and then it disappeared. Only by keeping the road of the past can we resist the present. Knowing the ancient times means knowing oneself. Chapter 15 The goodness of ancient times is subtle and unpredictable. The husband is just ignorant, so he is strong enough and tolerant enough: if he gets involved in Sichuan in winter, he is afraid of his neighbors; if he is tolerant, if he is ice, he will set him free; if he is simple, if he is broad and if he is muddy. If it is like the sea; The park has no end. Who can be quiet? Who can settle down for a long time? People in this way of protection don't want to make a profit. Their husbands just don't make a profit, so they can cover up their new achievements. Chapter 16 to virtual pole, keep static Benedict (d incarnation). Everything works together, and I will see it again. Everything must be traced back to the source. After all, it means to be quiet and call me back. Life often speaks, and knowledge often speaks. I often don't know that I am a murderer. Know how to be patient, endure for the public, the public is king, Wang Naitian, the sky is the Tao, the Tao is long, and there is no body and no danger. Chapter 17: If you are too superior, you will know from below, then you will be praised by your relatives, then you will be afraid, and then you will be insulted. I don't believe enough, but I don't believe enough. When I'm free, it's expensive, success, and people call me natural. Chapter 18 Avenue waste, meaningful; When wisdom comes out, there is a big holiday; Six parents are not harmonious and have filial piety; In osawa, there are loyal ministers. Chapter 19: Abandoning wisdom, people benefit a hundred times; Desperate, the people are filial; Never give up profits, thieves have nothing. These three people think that there are not enough words, so the order belongs to them. Simple is simple, selfish is selfish. Chapter 20 Juexue carefree, only use, the geometry? What is the difference between good and evil? We must not be afraid of what people are afraid of. Wild, but not in the end! Everyone is bustling, like a prison, like a stage in spring. I am alone, like an unborn child; Heavy, if there is no return. Everyone has more than enough, only me. What a stupid heart I am! Chaos, laity, I am lonely. Laity observation, I am bored alone. Like the sea, as far as the eye can see. Everyone has some, but I am stubborn and contemptuous. I am different from others. I value eating my mother very much. Chapter 21 Comte's capacity comes from Tao. Tao is a thing, but it is only an embarrassment. It's embarrassing, and elephants. I was in a daze, and there was something inside. Yao (y ǐ o) is subtle and refined; Its essence is true, and there is faith in it. From now on to the present, its name will not go, in order to read the public. How do I know the shape of the public? That's it. Chapter 22: Music is complete, waste is straight, depression is full, we are new, the less we gain, the more confused we are. It is based on the sage holding one for the world. Don't be self-aware, self-evident, self-destructive and complacent. The husband does not dispute, and the world cannot contend with it. In ancient times, the so-called song was the whole person, so it was not empty! Sincerely return. Chapter 23 Hope to speak naturally. Therefore, the wind has not ended and the shower will not last all day. Who is this? Heaven and earth. Heaven and earth can't last long, what about people? Therefore, those who are engaged in Taoism are the same, those who are virtuous are the same, and those who lose are the same. Those who are with the Tao are also happy; With Germany, Germany is also happy; Like a loser, you are happy when you lose. I don't believe enough, but I don't believe enough. Chapter XXIV Enterprises can't stand up and cross, see that they are unknown, don't show themselves, cut their reactive power, and envy themselves for not being long. It is also in the Tao, saying it is redundant. Things or evil, so there is no place for people who have a way. Chapter 25 much transformed, born. Lonely, independent, walking around without danger, can be the mother of the world. I don't know its name, but the word Dao is stronger than the name. Death is great, death is far away, and distance is relative. The old road is big, big, big and crowded. There are four big ones in the area, one of which is inhabited by human beings. Man's law is based on the earth, the earth is based on the sky, the sky is based on the Tao, and the Tao is natural. Chapter 26: Pay more attention to roots and be calm and impetuous. Therefore, saints walk all day and never leave the ditch. Although there is a concept of honor, Yan Chaoran. How can you be the master of all things and despise the world? Light people lose money, impetuous people lose a gentleman. Chapter 27 Good deeds are traceless, and good words are flawless; Good numbers don't need planning; Good sealing has nothing to do with this, but it can't be opened. A good knot is cordless, but it won't untie. Because saints are always good at saving people, they don't abandon people; Always good at saving things, so there is no abandonment, which is called attacking Ming. Therefore, a good person is a teacher who is not good at others; People who are bad to others are the capital of good people. If you don't value your teacher and don't love his capital, wisdom and fascination are wonderful. Chapter 28 Knowing men and keeping women is the world's flow. For the world stream, Changde never gives up and returns to the baby. Knowing its white and keeping its black is the world wind. For the world, Changde is not special and returns to infinity. Knowing its glory and keeping its shame is Amagai. For Amagai, Changde is enough, returning to the park. Park scattered for the device, saints use it, is an official, so the big system is not cut. Chapter 29 will take the world for granted. I think this is the last resort. The world is an artifact, and you can't do it. Those who do lose, and those who do lose. It is based on the inaction of saints, so there is no defeat; Without holding, there is no loss. So things either go, follow, hiss or blow. Strong or strong, frustrated or frustrated (Hu: and). So, what do saints go to, luxury and Thai. Chapter 30 Those who help others with Tao do not rule the world with soldiers. It is easy to pay back the money. Where there are teachers, there are thorns. After joining the army, there must be a fierce year. Good is only fruitful, not strong. The fruit can't be proud, can't be cut, can't be arrogant, and can't be strong. Things get old when they are strong, which means there is no way, no way. Chapter 3 1 A good soldier is an ominous device, a thing is evil, so there is no place for people who have the means. The gentleman is in the left, and the fight is in the right. Soldiers, ominous devices, and non-gentleman devices have to be used, so it is better to be calm. Winning is not beautiful, but being beautiful is also happy to kill people. A happy murderer cannot succeed in the world. Good things or left, bad things or right. The partial general is on the left and the upper general is on the right. It is said to be a funeral. The murderer will weep, overcome it, and treat it with mourning. Chapter 32 The Tao is often nameless. Although the garden is small, there is no other minister in the world. If the marquis can keep it, everything will take care of itself. Heaven and earth are in harmony with each other, and the people are flat without orders. It was famous at first, and the name was already there. My husband will also be Zhi Zhi and Zhi Zhi, so it's not dangerous. As the Tao is in the world, the valleys are in the rivers and seas. Chapter 33 He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise. The winner is strong, and the winner is strong. The contented are rich. Those who are strong have aspirations. Don't lose its position for a long time. Those who die but not die are still alive. Chapter 34 The road is wide and can be controlled. Everything depends on it, but it is not diligent and its success is not famous. Clothes support everything without giving priority, often without desire, but with a small name; Everything is not the main thing, but it can be called big. Because it doesn't think it is big, it can become big. Chapter 35 Leading an elephant, the world goes. Go, don't hurt, Anpingtai. Pleasure and bait pass by. The exit of Tao is tasteless, invisible, inaudible and useless. Chapter 36 If you want to (her), you must stick to it; If you want to be weak, you must be strong; If it is to be abolished, it must be consolidated; If you want to take it away, you must fix it. It means dusk. Weak is better than strong. Fish can't get rid of the jade garden, and the weapon of the country can't show people. Chapter 37 Tao often does nothing, but does nothing. If the marquis can keep it, everything will take care of itself. I want to do this, and I will make this town unknown. Nameless simplicity will make her husband have no desire. If you don't want to be quiet, the world will decide. Chapter 38 Virtue is not virtue, but virtue; Virtue without virtue is virtue without virtue. Suntech does things without thinking; Friedrich Hirth has thought it over. Ren Shang did not consider this; Shangyi has thought it over. If you don't respond to the gift, you will throw it away. So, you lose your virtue, you lose your virtue, then you lose your benevolence, then you lose your righteousness, then you lose your righteousness. Those who treat their husbands with courtesy are loyal and trustworthy, and they are chaotic first. Those who know before, the brilliance of Tao, the beginning of stupidity. Therefore, a gentleman is thick but not thin; Actually, it is not in China. So shoot this somewhere else. Chapter 39: What I have gained in the past, the sky is high and the clouds are light, the ground is flat, the gods are full of grain, and everything is alive. The marquis thinks that the world is right. As a result, the sky is afraid of cracking, the earth is afraid of waste and uneasy, God is afraid of rest and ineffectiveness, the valley is afraid of exhaustion and not surplus, everything is afraid of extinction and the marquis is afraid of arrogance. So, your base is the base on the base, and the base is under the height. Therefore, the princes claimed to be lonely and lonely. This is not based on the base, is it? No? Therefore, there is nothing in the number, and I don't want to be as jade as stone. Chapter 40: The movement against Tao is used by the weak. Everything in the world is born, and everything is born without it. In chapter 4 1, the scholars listened to the word and worked hard; The sergeant heard that living is death; The corporal smiled. If you don't laugh, that's not enough. So, there are suggestions. If you are ignorant, if you retreat, if you are vulgar, if you are virtuous, if you are humiliated, if you are not generous, if you steal from Jiande, you will be generous and have no horns, and you will be a late bloomer, an elephant will be invisible and unknown. Husband is the only way, and the loan is good. Chapter 42 Tao gives birth to one, two, three and everything. Everything is negative and positive, and I rashly think it is peace. What people hate is loneliness, widowhood and ignorance, and the princes thought it was said. Therefore, things are either profitable or profitable. I also teach what others teach. I will regard him as the godfather. Chapter 43 The world is the softest and the strongest. Nothing is infinite, and I know that inaction is beneficial. Teaching without words is the benefit of inaction, which is rare in the world. Chapter 44 Who are the relatives of name and body? Which is more important, health or goods? What kind of disease is acquisition or death? Therefore, love costs a lot, and if you hide too much, you will die. If you know enough, you will not lose face, and you will know that it will last for a long time. Chapter 45 If a great achievement is lacking, it will not be harmful to use it. If you have a big profit, you can use it endlessly. If you are straightforward, if you are all thumbs, if you argue endlessly. Impatience overcomes cold, and silence overcomes heat. Quiet is suitable for this world. Chapter 46 There is a saying in the world, but it is a waste. There is no way in the world, and the suburbs are born with horses. Misfortune outweighs discontent; Blame is greater than desire. So contentment is often enough. Chapter 47 Understanding the world without leaving home; Look at heaven without peeking. It is far away, but it knows very little. Knowing that a saint can't do it, he doesn't see it. Chapter 48 Learning is getting worse and worse, and Tao is getting worse and worse, which leads to inaction. Take the world by storm, it is often nothing, take the world by storm. Chapter 49 saints are fickle and take the hearts of the people as their heart. Good I am good, evil I am good, and virtuous I am good. I believe those who believe, and I believe those who don't. I am sincere. Sages fear the world and confuse the world. People pay attention to the eyes and ears, and saints are also children. Chapter 50 risk one's life and forget death. Three out of ten students were born; Three out of ten people died; There are also three-tenths of people who live and die together. Honey, why? In its original thickness. Photographed by Gai Wenshan, the land does not meet the tiger, and the People's Army does not armor; There is nothing to throw at its horns, the tiger is at a loss, and the soldiers have no place to put its blade. Honey, why? No death. Chapter 51 Tao Sheng, Virtue Sheng, Material Form and Situation. It is based on the respect and virtue of all things. The respect of Tao, the value of virtue, the foundation of husband's life. It is born the old way, and it is the virtue of livestock. Long practice, pavilion poison, cover practice. Born without, do without, grow without killing. It means Xuande. Chapter 52 The world has a beginning, taking the world as its mother. Mother knows son; Knowing his son and protecting his mother is not in danger. Block the exchange, close the door, and be diligent for life; Open an exchange, help it, and never save it. See the big with the small, and be soft with the strong. Habitually use its light to restore its brightness without showing physical damage. Chapter 53 Let me know that when I walk on the road, the only thing I give is fear. The road is barren, but people are good at it. Except for North Korea, the field battle was awkward and the warehouse was empty. The service is literary, with a sword, hate eating, more money and more goods. It's for stealing and bragging. Non-Dao also! Chapter 54 Those who are good at building will not pull out, those who are good at holding will not take off, and future generations will continue to offer sacrifices. The virtue of practicing in the body is true; Repairing at home has more virtues; The virtues cultivated in the countryside are long-lasting; It is virtuous to cultivate it in the countryside; It is a virtue to cultivate it in the world. So, look at the body, look at the home, look at the country, look at the country, look at the world. How do I know the world is natural? That's it. Chapter 55: Virtue is thicker than virtue. Poisonous insects don't sting, wild animals don't catch, and birds don't fight. The bones are weak and the tendons are soft. The combination of the unknown and the unknown (zuΙ) is also perfect in essence. All day, the number is not awkward, but also harmonious. Knowing peace is constant, knowing what is constant is bright, benefiting health is auspicious, and the heart is strong. If things are strong, they will grow old, which means that they are not Taoists, but have long been Taoists. Chapter 56 The knower does not speak, but the speaker does not know. Plug its plug, close its door, frustrate its sharpness, resolve its disputes, and melt its dust, which is called Xuan Tong. Therefore, if you can't get it, you can't get it; If you can't get it, you can't get it, and it hurts; It's expensive if you can't buy it, and it's cheap if you can't buy it. Therefore, you are the world. Chapter 57 Governing the country with sincerity, fighting with strange tactics and taking the world with nothing. How should I know? That's it. There are many taboos in the world and the people are poor; The people have many sharp weapons, and the country is unconscious; Many people have many skills, and strange things are born; Many laws, many thieves. Therefore, the sage said, "I do nothing and the people are self-centered, I am quiet and the people are self-centered, I have nothing and the people are rich, and I have no desire and the people are simple." Chapter 58 Its politics is rigid and its people are pure; Its political censorship, its people lack. Misfortune depends on happiness, and happiness depends on misfortune. Who knows its extremes? There is nothing wrong with it. It is great to recover what is right, and it is a demon to recover what is good. People's infatuation is long-lasting. It is based on the sage without cutting, sincere without embarrassment, straight without arrogance, light without dazzle. Chapter 59 The days of personnel management should never be increased. Husband is just stingy, which means early service; The early service is called thick accumulation and thin hair; Moral accumulation, no reference, no reference to know its extreme; I don't know its extreme, you can have a country; The mother of a country can last a long time. Is the deep-rooted way to live a long life. Chapter 60 Governing a big country, if you cook it a little fresh. Reaching the world by Tao is not a ghost; Unless its ghost is not a god, its god does not hurt people; A saint won't hurt people unless his god won't hurt people. Husband and wife don't hurt each other, so morality returns. Chapter 61 The big country is dirty, the world is cold, the world is cold, and it is quiet. Therefore, a small country takes a small country under a big country; A big country takes a big country under a small country. So, take it off or take it off. A big country just wants to be a herdsman, while a small country just wants to be an individual. Husband and wife each want something, and the older one should be the next one. Chapter 62 Tao is the essence of all things, the treasure of good people and the protection of bad people. Good words can win the respect of the city, and good deeds can add people. People are not good, why abandon them? Therefore, the son of heaven stands, and the three are fixed. Although there are arches, it is better to sit like this. What was the reason why it was so expensive in ancient times? If you don't ask for it, you will be guilty. Therefore, you are the world. Chapter sixty-three inaction, nothing, tasteless. Good for evil, big or small. The chart is easier and more difficult than it, because it is more detailed than it; It is easy to do difficult things in the world, and it is necessary to do great things in the world. Therefore, a saint is not great after all, so he can become great. It is easy and difficult for a husband who promises lightly to break his promise. It is difficult to be a saint, so there is no difficulty in the end. Chapter 64 Its security is easy to keep, but not easy to seek. Crispy and easy to spread, but slightly easy to disperse. Do it for nothing, treat it in disorder. Broken wood is born in the end; The nine-story platform starts from the foundation soil; A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. Those who do lose, and those who do lose. It is because of the sage's inaction that there is no defeat, no persistence, so there is no loss. People's sense of participation is often defeated by several achievements. Inadvertently. If you are careful to the end, you will never fail. It is a rare and cheap product that saints want; Learning or not is to repeat what everyone has done. To help the nature of all things, but dare not do it. Chapter 65 Those who learn from the goodness of the past are ignorant if they are not enlightened by the people. The reason why people are difficult to treat is because of wisdom. Therefore, governing the country with wisdom is a thief of the country; Governing the country without wisdom is the blessing of the country. Know that this is also a formula. Often know the record type, which is called Xuande. Xuande was deep, far away, disobeyed, and then connected with Datong. Chapter 66 Jiang Hai can be the king of all the valleys because of his kindness. If you want to go to the people, you must say it. If you want to be an ancestor, you must be behind you. It is based on the position of saints and the fact that people are not important and people are not harmful. It is the joy of pushing the world and never tires of it, and it is indisputable, so the world can't compete with it. Chapter 67 People all over the world tell me to talk big, as if I were corrupt. The husband is old, so he looks corrupt. If Xiao, it will be good for a long time! I have three treasures, and I will take good care of them. One is kindness, the other is thrift, and the third is not daring to be the first in the world. Kindness can be brave; Save money and be wide; You can only succeed if you dare not be the number one in the world. Today, I am kind and brave, frugal and broad, and I forget my life. Fu Ci takes war as victory and rules as solid. God will save it and defend it with mercy. Chapter 68 Those who are good at learning don't use force, those who are good at fighting don't get angry, those who are good at defeating the enemy don't cooperate, and those who are good at employing people do it. This is an indisputable virtue, the strength of employing people, and the ancient pole that keeps pace with the sky. Chapter 69 There is a saying in the battle: "Dare not be the host and guest, dare not retreat." It means no lines, no arms, no invincibility, no soldiers. There is no greater disaster than underestimating the enemy, and underestimating the enemy will lose my treasure. Therefore, if resistance is combined, the sad side will win. Chapter 70 My words are easy to understand and do. There is nothing to know and nothing to do in the world. Words are true, things are true. My husband is ignorant, so I don't know. People who understand me are rare, but those who understand me are expensive. It's a saint in brown and Huai Yu. Chapter seventy-one Know, on; I don't know. I'm sick. My husband is just sick, so he is not sick. The saint is not sick, because he is sick, so he is not sick. Chapter seventy-two People are not afraid of power, and power will come. There is no limit to where he lives, and he is not tired of where he lives. The husband is insatiable, so he never gets tired. It is because the sage knows himself and does not see his body; Self-love is not expensive. So shoot this somewhere else. Chapter 73 Dare to kill and dare to live, both of which are beneficial or harmful. What is evil in heaven and who knows why? It's hard to be a saint. Heaven is an indisputable victory, without words, uninvited, calm and responsive. Mills of God grind slowly but sure. Chapter seventy-four People are not afraid of death, how can they be afraid of death? If people are always afraid of death and surprised, I have to kill them. Who dares? There are always those killed by the company, those killed by the company and those killed by the husband, that is to say, those killed by the master and those killed by the husband do not hurt their hands. Chapter 75 People's hunger is based on hunger. The people are difficult to treat because their political achievements are difficult to treat. People's light death, with its thick existence, is light death. It is virtuous to be a husband who has nothing to do with life. Chapter 76 A man is weak when he is born and strong when he dies. Everything is tender and crisp, and its death is withered. Therefore, the strong die and the weak live. Strong soldiers are invincible, and strong wood is folded. Strong place, weak place. Chapter seventy-seven Heaven, which is the bow? The highest person suppresses it, and the lower person lifts it; If you have more, you will lose, and if you have less, you will make up. Heaven, the damage is more than enough, but the strength is insufficient. People's ways are different, and the loss is not enough to serve. Who can serve the world? Only Tao. It is a saint who doesn't rely on it, doesn't succeed, and doesn't want to see a sage. Chapter 78 The world is not weak, but the strong are not easy to overcome. The weak is better than the strong, and the soft is better than the strong. So the sage said, "being defiled by the country is to be the master of the country;" The country is unlucky and the world is king. " If it is that opposite. Chapter seventy-nine Complain a lot, complain a lot. Can you think it's good? He is a saint who holds a left deed and does not blame others. There are German companies, but there are no German companies. Heaven has no relatives, but often with good people. Chapter 80 A small country with few people can make people die again without moving far. Although there is a boat, nothing is taken; Although there are soldiers, there is nothing to show off. Make people use ropes again, be willing to eat, dress beautifully, live in peace and enjoy customs. When neighboring countries confront each other, the voices of chickens and dogs are endless, and the people die of old age. Chapter 81 The writing is not beautiful, but the writing is not beautiful. Good people don't argue, and debaters are not good. Those who know don't know, those who know don't know. Sages do not accumulate, thinking that there are many people; Since I'm with someone else, the more I have. Heaven is beneficial but not harmful; The way of a saint is indisputable.