Which three immortals does Taoist Sanqing refer to?

The name of "Sanqing" began in the Six Dynasties, and at first it only referred to "Sanqing territory". As a Taoist god, "Sanqing" was gradually formed with the theory of Taoist three-hole classics. "Taoist Classics" Volume II said: "But knowing the truth of the cave, Tianbao Jun lives in the Jade Qing realm, Lingbao Jun lives in the Qing realm, and Dongtian Shenbao Jun lives in the Taiqing realm. Therefore, the "Taishang Cangyuan Lu Shangjing" cloud: Sanqing people, jade Qing, supernatant, Taiqing also. " "Nine Days Shouzhang" said: "Tianbao Jun worships the Great Cave God. Note: "Tianbao Jun Yu Qingyuan Shi Tianzun also." Lingbaojun offered sacrifices to God in a mysterious way, and the note said,' Lingbaojun is higher than heaven'. The person who treasures the monarch is the god of the cave, and the note says,' Bao Jun is too clear and disrespectful to heaven.' However, this "three treasures deity" was not a "three treasures deity" at first. According to the records of Taoist deities in Tang Wuzong (84 1 ~ 846), the first deity was Yuanshi Tianzun, Taishang Avenue Chen Yu Jun, Taishang Laojun (i.e. Sanqing deity), and then there were "Jade Qing has the Great Tianbao Jun, Shangqing Miaoxuan Lingbao Jun and Taiqing Taiji Shenbao Jun with the Three Treasures". In addition, the Karma and Huaying Sutra said: "The Buddha said: I taught the public with Tao Qi, robbed by robbery, and advanced from time to time. I was also Tianbaojun in the name of the invisible Buddha in the first year of Han Long, and I said that there are twelve true scriptures in the cave to teach the Nine Saints in heaven and the Mahayana way. ..... I took the first year of Yankang, the Buddha of the Yuan Dynasty, also known as Lingbaojun, and put it on the Qing Dynasty, saying that there were twelve Xuanjing in the cave to teach the nine truths of Heaven and the way to take advantage. ..... I also called Brahma Buddha a treasure king. It was a late Ming dynasty. I once said that there were twelve caves to teach the nine immortals in the sky and the Hinayana way. " There is also "Biography of Immortals in the Early Yuan Dynasty", which says that there are seven treasures in Yujing, the capital of Du Xuan, and there are three palaces above Rhoda. The upper palace was ruled by Pangu, the real king of the Yuan Dynasty and the Virgin of Taiyuan.

The palace is too real, and the old man is in charge. Nine innocent emperors in the Summer Palace were ruled by three innocent kings. Although there are differences in the different interpretations of these different factions, they all contributed to the final stereotype of "respecting God in Sanqing". In the Tang Dynasty, "The Old Man and the Sage" said: "This is the original Buddha of Jade Qing, which lasted for thirty-five days." "This is a gentleman in the Qing Dynasty, above thirty-four days." "Qing Shang Tai Chi Palace is the old gentleman, over thirty-three days." Jin Yunzhong of the Southern Song Dynasty, after discussing and summarizing the relationship among Sanqing, Sanbao and Sanku, thought: "The titles of the three statues are only called Yuanshi Tianzun, Taishang Daojun and Taishang Laojun; It is also called Tianbaojun, Lingbaojun and Shenbaojun. The name of the Three Realms is called Jade Qing, Shangqing and Taiqing; Named after the book of three holes, it is called Dong Zhen, Dong Xuan and Dong Shen. " Among the "Sanqing gods", Taishang Laojun appeared the earliest. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Wudou Mi Dao was established, Taishang Laojun was regarded as the supreme god. When Shangqing and Lingbao were sent to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, new supreme gods appeared in the classic of Shangqing and Lingbao, such as the King of the Yuan Dynasty, the God of the Yuan Dynasty, the King of Chen Yu Avenue, and the King of Avenue. In view of the emergence of many new gods in various schools, Liang Tao Hongjing's "True Spirit Industry Map" attempts to systematize it, in which the prototype of "respecting gods in Sanqing" has been basically established. Before and after this, when books talked about the worship of Sanqing God, there were different opinions. For example, "Tao cannot be without teachers, and teaching cannot be without ancestors." Therefore, Laojun's teacher is on Chen Yu Avenue, and Daojun is also a disciple of yuanshi county Tianzun. " "According to legend, the founder of the school, Buddha, sent the Jade Emperor Daojun (Lingbao) Buddha to teach students (Germans) Buddha." "The ancestor of Taoism in the early Yuan Dynasty was the founder of Lingbao, the founder of Daojun was the founder of Dharma, and the founder of Laojun was the true teacher." If they appear in order, the first one is Laojun, the second one is yuanshi county, and the last one is Daojun.

In addition, in the Five Dynasties, the Lord of Fujian dedicated the emperor Bao, Buddha and the old gentleman to the "Three Clearances". At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the deity stood at the top of the "Sanqing Zun Shen" and in the middle of the "Sanqing Hall" in the palace. Its name was originally the king of the Yuan Dynasty. Jin said in "Pillow Book": "The two instruments were not divided, but they did not become. The heavens and the earth, the sun and the moon are not yet formed, and they are shaped like chickens, which are chaotic and mysterious. Pangu is a real person, the essence of heaven and earth, and he is named Yuan Di. " Although there are two gods in Taoist books, Ning Quanzhen, a Taoist in the Song Dynasty, is a god in the Yuan Dynasty, so he is also called the King of the Clouds. "Seven Signs of the Cloud", a volume of 1 10, lists all the biographies of gods, and also lists "The King of Heaven in the Early Yuan Dynasty" as the first place, which shows that he has been regarded as a god in the Song Dynasty.