Who will tell me the meaning?

To understand dreams, we must first understand sleep. Psychologists point out that dreams are a spontaneous psychological activity in a certain stage of consciousness during sleep. In this kind of psychological activity, the whole process of individual physical and mental changes is called dreaming.

Sleep is a necessary physiological activity for human beings. Modern scientific research shows that people's sleep is divided into slow-wave sleep and fast-wave sleep, which are carried out alternately. A person who sleeps for eight hours at night has four slow-wave sleep and fast-wave sleep cycles. 80% of people awakened in fast-wave sleep are dreaming, and 7% of people awakened in slow-wave sleep are dreaming. A person dreams for about 1.5 hours every night. Because dream companions follow the sleep cycle, people who wake up in fast-wave sleep feel MUBI, while those who wake up in slow-wave sleep feel less dreams. In addition, people can still remember MUBI's dream when he was about to wake up, but when he just fell asleep, he had already disappeared without a trace, which is why people think that there are fewer and fewer MUBI.

Dreaming and sleeping

So, does dreaming affect sleep? Scientists' research shows that interrupting dreams in people's sleep will lead to a series of physiological abnormalities, such as the increase of blood pressure, pulse, body temperature and skin electrical response, as well as a series of adverse psychological reactions, such as anxiety, tension, irritability, hallucinations, memory disorders, disorientation and so on.

Scientists also found that in a typical night sleep, the average person's first dream appears about 90 minutes after falling asleep. The duration of dreams is about 5 ~ 15 minutes (average 10 minutes), and they appear periodically in each stage of sleep. There are about 4 ~ 6 dreams in one night, and the total sleep time is about 1 ~ 2 hours.

Since I have 4 ~ 6 dreams every night, why do I only remember a few dreams (or none) when I wake up? Experts have three different views on this issue: one thinks that several dreams interfere with each other, and the new dream interferes with the previous dream. Although you will have many dreams overnight, when you wake up in the morning, you probably only remember the last dream before you wake up. This explanation is generally in line with the experience of ordinary people; The second view is that MUBI is an unpleasant thing, and the parties do not remember it, so as not to cause anxiety. This explanation does not conform to the general facts. Because, in fact, the dreams that most people remember are not all pleasant things; Others think that dreams are all completed in a short time and are essentially short-term memories. Short-term memory is not reviewed, long-term memory is not stored, and it will naturally be forgotten soon. This is a new explanation method since the rise of cognitive psychology, which is more reasonable.

Many psychologists and psychiatrists devote their lives to the study of dreams, but due to the limitation of the development level of neuroscience, dreams still plague them and the whole mankind. Qu Wei, an associate professor in the Clinical Psychological Counseling Center of Southwest Hospital affiliated to the Third Military Medical University, believes that normal dream activity is one of the important factors to ensure the normal vitality of the body, and dream is a way to coordinate the psychological balance of the human body, especially for human activities, emotions and cognitive activities. Dreaming contributes to brain health, which means that the physiological process of dreaming regulates the mental and physical state of sleepers.

Dreams and diseases

Huang, Ph.D., a psychiatrist from Peking University Institute of Mental Health and China Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Mental Illness, believes that dreams have early warning functions, one of which is aimed at the human body. When this warning appears, it will be divided into physical and psychological.

◆ Physiological symptoms

Associate Professor Qu Wei said that dreams also come from people's physical condition. For example, if a person is hungry, he will dream of eating in his dream; If a person's feet are cold, he may dream of snow; If a person has a sore throat, he may dream of being stuck in his neck. So dreams reflect a physical state to a certain extent, and the stimulation of the body will affect the content of dreams. Therefore, some diseases are not easy to be detected when people are awake, but when they are asleep, the external interference is weakened, and the weak stimulation of diseases can cause the excitement of the cerebral cortex, thus causing discomfort or terror in dreams.

For example, when people dream of raw meat while sleeping, it will mean that patients will have an obesity crisis; Many heart patients have nightmares before a heart attack, saying that they dream that someone is going to strangle themselves, or that they have chest tightness and asthma; Some patients with hepatopancreatic diseases dream that they have eaten some rotten meat and fruit in their sleep; If you dream of childbirth and stomach damage, eat, feel sick, vomit, etc. It will herald the coming gastrointestinal diseases; If there is a disease in the respiratory system, some people will be buried alive in their dreams and feel chest compression pain; If handcuffs and tight shoes appear in the dream, it means that there are diseases in the joints and spine of the body; Hearing strange sounds in dreams indicates that there may be potential diseases in the auditory system; Having the same dream of tooth loss for several days in a row is related to oral movement and gastrointestinal function, suggesting that there are diseases in digestive system and respiratory system.

This view emphasizes the physiological aspects of dreams. However, not all dreams only have physiological significance, but also have richer psychological significance. Dr. Huang said: For example, dreaming of tooth loss is sometimes related to health, and sometimes it reflects the dreamer's self-awareness in interpersonal relationships, such as feeling weak, always being bullied, lacking self-protection ability and so on. So even the most basic self-defense weapon-teeth are gone. Generally speaking, repeated dreams of the same nature have a greater relationship with physical health, and it is necessary to go to the hospital to check and rule out related diseases.

However, this is still a part of clinical examples. For most people, some dreams still can't explain physical diseases.

◆ Psychological symptoms

Associate Professor Qu believes that some dreams that seem to be signs of physical illness may be caused by people's internal psychological barriers. As the saying goes: think about it day and night. Although I don't remember what I experienced during the day, the external stimuli were printed on the cerebral cortex and left there as traces. When sleeping, the whole cerebral cortex stops moving, but there are still weak activities in a few places, and things seen or experienced during the day will appear in dreams in disorder. Dreams can make us clearly see the emotions and feelings expressed by images, whether lonely, lonely or happy, which are vividly expressed by the images in dreams. For example, people who are in a good mood always have sweet dreams, while people who are anxious and afraid have nightmares.

There was once a patient who didn't pay attention to the discomfort of low back pain. Seeing that my neighbor went to the hospital for examination because of low back pain and died of bone cancer, I went to the hospital for examination immediately, fearing that I had bone cancer, so I had nightmares at night. In the hospital, the examination ruled out the bone lesions, and after the psychologist explained the reason for the nightmare, he was able to let it go, and then the nightmare disappeared.

Associate Professor Qu pointed out that there are many reasons leading to psychological disorders, among which early psychological trauma, persistent inner conflict and long-term repressed desire are the common reasons leading to psychological disorders. Due to various realistic considerations and interferences, people often unconsciously suppress these injuries, conflicts, desires and self-needs. In the long run, they seem to have disappeared. In fact, they still exist and still affect people's psychology.

Dream and Life

According to the research of a dream analysis center in Shanghai, with the accelerated pace of life in modern society, heavy pressure is the main reason why people often dream, especially white-collar workers and private entrepreneurs. According to the statistics of Dream Analysis Center, since June 5438+February last year, most people came to interpret dreams out of the pressure of life and work, among which young people aged 25-35 accounted for 95%. Wang Xiaoduo, director of the Dream Analysis Center, said that because this age group faces the most competition and development opportunities, psychological pressure can easily be reflected in dreams, manifested in frequent nightmares or long-term dreams of the same type.

Great work pressure leads to emotional instability, but it can't be shown in real life, so it is shown in the form of dreams when dreaming at night. People with tense interpersonal relationships in life and work are prone to dream of bloody scenes of swords and shadows, or scenes of fighting with bad people. The double tension of day and night is even more unbearable. If it is not relieved, it will not only affect health, but also hinder normal work.

For example, Miss Wang, who works in a foreign company, always dreamed of being called by the teacher to answer questions in class recently, but no matter what the questions are, she always couldn't answer them and stood there anxiously. This dream is actually a metaphor for the problems encountered by Miss Wang at work. In the fierce competition, white-collar workers pay attention to the promotion of their positions and career development. Dreaming about answering questions is the transformation of this pressure. Some people dream of exams, are punished by teachers, and slap their palms, all of which are manifestations of pressure in disguise. There are many such cases. Let's look at a typical one.

◆ Typical cases

Dr. Huang gave an example in particular, a girl from a medical school: "I dreamed that we were having an anatomy class in the classroom. A little girl was lying on the platform, the teacher dissected her, and my classmates and I watched. The teacher cut a hole in the girl's back with a scalpel, and then somehow, the girl's skin was completely peeled off, leaving a transparent shell on the podium, just like the shell left after cicada slough. At this time, the girl jumped to the ground and began to go out without anyone watching. After peeling the shell, she turned white, as if she didn't care at all and didn't suffer at all. She was about to walk out of the classroom when she suddenly looked back at me deeply. It is the kind of eyes that can directly see people's hearts, as if it is a kind of blame, and as if it is just a pure curiosity. So I was scared and shouted: I didn't do it! It's them! "

In this regard, Dr. Huang made this analysis: she has been unable to adapt to medical school life, and she is very tired of it. She always wants to leave quickly and pursue a more free life. She doesn't know why she suddenly had such a strange dream. In fact, the terrible scenes such as dissection and skinning in the dream are related to her status as a medical student, and she admitted reading a novel about Japanese skinning China people the day before the dream. Obviously, this also leads to the realistic source of peeling in dreams. This little girl may represent herself. Transformation is growth, which shows that she wants to find her true self. The girl leaves the classroom after molting, which shows that she really wants to escape from the status quo; On behalf of reality, she also has anatomy class with her classmates. The girl finally glanced at her deeply, which was actually a call, urging her to listen to her inner voice and stop pretending about life.

Of course, this is only an explanation, because the meaning of dreams is multiple and can be understood from different angles. However, the dreamer agrees with this explanation and thinks that it does explain her psychological state. She began to seriously think about her future path. More importantly, through the analysis of this dream, her inner conflict has been released, but she can calmly analyze the real situation. After rational analysis, she chose to continue studying in medical school.

Practical significance of dream interpretation

From the above examples, it seems that psychologists with excellent psychological knowledge and rich experience and research on dream interpretation can really give people correct psychological guidance and analysis through dream interpretation. The history of dream interpretation has lasted for thousands of years, so can dreams really be analyzed and used as correct guidance?

◆ Traditional dream interpretation

The Duke of Zhou in ancient times believed that people dream because God wants to give the dreamer a revelation and let the dreamer know what will happen in the future. Therefore, every dream has its own meaning. In the ancient dream interpretation book, it will be clearly written: dream chicken dog, owner Lu Yu villain; Dream of building a big house, success of the Lord, and so on ... As we mentioned above, dreaming of losing teeth, the ancient dream interpretation thought that losing teeth would kill people. This is sheer nonsense. In the past, fortune tellers also played the role of dream interpreters. But they only emphasize the predictive function of dreams, that is, "occupying dreams." Although some explanations do link the images in dreams with cultural customs, they are generally rigid and far-fetched, which inevitably makes people doubt their credibility.

A psychological clinic provides an example: a female entrepreneur often sees the old lady of a dead neighbor in her dream, with a ferocious face. When she wanted to call for help, she found herself trapped in a closed glass room, and there was no sound at all. Duke Zhou said that it is very bad to dream that the dead are the main killers and that something will happen to someone at home. However, when the expert analyzed her dream, she found that she was taking a big business at that time, but there was a problem when communicating with her subordinates. The designer didn't design the product according to the customer's requirements, and the business finally fell through. How she explained it was useless, and the depression in her heart became aphasia in her dream. The entrepreneur is very satisfied with the expert's analysis and thinks it is completely in line with his situation.

From this example, it seems that the traditional dream interpretation is unscientific, without basis and reason.

◆ Scientific dream interpretation

So, how do modern psychologists interpret dreams?

Now, more psychologists tend to hold the view that psychological dream interpretation is more combined with the social life background of each dreamer, which inspires dreamers to explore the meaning of dreams. The process of dream interpretation is also a process of increasing self-awareness, venting emotions, and integrating consciousness and subconsciousness, which is similar to psychotherapy. Modern dream analysts must have extensive knowledge and excellent observation. During the treatment, the dream interpreter will let the patient lie on the treatment bed and communicate with the dreamer in a semi-chat way, so as to understand the specific situation of the dreamer. Then let the dreamer tell his dream at will, fully understand the time, frequency and feelings of the dreamer, and further enhance the personality characteristics of the dreamer. Finally, the dream analyst systematically analyzes and treats the dreamer's condition.

Modern psychology believes that dreams are related to the dreamer's own psychological activities and reflect the dreamer's psychological state; In reality, unresolved psychological conflicts or depressed emotions will be expressed through dreams, and dream interpretation can help people understand these conflicts or emotions and solve them. Many consultants have this experience. When the psychological problems are solved, the content of his dreams will also change and become much clearer.

Associate Professor Qu pointed out that through dream interpretation, patients can enter their subconscious and understand their unconscious potential emotions, desires, motives and conflicts. Only by understanding the psychological state can we adjust and change. Therefore, dream interpretation plays a unique role in psychotherapy, but the dream interpretation technology also has its own defects and deficiencies. Although with the progress of the times, later scholars continue to enrich and develop its content, dream interpreters can't avoid having some personal subjective consciousness. Therefore, it requires the dream interpreter to have profound professional knowledge and rich life experience. Otherwise, they can't help patients solve their psychological problems, on the contrary. At present, there are only a handful of professionals who can treat patients' psychological disorders with dream interpretation technology in China, and most psychologists can only give a superficial explanation, so patients should carefully choose their therapists when they want to do dream interpretation treatment.

◆ Questioning the error of dream interpretation

Psychoanalysis and therapy are carried out through dream interpretation. Professor Zhu Jianjun, head of psychology department of Beijing Forestry University, who was engaged in the study of dream interpretation earlier in China, questioned this. He said: dream interpretation is only a part of psychological counseling and treatment, and it is a routine technique of psychodynamic school. In other words, dream interpretation is useful for psychological counseling, but it can't be done by dream interpretation alone. It is very dangerous for an unqualified psychological counselor to interpret dreams. If he doesn't handle any knot in his heart well, he may project his complex onto the dream in dream interpretation, so that he will not interpret other people's dreams, but show his psychological problems. This kind of dream interpretation is unscientific, and its significance is no different from that of traditional superstition.

> > Interconnection

Dream of an adult man: I feel walking on a dark path in the forest. There are some female ghosts in white clothes on both sides of the road. They are flying around in the air. I'm particularly scared. They seem to be waving to pedestrians on the road. People who fall into the river will fall into the river. Some people will go ashore, some people won't ... At this moment, I saw a triangular red house. After entering, there seems to be a person.

Psychologist analysis: This dream is typical, and many people dream of ghosts. Generally speaking, a female ghost with white clothes, pale face and long hair is often the embodiment of depression in her dreams. "Long hair" symbolizes their lingering feelings. Here "white" is a symbol of lack of vitality, and "floating" is not "down-to-earth". The root of this man's depression is his fear of women. The water in the "river" is the symbol of women, the "wave" is the temptation from women, and "falling into the river" is falling into the emotional world of both sexes. Why is he afraid of women? It can be seen from this dream that he was hurt in a "triangle" emotion. "Red" is a symbol of injury here. "Wrap me in red cloth" means that because of this injury, he "wrapped" his emotional world to refuse the temptation from other women.

Editor: Different people have different meanings for the same type of dreams, and different people have different interpretations for the same person's dreams. If you think your dream is really strange, you can go to a regular and specially trained psychologist, analyze your recent life and work, put your inner anxiety and worry on the table, look carefully, find out the reasons, and truly interpret dreams scientifically.

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