What is the historical background of Qian 'an?

Qian 'an has always been a desolate place in history. Erya has the theory of "four wastes", and regards Solitary Bamboo, Beihu Lake, Queen Mother of the West and Rixia as the four most desolate places, among which Solitary Bamboo is now dry and safe. In ancient times, it was a vassal state sealed by Yin Shang, and its name "Solitary Bamboo" took the unique scenery of moving to An since ancient times. According to Yin and Zhou records, there are still many virgin forests in Hebei Province because the natural ecology has not been destroyed by human beings. Bamboo, which was only found in Jiangnan at that time, can be seen everywhere in the north. Feng Weiqi's poem "Olympic Games": "Looking at the Olympic Games from afar, bamboo is embarrassed" can prove it. The so-called "solitary bamboo" is a solitary tall bamboo. It is conceivable that there must be many bamboo forests in Qian 'an in ancient times.

Solitary bamboo was the northernmost vassal state of Shang Dynasty. At the end of Shang Dynasty, there were two famous people here-Boyi and Shu Qi. These two brothers are the last generation of princes in the lonely bamboo country. According to historical records, their father wanted to pass the throne to Boyi, but Boyi refused, and secretly ran away after his father died, leaving the throne to his younger brother Shu Qi. Shu Qi refused to accept the throne and ran away. Later, the two brothers defected together, but when they heard that Zhou was going to be cut, they thought it was a crime and tried their best to stop it. After Zhou Wuwang destroyed the enterprise, Boyi and Shu Qi went to shouyangshan to live in seclusion to protest. Because they didn't eat Zhou Su, they all starved to death in the mountains. In the original classics of Confucianism, the integrity of Boyi and Shu Qi was highly praised. There are always different opinions about where shouyangshan is, where they live in seclusion and where they starve to death. Some say it's in Hedong, some say it's in Longxi and some say it's in Qiyang. Xu Shen, the only Han Chinese, said in Shuowen that shouyangshan was in western Liaoning, and western Liaoning in Han Dynasty was a land of solitary bamboo, which is now Qian 'an. Today, there is indeed shouyangshan 60 miles southeast of Qian 'an City, which is not too far from Huajiazhuang of my second aunt's house. When I was a teenager, I visited this mountain. At that time, there was a "Qiyi Temple" on the mountain, which was built by Qian 'an people to commemorate these two earliest rural sages.

The land of solitary bamboo was called Ganoderma lucidum in the Zhou Dynasty, and Zhou Shu wrote "non-Ganoderma lucidum", Records of the Historian wrote "Litchi" and Huainanzi wrote "Lingbi", all of which were actually the same place. County was established in Han dynasty. During the Jin Dynasty, Qian 'an was once a great honor, because Duan Liao, a Xianbei people, used it as the capital, but the time was not long. In the Tang Dynasty, western Liaoning was always a border area and a place for Serbs to defend themselves. Therefore, the poem says, "if you hit the yellow, you will enjoy it from the tree." They woke her up when she dreamed that she went to meet him in Liaoxi camp. The current name of Gan 'an County was not changed until the Jin Dynasty.

Qian 'an is a remote place, which has always been a place of war, so the culture has always been relatively backward. After Shu Shu and Qi Shu, there were few historical celebrities, mostly military commanders.

During the Three Kingdoms period, there were two famous generals in Qian 'an. One is Gongsun Zan, named Bo Gui, who fought in Hebei at the end of the Han Dynasty. He was born in Qian 'an. It turned out to be the book assistant (secretary) under the chief. He was handsome, loud, decisive and eloquent, which won the appreciation of the prefect and became his son-in-law. Later, Gongsun Zan went to Liaodong and became an officer. Because he defeated the invasion of Xianbei people with Indiana Jones, he was promoted to the rank of Zhuo Jun. Dong Zhuo was named "General Fenwu" and "Hou Ji" because of his outstanding achievements. After Zhuo's death, Gongsun Zan became an important military force in Hebei. Finally defeated by Yuan Shao, he committed suicide. See The Three Kingdoms and the History of Shu Wei, Volume 8.

The other is Han Dang, a famous Soochow player. Han Dang, also a native of Qian 'an, is skilled in bowing and riding, and he is very muscular. He once made contributions from Sun Jian, and worked as a partial general, a corps commander and a prefect of Yongchang. Later, Sun Quan named him General Zhaowu and Hou Shicheng. See the reflection of Wu Shu, volume 10.

Yifeng, a general of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, was born in Gan 'an. His family has served as senior officials in the Northern Dynasties for generations, with lofty ancestors and broad minds. He was the chief of Northern Yan Liaoxi, and the Northern Wei Dynasty gave him a long snake. His great-grandfather Wen Yi also served as the secretariat of Jizhou. Yifeng conquered from the army at an early age. He is famous for his bravery, determination and courage. During the Yong 'an period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yifeng was named General Wei Ming and General Riding. Because he has repeatedly made meritorious military service. Later, he died on the way to conquer at the age of fifty. In order to show his political achievements, Wei Taizu entrusted him with prestige and made his younger brother and son senior officials. See Book of the Week, Volume 17.

Li Xilie, a vassal of the Tang Dynasty, was also from Qian 'an. Although he was a villain in the official history, he was prominent for a while, which caused great shock in the ruling and opposition parties at that time. Li Xilie was one of the famous rebels in the middle Tang Dynasty. His character is only forbearing, but he can drink and laugh calmly in the face of the tragic murder scene. Before Li Xilie rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, he held the military power. In order to appease him, Tang Dezong named him Huaixi our time, and soon named him Shangshu of the school department of rites and King of Nanping County. But then Li Xilie rebelled against the Tang Dynasty and became the king of literature, ruling the world. The imperial court sent troops to conquer many times, but it was defeated by Li Xilie, and its prestige shook the ruling and opposition parties. In the end, the court almost defeated him with all its strength. See Old Tang Book (volume 145).

Zhang of Jin Dynasty was a native of Qian 'an. At that time, Qian' an was a member of the family, and Zhang was in the Hanlin. At that time, the state of Jin was confronting the Song Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty made peace. The correspondence between Jin Guo and Song Dynasty was written by Jing Ren, and his literary talent won the appreciation of him, and he was promoted to a bachelor's degree as an academician and fellow national historian. He was an important civil servant in the state of Jin at that time. See "Jinshi" Volume 84.

Qian 'an in Ming Dynasty also produced three famous war generals in history of qing dynasty.

One is Zhao Sheng, whose word is successful. During the orthodox period, he was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Yongping Wei, defeated the invading North Kou several times, and later served as the commander-in-chief of Zuo, adding a prince to protect the young, and was finally named as the Hou of Changning. See the Ming History, Volume 173, The Biography of Sun Boring, attached.

The second is Zhou Xi, and his name is Yu Ting. During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, he was also the commander of Yong Wei Ping. He became a famous soldier in the north because he defeated the invading enemy many times, and won the trust and esteem of Ming Xianzong. Later, he was ordered by the emperor to sign the seal of General Xi and guard Ningxia. He died a year later, shouting "Kill the thief" before he died. See Ming History (volume 174).

The third place is Ma Yong, whose name is Tianxi. He is big, brave and resourceful. What is extremely valuable is that he is both civil and military, not only familiar with the art of war, but also proficient in Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. Next year, he will be stationed in Zunhua County and serve as the company commander because of his meritorious service in attacking Kou. After being ordered to guard Liaodong. During the guarding period, he loved the people like a son, encouraged farmers and rewarded businessmen, and was deeply loved by the people. Later, the court transferred him to Suzhou to guard, and the people stationed in Liaodong went out of the city to send tears and set up a shrine for him. At that time, people praised him as a good general in ancient times. See Ming History, Volume 22 1.

In the Qing Dynasty, two people moved to An in historical records.

Liu Hongru, whose real name is Lu Yi, was a scholar in Shunzhi for three years. During Kangxi's reign, he served as assistant minister of the Ministry of War, assistant minister of the Ministry of Housing, and Zuodu Yushi, which had great influence in the imperial court. He visited the emperor many times and made important suggestions on taxation and land reclamation at that time. See Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty, Volume 264.

Gao Zheng, the word Dongfu, was born in Qian 'an. But because my father was an official in Jimo, Shandong, I grew up in Shandong when I was a child. In the sixth year of Guangxu, he was a scholar and was awarded the governor of the Ministry of Punishment. He was a famous scholar in China at that time, devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics, especially Chunqiu, and put forward his own unique views on the conception of Chunqiu. He once gave lectures at Luanyuan College. See Draft of Qing History, Volume 482, The Scholars III. Gao Zheng's works include: two volumes of Chunqiu Shuo, one volume of Dong Fu Notes, one volume of Miscellaneous Notes and six volumes of Zheng Dong Fu's suicide note.

Since modern times, Qian 'an has produced two outstanding figures. One is Yang Xiufeng, a native of Yangtuanzi Village, Gan 'an County, who was born in Beijing Normal University. Later, he joined the * * * production party and studied in the Soviet Union. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as Minister of Education and President of the Supreme Court. This person has something to do with the older generation of my family: my aunt, my grandfather's sister, married to Lan family in the county, and Yang Xiufeng's sister also married to his family (at that time, my family, Lan family and Yang family were all big families in the county, and it was also an honor for generations in the Qing Dynasty), so my aunt and Yang Xiufeng's sister were sisters-in-law. My grandfather met Yang Xiufeng because he often went to Lan's home when he was a child. Later, Yang Xiufeng went home during the land reform and personally suppressed his younger brother on the charge of "bullying the city". My grandfather is an old-fashioned intellectual with strong Confucianism, so he has always disapproved of Yang's killing his brother.

The other is Liu Yalou, a native of Gengzhuang, Gan 'an County. When I was young, I joined the army and joined the party. Later, I became an air force general of China People's Liberation Army.