The original text of Hanyin old fu in classical Chinese

1. There is an old man on the south bank of the Hanjiang River. I don't know who he is.

During the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, he visited Jingling in the south, and went to Mianshui after a dream. There is no one who doesn't go to see it. Only one old man did not stop farming.

Zhang Wen, a native of Shangyang, felt very strange, so he sent someone to ask the old man: "Everyone is watching the grand occasion of Shengjia's southern tour, but you keep ploughing. What is the reason? " The old man smiled and didn't answer. Zhang Wen got off the bus and walked a hundred steps in the field, talking to the old man himself.

The old man said, "I am a savage and I don't understand such words." I want to ask, is it because of the turmoil in the world that the emperor was established, or is it for the rectification of the world? Should the son of heaven care about the world like your father, or should the world serve the son of heaven like slaves? At the beginning, the wise holy king was in power, and the house he lived in was made of thatch and rafters, but it brought peace to the people all over the world.

Now, your emperor works hard for the people, indulges himself, indulges in amusement and has no scruples. Shame on you (having such an emperor)! How can you have the heart to let others see him? "Zhang Wen was greatly ashamed and asked the old man's name. The old man left without telling him.

2. The classical Chinese translated by Hanbin's old father is urgent. He is waiting now and immediately adopts the translation: an old gentleman in Hanyin, I don't know his identity. In central China, Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty sailed through Jingling Mountain, crossed Yunmengze and reached Mianshui River. The local people can't see it, but an old man keeps plowing the land by himself.

Zhang Wen, a native of Nanyang and a businessman, felt very strange and asked the client, "Everyone went to see it, but the old man just kept you." Why? " The old man just laughed. Zhang Wenshun walked (into the field) for more than a hundred steps, talking to the old man himself. The old man said, "I am a clown and don't understand this." Excuse me, can there be chaos and justice in the world?

Does the son of heaven exist to appease the people of the world or to drive them to support the son of heaven? In the past, sages ruled the world and lived in houses with grass tops and branches. All the people were very stable. Now your emperor lets the people play freely without restraint.

I'm ashamed of him for you. Why do you want others to see it? "Mr Zhang felt very ashamed. Asked his name, the old man left without saying anything.

Source: Gao Shichuan

Extended data:

Han Bin Dad Original: Say it again: Han Bin Dad, I don't know who he is. Emperor Huan was lucky to be in the mausoleum, dreaming of clouds, facing the water, and the people were watching. An old father plowed the fields alone. Shang Zhangwen was shocked and asked, "Everyone reads it, but my father doesn't. Why?

"My father said," I'm a barbarian, and I can't speak Darth. Excuse me, the chaos in the world, the son of heaven stands. The son of heaven who ruled and stood? Make the son of heaven the father of the world Serve the world and the son of heaven? In the past, the holy king slaughtered the world, and Mautz chose the rafters, and all the people elected Ning. I'm ashamed of my son. How can I stand other people's opinions? Wen was embarrassed to ask his name and left without telling him. "。

Baidu Encyclopedia-Hanbin Laofu

Thank you for your translation. Should9 found the original text in Biography of Yimin in the Later Han Dynasty, which is slightly different from yours, and it is a complete book.

I don't know who Hanyin's father is. Emperor Huan extended his residence. Fortunately, he was in the mausoleum, dreaming of clouds and near the water. People looked at him, and his father plowed the fields alone.

Wan Shang Zhang asked, "Everyone comes to see me, and my old father never stops. Why? " My father smiled, but he didn't. Keep warm along the road and talk to yourself.

My father said, "I am a barbarian, but I can't speak Das." Excuse me, is this world chaotic and evil? Is it evil to stand up for reason? Set the emperor as the father of evil in the world? Serve the world with the evil of the phoenix emperor? In the past, the holy king slaughtered the world, and Mao Ci chose the rafters, and ten thousand people preferred peace.

The king of this son, who works hard and exercises self-discipline, swims at ease. I'm ashamed of my son, why can't I stand being seen by others! "Wen Daxie.

Ask his name and leave without saying goodbye. An old gentleman in Hanyin doesn't know the origin of his identity.

In central China, Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty sailed through Jingling Mountain, crossed Yunmengze and reached Mianshui River. The local people can't see it, but an old man keeps plowing the land by himself. Zhang Wen, a native of Nanyang and a businessman, felt very strange and asked the client, "Everyone went to see it, but the old man just kept you." Why? " The old man just laughed.

Zhang Wenshun walked (into the field) for more than a hundred steps, talking to the old man himself. The old man said, "I am a clown and don't understand this." Excuse me, can there be chaos and justice in the world? Does the son of heaven exist to appease the people of the world or to drive them to support the son of heaven? [should9 Note: This sentence is difficult to translate, and it is a family statement that can be discussed] In the past, sages ruled the world, living in houses with grass tops and branches, and all people were very stable.

Now your emperor lets the people play freely without restraint. I'm ashamed of him for you. Why do you want others to see it? "Mr Zhang felt very ashamed.

Asked his name, the old man left without saying anything.

4. Ancient prose: the translator of the original text of Hanyin literati, Zi Gong, was an enemy of Jin and crossed Hanyin. When he sees a person, he will dig a tunnel in the well and then pour it out with an urn. However, he made great efforts, but didn't see any results.

Zi Gong said: With the equipment here, you can make 100 beds a day, but you can see more results with half the effort. What does the master want? "Take it as ⑤ for nursing;" Why? "He said," chopping wood is a machine, the back is heavy and the front is light. You can draw 6 if you draw water. As many as soup ⑦, it is named ⑧. "

He laughed at the gardener's anger and said, "I heard that my teacher, who has machinery, must make organic things, and who has organic things, must have an organic heart." If the heart is in the chest, it is pure white (11); Pure white is not prepared, and the immortal is uncertain (12); God is uncertain, but Tao is not loaded (13).

I don't know, but I'm ashamed not to do so. "Zigong confidential (14), wrong.

Being idle (15) The gardener said, "Who am I mocking for being evil?" Yue: "Kong Qiu's disciples are also." As a gardener, he said, "Who made Zifeizi learn to imitate saints (16), cover the public with his own knowledge (17), sing a solo and sell his reputation among the people?" ? You will forget your arrogance and fall on your head (19), but you are almost ordinary! And the body can't be cured, but how can you cure the world! My son is gone, I have nothing (20)! "Zi Gong is humbled and pale (2 1), but he is not complacent (22), and he will recover after three miles (23).

His disciples said, "What is evil about those who face it?" ? Why did the master turn pale after seeing it? He has never been an enemy of evil all day (25)! "Yue:" At first I thought there was only one person in the world (26), but I didn't know there was a wife (27). I heard that master, things can be done and can be successful.

It is the way of a saint to use less force and see more merit. This is not the case today (28).

Those who hold the Tao are virtuous, those who are virtuous are all, and those who are all are all. God is omnipotent, and so is the way of saints.

Support life and people go hand in hand. I don't know where it is (29), it depends on you preparing it (30)! Utilitarianism and ingenuity will forget the lady's heart. If you are a wife, it's not because you don't want to (3 1) or because you don't want to.

Although famous in the world, the so-called famous, but nobody cares (32); If the world is not right, it will lose its so-called, and it will not be affected by it (33). Non-reputation and unhelpful loss in the world mean the whole virtue of people! I call it the people of the storm (34). "

Oppose Lu to sue Confucius. Confucius said: "Those who learn the art of chaos are also (35); Knowing one (36) and not knowing the other (37); Treat the inside, not the outside (38).

Husband understands that being a vegetarian (39), doing nothing and returning to nature, embracing God (40) physically, and wandering between the secular, will he be shocked by evil? There are also chaotic techniques that give you enough knowledge! Note ① Hanyin: South margin of Hanshui River. The water in the south of the mountain is called Yang, and the water in the north of the mountain is called Yin.

(2) Father-in-law: a general term for the elderly in ancient times. Nursery: A garden where vegetables are grown.

Boundary (qí): A long row of planting areas in the vegetable garden. 3 urn: a variant of the word "urn".

④ "gú" nature: the appearance of exertion. When you say "bang", it means "slippery" and gurgling.

I can't see any advantages: the effect received is very small; The following "See Si Qi" is a relative meaning. ⑤ Ang (y m 4 ng): Also called "YM4NG", look up.

⑥ (qiè): mention. ⑦ shuò à: Frequent, that is, fast.

Yi: Also called "overflow", here refers to boiling overflow. ⑧ (gāo): namely, Jie, a primitive water lifting tool, also known as the boom.

Pet-name ruby machine stuff: cleverness and so on. Attending machine heart: a smart and changeable mind.

(1 1) Pure white: This refers to a pure, quiet, ethereal and bright mind that is not polluted by the secular. Ready: complete, complete.

(12) Life: It is often used as "sex", and "spiritual life" refers to thought and spirit. (13) load: fully loaded.

(14) Concealment: the appearance of shame. : is a variant of "shame".

(15) Leisure: intermittent. Leisure is like a moment, and it is in a very short time.

(16) imitation. (17) Yu Yu: Also known as "Cleisthenes", boasting about his birthday.

(18) Solo: Self-singing and self-harmony. Elegy: A song lamenting the world.

(19) Luo (Hu ι): often used as "death", meaning destruction. (20) lack: waste, delay.

(2 1) z not u: the appearance of shame. (22) Rejuvenation (Xu) Ran: the feeling of loss and uncontrollable.

(23) recovery: recovery from illness, here refers to the return to normal mood. (24) to: before.

(25) anti: complex; This refers to restoring the normal state of mind. There is only one person in the world: Kong Qiu.

Zi Gong is a student of Confucius, and only the teacher is the only saint in his mind. Madam: That man refers to the old man who grows vegetables.

(28) Acts: Yes. (29) Entrust: Entrust to the world.

What: where to go. (30) máng: same as "mans".

"Yi Hu" refers to an unfathomable appearance. Chunbei: He Chun is complete, which means that behavior and virtue are simple and real.

(3 1) No: not pursued. (32) (á o): Often used as "pride" and indifference.

(33) Luo (t m 4 ng) Ran: It doesn't matter. (34) Storm: Rise with the wind, drift with the tide, expressing anxiety and being influenced by secular dirt.

(35) Vacation: help and training. Chaos clan: a fictional clan refers to a person who advocates that chaos is indistinguishable and inseparable.

(36) Understanding Article 1: It means understanding the truth of innocence and unity since ancient times. (37) I don't know the second type: I don't know the situation and don't adapt to the change.

(38) External: refers to the external world, corresponding to the word "internal" in the previous sentence referring to internal cultivation. (39) Enter: It is suspected that the word "big" is wrong, meaning "too".

(40) body: realize the truth. Embrace God: To embrace with one heart and one mind.

Zi Gong traveled south to Chu and returned to Jin. Passing the south bank of Hanshui River, he saw an old man digging a bed in the vegetable garden, digging a tunnel leading to a well and watering the ground with a water tank. He labored to come and go, with great effort but little effect. Zi Gong saw it and said, "Now there is a machine that can water hundreds of vegetable fields every day, with no effort and many effects. Don't you want to try, old man? " The old man who grows vegetables looked up at Zigong and said, "What should I do?" Zi Gong said, "It's made of wood, with a heavy back and a light front. It's like pumping water from a well, as fast as boiling water overflows. Its name is orange. "

The old man who grew vegetables changed his face and sneered, "I heard this from my teacher." With things like machinery, there will be things like cleverness, and with things like cleverness, there will be ideas like machine changes. " The mind changes in the chest, so the pure and ethereal state of mind that is not polluted by the secular is incomplete; If the pure and ethereal heart is incomplete, then the spirit will not be single-minded and stable; A person who can't be single-minded and steady will not be enriched in his heart.

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5. Students translate classical Chinese into Chinese, begging children in Wei Qiao, Chang 'an. Often in town. The city was fed up with suffering, so it scattered manure. rolling

Begging in the city, clothes are as dirty as ever. When the officer knew, he disarmed and continued to beg in the city. He tried to kill it again, but he went. Sprinkler's house, the room blew itself up, and a dozen people died. There is a saying in Chang 'an: "When you see begging for wine, you don't complain about breaking your family."

For people who live in Hanyin, there is a little beggar under the Wei Qiao in Chang 'an. Often wandering in the market. Some people in the market hated him and threw dung at him. He soon begged in the market again, and his clothes were as clean as before. The official in charge knew about it, arrested him and put him in prison, while he begged in the market. Trying to kill him again, he left. Throwing dung at his house, the house was destroyed and more than a dozen people died. There is a saying in Chang 'an: "When you see a beggar, give him a drink to avoid the disaster of family destruction and death."

Sun Shuai became the prime minister of Chu, and officials and people from all over the city came to congratulate him. An old man, wearing linen mourning clothes and a white mourning hat, finally came to offer his condolences. Sun Shuai adjusted his coat and hat and came out to meet him. He said to the old man, "The King of Chu doesn't understand that I have no talent. People came to congratulate me on becoming a senior official like the Prime Minister. Only you come to mourn. Isn't there anything to teach me? " The old man said, "Have something to say. Those who are rich but arrogant to others will leave him, those who are in high positions but use their power without authorization will be disgusted by the king, and those who are well-paid but dissatisfied will hide there. " Sun Shuai bowed to the old man twice and said, "I sincerely accept your advice and want to hear the rest of your opinions." The old man said: "the higher the status, the more modest the attitude;" The bigger the official position, the more cautious; The salary is already very generous, so you shouldn't ask for extra property. If you strictly abide by these three rules, you can govern the State of Chu. "Sun Shuai said," You're right, I will definitely remember them! "Words:

Ling Yin (yǐn): the official name of Chu State, equivalent to the prime minister.

Country: refers to the capital.

H: My condolences.

Coarse clothes: wear hemp mourning clothes.

Corruption between the government and the people means being a prime minister, which is a modest statement.

Unscrupulous: you can't do it, there is no virtue.

Affected part: The disaster is hidden there.

Yi Yixia: The more you look down on yourself.

Small heart: it means you can't be too careful. Benefit more.

Full text keywords:

Sun Shuaizheng (doing, serving) Chu Lingyin, and officials and people from all over the country came to congratulate him. There was an old father (old man) who wore coarse clothes (as a verb, wearing a hat) and a white crown (as a verb, wearing a hat) and later died (originally it meant "condolence" and here it meant "mourning"). Sun Shuai was well dressed, and (on the surface) saw it, saying that his old father said, "The king of Chu didn't know that his ministers (auxiliary words, unintentional) were greedy (immoral), and his envoys were (scolded) by the officials and the people, and everyone congratulated them, but his son was left alone." Father's Day: "Yes. Those who are already expensive and proud (arrogant to others) will go (leave, abandon), those who are already high and good at power (exceed their authority) will hate (hate), and those who are already rich (generous) and dissatisfied will suffer (disaster) (hidden). " Sun Shuai bowed down again (twice) and said, "I respect your life and hope to hear about it." Father said: "The official position has been high (more), the official benefits are greater, the heart benefits are smaller (the more careful), and Lu is generous and does not take it. If you keep these three things, it will be enough (enough) to cure Chu! " What three pieces of advice did Sun Shuai take from his elders?

The original answer: 1 is already high, but the meaning is getting better.

2 the official benefits are great, but the heart benefits little.

3 Lu is too thick to handle.

Summary answer: 1 High status, more humble mentality.

You should be more careful when you are old.

The salary is very generous, but you should be more cautious and dare not ask for it.

What kind of character is Sun Shuaio in this article? Can you sum it up in your own words?

He is an open-minded person.

(2) Being in a high position and being strict with yourself, and being able to grasp yourself correctly and soberly.

People who always think of the interests of the people and the country.

What's the difference between "old father" and "one country's officials and people" in dress and action?

He wore white clothes and a white hat. "Officials and people of a country" came to congratulate him, but "father" warned him.

Add an example related to Yan Na.

Example:

1, Emperor Taizong accepted Wei Zhi's kind words and created a prosperous era of "Zhenguan rule".

2. Liu Bangshan accepted Sean's good words, defeated Xiang Yu and unified the world.

3. Zou Ji satirized Wang Qi's incompetence. This article is selected from Shen in Shuowen. When Sun Shuai became the Lingyin of Chu, officials and people came to congratulate him, but an old man came to offer condolences. Sun Shuai was not angry, but more polite. There are two strange characters written here: one is the ordinary people who dare to collide with the new Lingyin and "speak insolently"; One is a senior official of the court. In the face of the "rudeness" of ordinary people, he can be polite and accept his words with an open mind. These two strange images are in sharp contrast and set each other off. The purpose of "fun" is naturally to highlight Sun Shuaiao's modesty and due diligence as an official and his ability to listen to the opinions of others, even ordinary people. Because of this, Sun Shuai is Chu Xiang and has made great achievements. Sun Shuai 'ao's way of being an official can also be used for reference today. The author wants to tell us that an official should be modest and prudent and be able to listen to other people's opinions.

practise

1. Explain the addition of words in the following sentences:

(1) The officials and people of a country came to congratulate ()

② Rear hanging ()

(3) Sun Shuai is dressed, see it ().

(4) High status, good meaning ()

2. Translate underlined sentences in the text in modern Chinese. People who are already expensive and proud go there, people who are already high and powerful hate them, and people who are already rich and dissatisfied suffer from them. )

3. In the above "coarse clothes", the former "clothes" is interpreted as "wearing" as a verb, and the latter "clothes" is interpreted as "clothes" as a noun. Please find words with similar usage in the above article.

Reference answer

Second, 1. ① All. 2 condolences. (3) manufacturing ... correct. The more, the more. 2. If you become a big official and bosse others around, people will abandon him; The monarch will hate him for his high position and prestige; If the salary is generous and not satisfied, disaster will befall him. 3. Crown with white crown.