Fortune telling in Zhaojun Temple _ Where is Zhaojun Temple?

The folklore of Zhaojun's departure from the fortress

Nanjun County in the Western Han Dynasty is adjacent to the Three Gorges. The river is rushing, roaring day and night, with cliffs and jagged rocks on both sides. But in the peach blossom place outside the bamboo, there is also a Xiangxi River with clear willows and dark smoke. That is the hometown of Wang Zhaojun, Zigui, a place where beautiful women come forth in large numbers.

"The Biography of the Southern Xiongnu in the Later Han Dynasty" records: "Zhaojun is from Nanjun. When I was in Yuan Di, I was elected to the court and my family was good. " In Wang Zhaojun's rare historical materials, the word "good family" was found as her origin. According to historical records, a good family is not a "doctor, witch, businessman or mechanic". Therefore, under the care and pity of his parents, Wang Zhaojun was able to maintain his appearance, master Quyi, be elegant in temperament, and be beautiful and refined.

According to folklore, Wang Zhaojun's mother, 40 years old, went to the temple to pray for God one day. At night, she dreamed of a bright moon throwing herself at her, and soon gave birth to Wang Zhaojun. Therefore, Wang Zhaojun is known as the bright moon, which is the same color as the bright moon in the empty valley of the mountain stream.

In the first year of Zhao Jian, Emperor of the Han and Yuan Dynasties, he sent a letter to collect beautiful women from all over the world to supplement the harem. When Wang Zhaojun was twenty-eight, it seemed that Lan became independent and was elected to the palace. At that time, I was in my twenties and eighties, and I naturally had many plans in my heart, but the harem and Master Mo were just a chance in life. "Thousands of miles away from home, a maid-in-waiting has lived here for twenty years." For a poor woman who entered the palace, there was a feeling of confusion after joy.

Cao Xueqin, who got married in Jia Tanchun, wrote: "Smooth sailing, three thousand miles. Let's throw away the family of flesh and blood together. I'm afraid crying will damage my old age. Tell your parents not to worry. Poverty has been fixed since ancient times, and there is no chance of clutch. From now on, we will be divided into two places, each keeping safe. Slaves go, don't get involved. " I don't know if this can be used on Wang Zhaojun, but the pain of "separation of flesh and blood" is everyone's. With mixed feelings, Wang Zhaojun left home at the urging of officials. According to folklore, when Wang Zhaojun left his hometown, a peach blossom was planted in a sad mood, and the peach blossom shed tears. Peach blossom tears melt into Xiangxi and become pieces of peach blossom fish. It means "petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness".

After Wang Zhaojun entered the palace, he didn't see Yuan Di. "The Biography of Southern Xiongnu in the Later Han Dynasty" records: "When Zhao Jun entered the palace, he was a few years old, so he couldn't see the royal family, and he accumulated a lot of worries ..." Wang Zhaojun didn't see Yuan Di, not to say that she was not beautiful. The same article in "The Biography of Southern Xiongnu" wrote: "The emperor called five women to show it. Zhaojun is richly decorated, the Han Palace is splendid, and Gu Jing lingers back and forth. Seeing that he was frightened, the emperor wanted to keep it, but it was hard to break his word, so he gave it to the Huns. This is the first time that Wang Zhaojun met the emperor. The emperor was moved by "magnificent decoration and bright Han Palace" and "wanted to keep it". However, after all, Wang Zhaojun "has been in the palace for several years, and can't see the royal family". The reason is described in Ge Hong's Xijing Miscellanies.

After Wang Zhaojun entered the palace, it was customary for a painter to draw his own face and present it to the court at any time for good luck. At that time, the main painting was Mao Yanshou. "Being a man, ugliness is good, and being old is young will be true." However, Mao Yanshou was greedy by nature and asked the maid for bribes many times. Most of them gave everything to each other in order to get the call. Therefore, the bottom of the pen has been enriched, easy ugliness is beautiful, easy beauty is ugly, and salt-free beauty is beautiful. Zheng Dan has become Mo Mu. Wang Zhaojun's family is average and self-reliant. He can't afford to pay bribes, but he is also arrogant and unwilling to accommodate. Therefore, the portrait is unremarkable. "I have been in the palace for a few years and I can't see the royal family."

In the palace, Wang Zhaojun spent most of his spare time reading, writing, singing, dancing, painting and temperament, and killed time in constant enrichment and tempering. However, when I dream back in the middle of the night, there is always an uncontrollable sadness and loneliness. An inch of time has passed quietly, and time is very confused. At the same time, the life of a maid-in-waiting is like going to jail. "People outside the cage want to fly in, and people inside the cage want to fly out." Everything is involuntary. The life of a maid-in-waiting will be the most unbearable, lonely and deep into the bone marrow. Extremely painful but insoluble. In Lacrimosa, when you try to smile, you wear off the moss inch by inch, and the folds of Fahua are shocking. Maid-in-waiting is doomed to wait all her life, casting her beautiful youth on the emperor's altar and letting her squander it. One long night after another, the flowers are all red, waiting helplessly, absurdly and desperately. At the same time, there are bound to be jealousy, honor and disgrace, gains and losses, happiness and fiasco, warmth and sadness in the life of maids, and a series of thoughts are endless, morbid and crazy. Wang Zhaojun, a maid-in-waiting under concubines, has been waiting and suffering silently for several years. It is also a night when leaves fall and autumn insects moan. Outside the window, the single lamp is the most reverie, the time at home, the joy of childhood, and now my thoughts are like hemp. She is holding a pipa in her hand, playing and singing, full of sadness.

"One more day, the most heartbreaking, my parents regard me as a treasure, and it is difficult to find happiness at home; Now everything is available, pearls are new products that continue to advance, lambs can enjoy endless wine, and tears are full when they think of their hometown. The second time I looked at my watch, I thought about it carefully and reluctantly left home for three thousand miles. Who do parents rely on to support the elderly? There is no news in the palace. I want to pay my respects day and night. I miss you so much. I just wish I could go to Beijing to see the court. Midnight, half a day at night. At dusk, the moonlight is miserable, and the bottom of the account is lonely and sleepless; Acacia is gone, marriage is broken, people waste their time in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and infatuation is pitiful. The fourth time I saw it, I was in pain, miserable and tearful, and my body was miserable and heartbroken. Hate Mao Yanshou, brush deceives you, don't call her luck as a phoenix, leaving the palace desolate. Fifth, the dream is hard to come true, the inner court of the deep palace is deserted, and the night sky. When parents dream of women, women will be doubly homesick. Life is so helpless, I sigh. "

This is the "Five Tables of Sorrow" of later generations, full of bitterness and infinite sadness, mixed with deep homesickness and a trace of missing. In this kind of thinking, Wang Zhaojun spent a long day and night silently and spent many depressed days. However, "everything has a destiny since ancient times", and fate is always changing silently, even if it is thousands of miles apart.

Xiongnu is a powerful nomadic people in northern China. Due to years of internal and external wars, the national strength has been greatly consumed and the people have suffered from war. "History of Han Xiongnu Biography" records: "Xiongnu is weak, and the captors of various countries collapse. It is unreasonable to attack thieves. " In this case of frequent infighting, Han Zhi Khan confronted Uhaanyehe. Finally, with the help of the Han Dynasty, Uhaanyehe annihilated Han Zhi Khan and was able to return to the court. In 33 BC, Uhaanyehe made a pilgrimage to Chang 'an with joy and fear as a tribute to his vassal. In order to strengthen the friendship between the two countries, Emperor Han Yuan changed the name of "Zhao Jian" to "Jingning", which means long-term peace. When Uhaanyehe entered the DPRK, "courtesy is reciprocal, and clothes and silks are twice as long as Huanglong." At the same time, Uhaanyehe put forward the requirement of "willing to be China's son-in-law". Emperor Han Yuan wrote a letter saying, "Uhaanyehe will not forget his kindness and will resume the ceremony of welcoming the DPRK. I hope the fortress will spread endlessly and there will be no military revolution. Change it to Jingning and give Wang Qiang E Shi. " Uhaanyehe also wrote: "I hope that the Great Wall will spread from Shanggu West to Dunhuang. Please stop the history of the frontier fortress to repair the people of the emperor." Therefore, after Wang Zhaojun left the frontier fortress, there was nothing in the frontier fortress for many years, and the fate of such a maid-in-waiting was linked to the fate of the country.

In fact, when Wang Zhaojun "accumulated grief and grievances and asked the court to order him to do it", he also thought about it repeatedly. When faced with the peace between the two countries, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Yuan hesitated for a moment. Although there have been many legends and romances between them for no reason, people's hearts are always people's hearts. At that time, in the Han Dynasty, imperial women often pretended to be princesses and married Fan Wang. However, when Uhaanyehe came to Beijing for a kiss, the choice of "princess" was ignored.

"The Biography of the Southern Xiongnu in the Later Han Dynasty" records: "When Han evil came to Korea, the emperor gave five maids. Zhaojun entered the palace for several years and could not see the royal family; To accumulate sorrow and resentment is to ask the court for an order. The emperor told Xie Han to leave the meeting and called five women to perform. Zhaojun is richly decorated, the Han Palace is splendid, and Gu Jing lingers back and forth. When the emperor saw the shock, he wanted to keep it, but it was difficult to break his promise, so he went with the Huns. "

Generally speaking, the Emperor of the Han and Yuan Dynasties chose ladies-in-waiting, but he was reluctant to part with his beauty, and he still obeyed his ministers. I didn't know that there was a national color under his "plain" appearance, and he didn't examine it carefully. He accepted the order of the department and handled the dowry on his behalf. Therefore, the situation that "the emperor was frightened and wanted to keep it, but it was difficult to break his promise, so he went with the Huns" appeared, which was short-lived and profound compared with Wang Zhaojun's pursuit.

Although Wang Zhaojun was in the depths of the Forbidden Palace, facing the bright moon, he made a choice during his wandering time. When the Que family was chosen, the unfortunate ladies-in-waiting either went to the fortress to kiss or stayed in the empty palace. If the predecessor flies out of the cage, it may conform to the trend of freedom and history; When the latter are imprisoned, lonely, waiting and jealous, they may struggle with each other, gain or lose honor, or wait silently until they die. But in Hu Bangbang, a foreign country, people are violent, people are arrogant and extravagant, and they are clothed with felt hair and taste karma. Hu Feng is mighty and sorrowful everywhere. They face the Great Wall, sobbing at night, and the meat and cheese are terrible. How does Wang Zhaojun choose? Out of the Great Wall, "Zhaojun entered the palace for several years and did not see the royal family; If you accumulate sorrow and resentment, please ask the court to order it. "

Later generations have a romantic history here. When Emperor Han Yuan summoned Wang Zhaojun, he looked at this graceful woman with thick clothes and light weight, and he was ecstatic and carried away. In the dinner, the fragrance wafted, the clouds around the temples, and Diane's eyebrows frowned lightly, revealing a trace of bitterness. At this time, Wang Zhaojun was green, charming as a willow in the wind, blushing with pink cheeks, gorgeous as a lotus flower reflecting the sun, two thick eyebrows, shallow eyebrows, like resentment, like an empty valley and a orchid. Coping freely and behaving gracefully often eclipses the makeup of the harem and makes the emperor pity it.

Since then, the condemnation of the Han and Yuan emperors has not helped. As the saying goes, "I heard that the master of the Han Dynasty beheaded the painter, so why did the painter decide to marry her?" ? How many flowers are there in the palace? I don't know if I don't marry Khan. "Later generations in the romance at the same time, also have their own bitterness and sorrows, borrow ancient irony today," her true colors! Can you imagine the spring wind? , ring pei empty moonlit soul. The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness. " "Eyes and ears heard that is still the case, and all control yi di. "

But "Yan is far from Xiqiang, the mountains are towering, the river is turbulent, parents are embarrassed, and the road is long. Call me. Worried. " This four-character poem "Zhao Jun's Complaints" describes Wang Zhaojun's sadness and resistance when he left the fortress. Hu Jia mourns, horses gallop, drinks fishy food, Hu Bang is different from customs, far away from Huang Chen and Chung Shan Man.

According to folklore, Wang Zhaojun took the pipa and walked on the Great Wall with the old man Uhaanyehe. He meditates and feels sorry for himself alone, bored, and there is no reason to relieve his troubles. He looked at the wild geese on the horizon, played the lute, and wrote a poem "Foreign Travel", which was infinitely sad, mixed with deep homesickness and a trace of missing. The sound made people cry, and the wild geese on the horizon watched. After Wang Zhaojun arrived in Xiongnu, he was named E Shi of Hu Ning and began to live in a foreign country.

On the land of Xiongnu, yellow dust is rolling, solitary red flies south, cattle and sheep are everywhere, and grass is flourishing. Wang Zhaojun gave birth to a son named Shi, who was named the son of heaven by the King of Qi. However, in the second year of the foundation's establishment, after a short marriage, Uhaanyehe died, and Wang Zhaojun was twenty-four years old that year. A woman from the Central Plains used to drink goat's milk, live in a tent, learn to kill pigs on horseback and learn some nonsense in Alakazam. According to the custom of Xiongnu, Wang Zhaojun remarried to Khan, the eldest son, Uhaanyehe, who had just succeeded to the throne, and carved Tamoga, who gave birth to two daughters. The eldest daughter Yun ranks second, and the youngest daughter ranks second. More than ten years later, Wang Zhaojun died with the goose.

During his stay in Xiongnu, Wang Zhaojun took an active part in political affairs and played a mediating role in the communication and harmony between China and Hungary. She repeatedly persuaded Khan to make clear the imperial program, the monarch's side, cultivate statutes, do a good job in politics, recommend talents to empower the people, and reward those who have made meritorious deeds, so as to win the hearts of the people, take the advantages of the Han Dynasty and make up for the shortcomings of the Huns. At the same time, when spring comes, we will manage the grassland, plant trees and flowers, raise mulberry and hemp, raise six livestock, teach Xiongnu women the skills of picking flowers and embroidering, and explain the technology of spinning and weaving. Wang Zhaojun's careful teaching without reservation is loved by the Huns in his busyness and sincerity! After his death, Wang Zhaojun was buried in the south bank of the Black River, and the tomb was named "Qingling". "Clouds Beyond the Wall" wrote: "Wang Zhaojun's tomb has no vegetation, but it is covered with blue from a distance, so it is a blue tomb." "Journey to the North" wrote: "There are many white sands outside the Great Wall, and the air reflects them. Where there are mountains and villages, the sky has no color. If you pour thick ink, Zhaojun's tomb is hazy and distant, so it is called Qinghai-Tibet. " Another wrote: "Wang Zhaojun was buried in the south bank of the river. The cemetery is still there. After autumn, the grass outside the Great Wall is yellow, and the grass on Wang Zhaojun's tomb is green, so it is called Qinghai-Tibet. " In addition, predecessors Bai Juyi and Du Mu also described Qingyi. "If you don't see Qingyi, pedestrians pour wine." "There is a stream in front of Qingyi, and there are clouds and autumn under Yuzhishan."

In fact, among Wang Zhaojun's precious historical materials, there are disputes not only about Zhong Qing, but also about whether the account of Wang Zhaojun's marriage is true, the reason why Wang Zhaojun left the castle and the origin of Wang Zhaojun's name. Generally speaking, Wang Zhaojun is a kind of sustenance, the misery of literati, the peace and rise and fall of the country. If she has nothing, she has been romantic and singing for thousands of years. Historically, Wang Zhaojun was also called "Fei Ming". In the Western Jin Dynasty, in order to avoid taboo, Si Mazhao changed "Zhaojun" to "Mingjun" and gradually became known as "Fei Ming". Wang Zhaojun's name is generally considered to be Wang Zhaojun, whose surname is Wang and the word is Zhaojun. However, some people say that the court rules of the Western Han Dynasty stipulate that maids should not call their mothers' names from the day they entered the palace. Use the word "strong" when leaving home. This ship is carrying a young girl from Wang Xing. "Zhaojun" was the title, and on the eve of leaving the fortress, he married Wang Fan as a nobleman.

However, no matter how we scrutinize it, Wang Zhaojun's marriage with Xiongnu as a civilian is far more extensive than that of the imperial concubine. Among them, the sympathy and concern of the people, the romance and legend of the people, the birth and development of unofficial history, and the chanting and admiration of the literati all left a stunning woman in the sky, beside the vast desert and in people's dreams.

In later generations, there were countless poems, novels and operas about Wang Zhaojun, except Hanshu, Cao Qin, Xijing Miscellanies and Yuefu Ancient Poems. Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu all have a sweet soul of Wang Zhaojun in their dreams. "Swallows often make flowers in cold snow, and moths are haggard and have no sand." "They are all very tired and hard, but now they seem to be drawing." "Poor Qingling has disappeared, and there are still mourning strings left to this day." "You don't see that Nagato and Gillian are very close, and there is no north and south in life." An endless regret and sigh, an infinite confusion and bitterness.

Du Fu wrote in "Mourning Poems": "Wanzhongling Valley is near Jingmen, and Mrs. Guang was born in the village where she grew up. After a trip to Zitai and even returning to the desert, she has now become a green grave in the dusk. Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Back to the soul in the moonlight. The song of Tatar on the jade guitar tells her eternal sadness. " Du Fu poured his heart with other people's wine to restrain the emperor's ignorance of others, which made him full of resentment. In fact, through the ages, just like the bitterness and desolation in Du Fu's poems, the empty grievances and mourning strings integrated into Zhaojun abound. Red powder is declining, which is far suitable for foreign countries; The scribes are wandering and lonely. Zhong Qing's tombstone reads, "A whole body belongs to Shuo Mo, and several generations of Beijing melt ice. In terms of fame and fortune, you are almost like Huo Wei." Generally give people a kind of sustenance and comfort!