Losing camp guards and fortune telling

Guidance on Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Classification and Distribution of Qi

On the whole, the qi of human body consists of the essence of kidney, the essence of Shui Gu transported by spleen and stomach, and the clear qi inhaled by lung, which is abundant in the whole body. But specifically, human qi is diverse, and has various names because of its different main components, distribution parts and functional characteristics. There are mainly the following types:

(1) Yuan Qi (2) Zong Qi (3) Qi Ying (4) Wei Qi (5) Others.

Concept: primordial energy, also known as "primordial energy" and "true qi". It is the most basic and important qi of human body. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that primordial energy is the motive force of human life activities.

Composition and distribution: primordial qi comes from kidney. The composition of primordial qi is mainly kidney storing essence, and metaplasia depends on kidney storing essence. A difficult classic. "The Thirty-six Difficult Problems" says: "Destiny's destiny, ... also depends on vitality", which clearly points out that vitality is rooted in the "destiny" of the kidney. The essence of human kidney is based on the innate essence of parents, and also depends on the cultivation of the essence of Tianshui Valley in the later period. So, uncle ling. "Stabbing the True Evil" said: "Those who are really angry are subject to heaven, and those who are covered in it are also harmonious." It can be seen that vitality is also transformed from innate essence, which depends on the supplement of Shuigu essence, and the cultivation of acquired essence plays an important role. So, Jing Yue Quan Shu. "Spleen Meridian" says: "Therefore, people are born in old age. Anyone born with shortcomings, but the ability to cultivate the day after tomorrow, can make up for the work of heaven, but also live in half the strength of heaven. This spleen and stomach has a great influence on life. " It can be seen that the rise and fall of vitality does not depend entirely on innate endowment, but is closely related to the functional strength of spleen and stomach transporting the essence of water valley.

The primordial qi is popular all over the body through the triple energizer, from the five zang-fu organs to the five zang-fu organs and then to the outer skin, and it is used in all parts of the body through the triple energizer. So, it's hard. "sixty-six difficulties" said: "triple energizer, the original gas is different."

Function: The main function of primordial qi is to promote the growth and development of human body, and to stimulate and warm the physiological activities of various organs, meridians and other tissues and organs. Therefore, primordial qi not only has the function of "replenishing the body with grain qi", but also is the motive force of human life activities and the most basic substance to maintain life activities. When the body is full of vitality, the vitality of organs such as viscera and meridians will be vigorous, and the physical quality will be strong and less sick. Therefore, synopsis of the golden chamber says, "If the five internal organs are really unobstructed, people will be safe." On the other hand, if the congenital endowment is insufficient, or due to acquired disorder, or because of chronic illness, it can lead to insufficient production or excessive loss of vitality, which will lead to Yuan Qi deficiency, low viscera function and various diseases. Therefore, whether the vitality is abundant is an important guarantee for human health. Modern experimental data confirm that drugs for invigorating qi and benefiting Yang Can can enhance the immune function and accelerate the formation of immunity. Therefore, some people put forward the conclusion that "vitality may be the material basis for the formation of an organism's immune ability".

In addition, besides the four most important qi mentioned above, there are "Qi of viscera" and "Qi of meridians".

Concept: Zongqi, also known as "atmosphere". Zong has its original meaning. Therefore, in Soul Pivot. Among the five flavors, it is called "atmosphere". Medical law. "On Ethos" also said: "Ethos is another name for clan spirit. The patriarch respects the Lord, and the twelve meridians regards it as the Lord. " Therefore, the ancestral spirit is the spirit accumulated in the chest, and the place where the ancestral spirit accumulates in the chest is called "Qi Hai". So, uncle ling. "Five Flavors" also said: "If you can't walk because of the battle of the atmosphere, it will be called the sea of qi."

Composition and distribution: Zongqi, mainly composed of clear qi inhaled by the lungs from nature and Shui Gu essence produced by food transportation of the spleen and stomach, combines with each other. Therefore, whether the respiratory function of lung and the transport function of spleen and stomach are normal directly affects the rise and fall of clan spirit.

The distribution of ancestral qi is that it gathers in the chest, penetrates the pulse of the heart and lungs, and goes up "from the lungs, along the larynx and pharynx, so the breath comes out and the breath comes in." ("Lingshu". Five flavors "); The lower part is "Zang Dantian, which fills Yangming's Qi Street in the foot (equivalent to groin) and descends in the foot." (Four Books and Five Classics. Acupuncture. "Refusing to hide") Therefore, "Lingshu". "Stabbing the True Evil" also said: "Zongqi stays in the sea (referring to the" sea of qi "in the chest) and bets on Qi Street; The people above them are walking on the road of rest. "

Function: spiritual pivot. The evil guest said, "the ancestral spirit accumulates in the chest, comes from the throat, and rests with the heart." There are two main functions of clan spirit: one is to breathe through the airway. The strength of language, voice and breath is related to the rise and fall of clan spirit. The second is to promote qi and blood through the heart pulse. Exercise of qi and blood, cold and warm activity ability of limbs, audio-visual ability, strength and rhythm of heart beating, etc. , are related to the rise and fall of clan spirit. So clear. Zhou Xuehai pointed out in Reading Essays: "People who are angry are also angry. All the sounds of breathing, as well as body movements and strong bones and muscles, also have the function of clan spirit. "

"Su Wen. Ren Ping's Theory of Meteorology said: "The great collateral of the stomach is called deficiency, which penetrates the diaphragm and collaterals the lungs. Out of the left chest, it should be dressing, and the pulse is also angry. "

Concept: Camp is nutrition and operation. Qi Ying is the Qi that runs in the pulse with blood. Nourishing qi is rich in nutrition, so it is also called "Rongqi". Qi Ying is closely related to blood, which can be separated and inseparable, so it is often called "nourishing blood". Qi Ying and Wei Qi are relatively Yin, so they are also called "Ying Yin".

Composition and distribution: Qi Ying mainly comes from Shui Gu essence transferred from the spleen and stomach, and is generated by Shui Gu essence. Ying-qi is distributed in blood veins and becomes an important part of blood, which can run up and down the whole body with the pulse.

Function: The physiological function of invigorating qi mainly includes nourishing the whole body and transforming blood.

Concept: Defend means to defend and defend. Wei qi is the qi that runs outside the pulse. Wei Qi and Qi Ying belong to Yang relatively, so Qiwei is also a part of the human body's yang, also known as "Weiyang".

Composition and Distribution: Wei Qi is mainly generated by Shui Gu's essence, which originates from the spleen and stomach of middle jiao and develops in upper jiao. Wei Qi is characterized by "trouble and slipperiness", which means that Wei Qi's activity ability is particularly strong and he moves quickly. Therefore, its distribution is that Wei-qi is not restricted by blood vessels, and it runs between skin and flesh, smoked in the capsule and scattered in the chest and abdomen. Therefore, "Su Wen. The theory of arthralgia syndrome says: "Wei ... cannot enter the pulse, so it follows the skin, divides the meat, smokes in the stomach and disperses in the chest and abdomen. "

Function: the physiological function of defending qi mainly includes three aspects: first, guarding the muscle surface to prevent the invasion of foreign pathogens. The second is to warm and tonify viscera, muscles and fur. The third is to adjust and control the opening and closing of acupoints and the excretion of sweat to maintain a relatively constant body temperature.

It should be pointed out that harmony is mainly generated by the essence, but "camp is in the pulse" and "defense is outside the pulse" (spiritual pivot. Camp health conference "); The camp owner guards from the inside, which belongs to yin, and guards from the outside, which belongs to yang. The operation between them must be coordinated without losing normality, in order to maintain the normal opening and closing of acupoints, normal body temperature, normal "night sleep" and normal ability to defend against external evils; On the other hand, if the camp and the guards are not in harmony, there may be aversion to cold, fever, no sweat or excessive sweat, and "sleepless nights in the poor days" (soul pivot. Camp health conference), as well as low ability to resist external evils and so on.

In addition, besides the four most important qi mentioned above, there are "Qi of viscera" and "Qi of meridians".

It should be pointed out that in Chinese medicine, there are many names of qi. For example, the nutrients absorbed by the human body from food and drinks are called "Shui Gu essence" and "grain essence"; Call pathogenic substances or factors "evil spirits"; Abnormal water in the body is called "water vapor"; The physiological function and disease resistance of the whole body are called "healthy qi"; The four properties and functions of traditional Chinese medicine are called "four qi" and so on. It can be seen that the "Qi" in TCM has the characteristics of ambiguity, including being "nature", "function" and "climate". But these are different from the "qi" that constitutes the basic substance of the human body discussed in this section.