Li language distribution area

Li dialect is one of the seven major dialects of China Min dialect, which is mainly distributed in western Guangdong, such as Maoming and Yangjiang, with a small amount in coastal areas of Guangxi (such as Beihai). In Maoming area, most areas of Dianbai County (except Shalang, Huangling, Negang, Guanzhu, Luokeng, Wang Fu, Xia Dong, Daya and Lintou), Maogang District and Maonan District (Aotou, Meihua and other towns) mainly speak Li, and it is generally considered that Dianbai Xia Dong and Lintou are the most standard areas for Dianbai. Of course, residents also speak vernacular now. According to the cultural relics survey in 1982 county, there were human activities in Dianbai county as early as 7000 years ago. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the ancestors of Baiyue flourished here. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the eastern, northeastern and central parts of the county were mainly inhabited by Yao people, while the coastal areas from southwest to northwest and the areas along the river were mainly inhabited by Li and Zhuang people. It is difficult to verify when the Han people first immigrated, but since the Song Dynasty, a large number of Han people immigrated to China. From the period of Song Huizong (11-125) to the period of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1398), there were wars in the Central Plains, and Fujian was sparsely populated. In addition, there are descendants of Shendian garrison officers and soldiers (mostly from Zhejiang), businessmen who came here to do business and trade, and some officials who once worked in Gao, Lei, Lian, Qiong and other counties chose to live here after resigning-they have thrived here, so the number of Han people in China is more and more dominant, and the original indigenous people have to migrate to Guangxi, Hainan and other places, and some of them have assimilated with the Han people. The complexity of immigrant composition makes Dianbai dialect in a complicated state. Fujian Putian people moved in earlier, and they occupied the fertile plains in the middle and lower reaches of Shalang River and the southern coastal areas, including Jinxiadong, Yang Jiao, Lintou, Poxin, Qi Jing, Liang Xiao, Shayuan, Nanhai, Shuidong, Chencun, Danchang, Longshan and Bohe. The dialects spoken in this area are mainly descendants of Fujian Putian immigrants, and the locals call them "Li dialect". At the same time, another part of Fujian fishermen moved to Dianbai coastal fishing for a living. Later, they gradually settled in the eastern coastal areas, and some people gave up fishing and started farming. Their descendants are now distributed in Magang, Shuzai, Diancheng, Jueshan, Lingmen and Mata. The dialect they speak is called "Shanghai dialect" by the locals. Shanghai dialect and Li dialect can speak, and both belong to Min dialect.

Dianbaili dialect is mainly distributed in Xia Dong, Lintou, Chencun, Shuidong, Danchang and Longshan in Dianbai County, Yang Jiao, Poxin in Maogang District, Qi Jing, Nanhai, Shayuan, Liang Xiao, and most parts of Meihua Town in Maonan District, with slight differences in pronunciation. According to rough statistics, the population speaking Li dialect is nearly 6.5438+0 million. The word "Li dialect" is sometimes different in local chronicles and various monographs. In the thirty-fifth year of the Republic of China (1946), Dianbai dialect was divided into three categories: Haicang, Hakka and Vietnamese, and Li dialect was classified as Haicang without being listed separately. The 2000 edition of Dianbai County Records divides the dialects in the county into 1 1, such as Leihua dialect, Suihua dialect (namely, Ya dialect) and vernacular, among which Leihua dialect is divided into Li dialect and Dong dialect. Research on Old Orthodoxy (China Social Sciences Press, 2006) classifies Dianbai dialect into four categories: Min dialect, Hakka dialect (namely, Ya dialect), Cantonese and Orthodoxy, among which Min dialect is divided into Li dialect and Hai dialect. The love of mother tongue is common to everyone. My teacher, Mr. Tan, is the best teacher who studies the words in Li dialect. In his early years, Mr. Wang published a monograph on the words used in Li dialect. He quoted the classics in ancient books such as Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Guang Yun to annotate the words in the Li dialect, and cited proverbs as examples, which were extremely incisive. I treasured two of them as arch walls. Unfortunately, in 2003, the family built a house and moved the books to a temporary room for storage. Due to poor storage, some books were stolen, and Mr. Wang's works were among them, which was very sad. Due to the increasing mobility of people, people in cities have more and more contact with the outside world, and there are more and more opportunities for Li dialects to be impacted by other languages in daily communication. The pronunciation of some Li dialects has been assimilated by foreign languages or will be assimilated soon. It can be expected that some pronunciations of Li dialect will lose their original phonology.