Appreciation of the Original and Translation of Tomb Gate by Anonymous

Original text of the tomb door: There are thorns at the tomb door, and the axe takes this as the basis. You are a ruler with a bad conscience. Everyone in the country knows who doesn't know! You know, if you don't stop at the brink, these sins are not caused in a day! There are jujube branches in front of your passage, and a group of night owls live on the branches. You traitor's bad conscience, listen to our folk songs to warn you! Singing and singing, you don't listen to this, until you think of our advice!

The door of your tomb is covered with jujube branches, which can be eradicated by waving an iron axe. You stupid gentleman, your conscience is broken, and the whole country knows which one it is! Knowing that you won't pull back from the brink, these sins were not caused in a day! Your grave door is covered with jujube branches, and a group of night owls perch on the branches and cry. You heartless traitor, listen to us sing folk songs to warn you! You don't listen to this at all until you are knocked down. Remember our advice!

Note 1 tomb gate: tomb gate. Name Chen Guocheng. 2 thorns: Ziziphus jujuba. Student: Analysis, segmentation and cutting. Husband: This person refers to Chen Tuo. 5 Keep knowing: Although everyone knows, he remains the same. 6 who used to be: the past lasts forever. Ran: That's it. May: Li Zishu. When Mei is said to be a thorn, Mei's ancient prose is "Mei", which is close to the shape of a thorn, leading to mistakes. 8 Owl (xiāo): Owl, the ancients thought it was a bad bird. Extraction: gathering and living. News: Use it as "year old" to reprimand and admonish. Ten cares: tube, care. ⑾ upside down: fall down.

Appreciating the tomb door because there are several words in the preface, such as "Chen Tuo has no good teacher, so that injustice is imposed on everyone", which is what Zheng said, leading to ambiguity. The "husband" in the poem, that is, Peter, refers to Chen Tuo, but Mao Chuan interprets it as: "husband is also lucky. Jian Zheng said: "Chen Tuo's master is not good, and ministers know it." "People all know that he (pointing to his master) is guilty and not punishing him will eventually lead to disaster. Uncle Kong further developed: "Chen Tuo's death is unknown, and he saw the teachings of a good Greek teacher (sparse), so he had this evil ... So he warned Yun:" Your teacher is not good, and everyone in China knows it. Why don't you retreat? "If you want to retreat from evil, Fu will be a good teacher. After such misinterpretation, the spearhead of this poem turned from Chen Tuo to his master. On the one hand, Uncle Kong called Chen Tuo's evil "evil by his master, so he called it this reason", and on the other hand, he also called "falsely surrendering this poem to stab Tuo", which obviously cannot be justified. Zheng said to him, "Unjust people rely on killing Wang to stand on their own feet. Uncle Kong said, "The injustice is greater than regicide. ..... Chen Tuo regicide self-reliance. ..... The eldest son killed by Chen Tuo was exempted, but he called it regicide, so as to avoid the death of the eldest son and his father, and the contemporary father was exempted from being a monarch. Chen Tuo killed it and took its country, so he took it as regicide. " It is certain that Chen Tuo is the chief culprit of stealing the country and killing the king, and the crime is very serious, which is attributed to the evil teacher. I hope that Chen Tuo will retreat from the evil teacher and pull back from the brink. This absurd ethical logic can only expose the author's intention to excuse the ruler. Even if the ruler has a rebellious trip, he will let others take the blame, which may be caused by gentle and sincere poetry teaching. Hu's Notes on Mao's Poems pointed out: "If Huan Gong dies, he will be a villain, but he still complains about his bad work and his party's evil. There is no way to break the prison. 」

By the Song Dynasty, some scholars had realized the misinterpretation of classic communication. Su Zhe pointed out in "Biography of Poetry": "When Huan Gong is in the world, Chen people know that he can't be a minister, but if Huan Gong doesn't go, it will be chaotic. It is because China people blame Huan Gong and think that they are not as clever as the latter, so they stab him with the "tomb door". Husband, refers to Chen Tuo also. People in China know that it tastes bad; Who cares if you know or not? Yao Jiheng said that Su Shi was "good at saying this poem" (The Book of Songs, National Style), and Wu Kaisheng's Comprehension of Poetry also pointed out that the preface was a sentence of "no good teacher, Fu Yun" and "husband is not good", which was not hidden at first, but the captors reprimanded Fu Xiang with "husband", which was a vain solution to the poor Confucianism. My son is right, yes. "Among the poets, there are also people who disagree that this poem is a thorn of Chen Tuo. For example, Zhu's Biography of Poetry said, "The so-called' bad' people don't know what it means. Cui Shu's "Reading the Wind Occasionally" also believes that "it is absolutely impossible to take the tomb door as the thorn of Chen Tuo" and "someone will have a thorn, and he will lose his biography, and his order is stronger than his ear".

As a political satire, this poem has only two chapters and twelve sentences. It is short and pithy, and its four-character poem is abrupt, conveying the tone of reprimand and warning. The two chapters begin with animals and plants, and their symbolic significance is intriguing, which shows the poet's contempt and condemnation of evil forces. But the country is still dominated by bad people and has done many unjust things. Therefore, four or five sentences in each chapter, with the help of "thimble", push poetry to a higher level and turn it into a sigh, which can be felt as worrying about the country and the people. This poem can be said to be a direct criticism, implicit and profound.

The Creation Background of Tomb Gate This is a poem that satirizes and rebukes the ruler with evil deeds, probably from a folk singer. "Preface to Shi Mao" points out that "the tomb door" stabbed Chen Tuo to death. Chen Tuo was the son of Chen Wengong in the Spring and Autumn Period. After Wen Gong's death, his brother Huan Gong (named Bao) succeeded to the throne. According to "Zuo Zhuan Huan Gong Five Years", "Chen Houbao died. Go again (sent two obituaries). So Chen was chaotic, and Wen Gongzi killed his eldest son instead, and Gong (Huan Gong) was sick. " Chen Tuo killed the prince when Huan Gong was ill. After the death of Huan Gong, he became king on his own, and the fruit of Chen Guo was in chaos. Later, Cai Guo was in chaos in Chen Guoping, and finally Chen Tuo was killed. According to the Preface to Shi Mao, this poem was written for Chen Tuo. Poems: Tomb Gate Poetry Author: Pre-Qin anonymous poetry classification: The Book of Songs, resentful thorn