The efficacy of potatoes

Potatoes have the following four functions and functions:

1. Potatoes are very good food, high in potassium and low in sodium, which is very suitable for obese people with edema. In addition, its potassium content is almost the highest among vegetables, so it also has the effect of stovepipe.

2. It can be used to treat stomachache, rib tuberculosis, carbuncle, eczema and scald. It is a traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the stomach, and it is also a drug for detoxification and detumescence. It is flat in nature and sweet in taste.

3. Modern research has proved that potato has special effects in mediating dyspepsia, and it is a good medicine and high-quality health care product for patients with stomach diseases and heart diseases. Potatoes are rich in nutrition and are one of the anti-aging foods.

According to foreign research, the antibacterial ingredients contained in potatoes are helpful to prevent gastric ulcer, which not only has antibacterial effect, but also does not produce drug resistance.

Potato (SolanumtuberosumL.) belongs to Panicum of Solanaceae, and its tuber is edible. It is the fourth most important food crop in the world, second only to wheat, rice and corn. Potatoes, also known as eggs, potatoes, potatoes and so on. , is a tuber of Solanaceae. Together with wheat, rice, corn and sorghum, it has become the five major crops in the world.

Potatoes are native to the Andes in South America, and the history of artificial cultivation can be traced back to southern Peru from about 8000 BC to 5000 BC.

The main potato producers are China, Russian, Indian, Ukrainian and American. China is the country with the largest potato output in the world.

In 20 15, China will start the strategy of potato staple food, and promote potato processing into steamed bread, noodles, rice noodles and other staple foods, and potato will become another staple food besides rice, wheat and corn.

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Growth condition

Potato likes to be cold and cool, and it is a crop that likes low temperature. The formation and growth of underground potato requires a loose, breathable, cool and moist soil environment.

Temperature requirements for potatoes: the optimum temperature for tuber growth is 16℃~ 18℃, and when the local temperature is higher than 25℃, tuber growth stops; The optimum temperature for stem and leaf growth is 15℃~25℃, and it will stop growing when it exceeds 39℃.

The potato was introduced into China only 300 years ago. It is said that it was introduced from Southeast Asia by overseas Chinese, and the potato planting area in China ranked second in the world in 2 1 century. Potato has high yield, rich nutrition and strong adaptability to the environment, and now it has spread all over the world. Tropical and subtropical countries can plant and obtain high yield even in winter or cool season.

morphological character

1. Tuber morphology

Herbs. The fruit is stem-shaped, oblate or 15-80 cm tall, spherical, glabrous or pubescent. The stem is divided into two parts: aboveground stem and underground stem. Oblong, about 3- 10 cm in diameter, with white, red or purple skin. The skin of potato is white, yellow, pink, red, purple and black, and the pulp of potato is white, light yellow, yellow, black, cyan, purple and black purple.

2. Plant morphology

The stems on the ground of fibrous roots are rhombic and hairy. Primary leaves are simple and intact. With the growth of plants, odd-numbered and unequal-length pinnate compound leaves are gradually formed. Leaflets often alternate in size, 10-20 cm long; Petiole is about 2.5-5 cm long; Leaflets, 6-8 pairs, oval to oblong, the largest is 6 cm long and 3.2 cm wide, the smallest is less than 1 cm long, the apex is pointed, the base is slightly unequal, the whole side is white and fluffy, there are 6-7 lateral veins on each side, the apex is slightly curved, and the petiole is about 1-8 mm long.

Corymb terminal, posterior lip, with white or blue-purple flowers; Calyx bell-shaped, about 65438 0 cm in diameter, sparsely outside, 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, apex long tapering; Corolla radial, about 2.5-3 cm in diameter, corolla tube hidden in calyx, about 2 mm long, crown brim about 65438 0.5 cm long, lobes 5, triangle, about 5 mm long; Stamens are about 6 mm long and anthers are 5 times as long as filaments. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, style about 8 mm long, stigma capitate.

3. Fruit morphology

Potato is spherical, smooth, brown or purple-brown, with a diameter of about 65438 0.5 cm. Seeds kidney-shaped, yellow. Flowers bloom in summer.

References:

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