What are the engagement requirements of Hunan people?

Etiquette and custom-an important custom for engaged men and women to get married. During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, matchmakers shuttled between the families of men and women as matchmakers. If the woman's family (mainly her parents) agree, the eight characters of the year, month, day and time of the woman's birth will be dyed red, and then the man's family (mainly his parents) will send the eight characters of the age of both men and women to the fortune teller, commonly known as the "eight characters". If you agree to this marriage, you will keep the woman's character, otherwise you will return the woman's character. After the eight characters were combined, the matchmaker immediately reported the good news to the woman. As long as the woman has no objection, the marriage is basically settled. Subsequently, the man brought the bride price and eight characters to the woman, and the woman returned her shoes and hats to the man as a sign of marriage. This is called engagement. After 1949, feudal matchmakers gradually disappeared, and so did the bad habits of central media cutting and eight-character matching. Marriage between men and women is generally through self-knowledge and introduction, and then mutual understanding, love construction and relationship determination. The introduction of others only serves as a bridge. Whether married or not, both parties are independent, and no third party (including parents) is allowed to arrange or interfere.

Etiquette and custom-betrothal gifts for engaged and married men and women. It is a traditional and ancient custom in Hunan Province that the man's family should send pork, chickens, ducks, cigarettes, wine and tea to the woman's family, and the rich family should send pearls, agates, gem ring, bracelets and necklaces. The amount of bride price depends on the economic conditions of the man's family. This custom continues to this day. With the improvement of living standards, men give more bride price to women. In 1950s and 1960s, the bride price given by the man to the woman was usually 4-8 sets of clothes and a table of meat. Sending sewing machines, bicycles, watches and radios in the 1970s was called "three turns and one ring". After 80s, we will send color TV sets, tape recorders, refrigerators, sofas and cash, ranging from several thousand yuan to tens of thousands of yuan. However, the bride price given by the man, except the dishes of the banquet, is generally brought to the man as the dowry of the woman.

Etiquette and custom-marriage is also called marriage. After the man chooses the auspicious day for his wedding, the matchmaker will notify the woman with stickers a few months or earlier before the wedding, so that the woman can prepare the dowry. The amount of dowry depends on the amount of bride price given by the man and the wealth of the woman's family. Poor people have only one or two beds and a small amount of furniture; Paint big beds, tables, chairs and cabinets for the rich, or prepare farmland, handmaids and horses. When the man gets married, the man prepares the sedan chair, and the accompanying band is guided to the woman's house by the matchmaker. A table of incense was placed in front of the woman's house. When the sedan chair arrives, it is called "receiving the sedan chair". Later, a banquet was held to entertain the reception team. In the evening, the woman's family prepared a banquet, held a banquet in the hall, sat on her mother's table and sat next to her, and chose Fuze's old woman to guide the drink, which was called "Li Niang wine". After three rounds of drinking, I took my daughter back to my room and asked my aunts and sisters to sing. Every capital is a song. The matchmaker asks for money for the flower box, which is called "playing the flower box". The next morning, the sedan chair was transferred at the right time. The bride wears a large bronze mirror on her chest (to ward off evil spirits), a rockhopper or an oolong handkerchief, or a hydrangea handkerchief to bid farewell to her ancestors. Then, Fukuzawa carried the woman's sedan chair. After the bride gets on the sedan chair, she locks the door and her little brother or other relatives and children take care of the keys. The sedan chair was also smashed, and the band was full of money, and things came first. Many women's uncles, brothers and male relatives were sent to the man's house. On the way to the sedan chair, if you meet the official sedan chair, the sedan chair should take the main road (left) and the official sedan chair should take the small side (right). Because marriage is a major event in life, commonly known as "small graduation", officials have to give way. If the sedan chair meets the sedan chair, the bride exchanges scissors with each other. When crossing a mountain or a bridge, the bride should give the bearers a red envelope as a consolation and reminder. When the head shop was carried to the man's house and entered the first door, Fu Xuan's wife symbolically weighed it with a scale, saying "heavy", which meant that Duff's married life was older. Sedan chair and husband should meet outside the village and take umbrellas and other things to see them off. At the same time, the incense table was placed to pick up the sedan chair, and Fukuzawa's wife was chosen as the maid. The sedan chair opened, and the maid led the bride into the ancestral temple. The husband and wife worshipped their ancestors, the heaven and the earth for the second time, and the high hall for the third time. The husband and wife worshipped each other, and then they worshipped Weng Gu and uncle in turn, and called them "meeting the bride". Then the maid introduced them into the bridal chamber. That night, friends and relatives and young people in the neighborhood went to the bridal chamber to let the bride and groom drink ginger tea. The day before the wedding, the media, the day after the wedding. After 1949, the wedding has no rules. However, because marriage is a great event in a person's life, people like to gather relatives and friends to celebrate, Hakka people give gifts to congratulate them, and the host family prepares banquets to reward them. In rural areas, some people still follow the old marriage customs. 1957 ~ 1979, the wedding is new and simple. Some people took part in a group wedding, while others got married on a tour. The extravagance and extravagance in the post-80 s marriage is getting bigger and bigger, and the wind of extravagance and waste is serious.

Etiquette and custom-crying marriage is an important wedding custom in some areas of Hunan Province, especially in Chenzhou, Yongzhou and Hengyang. Crying marriage not only means that the married girl cries alone, but also means that the mother and daughter cry together, and the married girls cry together and each other. You cry, I cry, and my face is full of tears. The content of crying is complex and varied, some cry for parents, some cry for uncles and aunts, some cry for sisters, some cry for farewell to ancestors, some cry for eight characters, some cry for poor family, some cry for not going to school and being illiterate, and so on. There are also ceremonies such as opening face, combing hair, arranging flowers and offering sacrifices to ancestors on the eve of marriage as the content of crying. On the wedding night, crying marriage reached its climax. Married girls, together with their partners, cried one by one according to wedding etiquette, and cried almost all night. Crying for marriage is a way to express one's heart, and it is also related to the belief that crying will make one's family prosperous and that crying will make one's family prosperous. Crying to get married has a deep meaning. For example, while crying, the mother advised her daughter: "Mother advised her daughter to go out, be filial to her parents, know each other and love each other, and husband and wife will get along well for a hundred years, and uncles and brothers should be kind." While crying, the daughter advised her mother: "A woman advises her mother to take care of herself. You are blessed and fortunate, your parents are happy for a hundred years, and your descendants will be generations. " The daughter cried for a wedding dress: "A good horse has no saddle and no one rides it. A good man has no clothes and someone bullies him." Please be merciful and give me more clothes. " The crying method of crying marriage is different from the usual crying method, that is, it is not wailing or low position, but performing crying singing, and repeating "mm-mm-mm-mm-mm-mm" from slow to fast. Being able to cry, reputation is the symbol of education, and it is the result of training in the marriage of partners in the past. After 1949, the marriage custom of crying marriage gradually disappeared.

Etiquette and custom-making trouble with the bridal chamber is also called making trouble with the bride. On the wedding night, it is a custom for guests and young people nearby to tease the bride. After the wedding reception, all the guests and young people in the neighborhood asked the groom to "see the bride". So, the groom accompanied everyone into the bridal chamber. When entering the bridal chamber, people often read four words to express their congratulations, such as: "The tea dish is golden, the tea turns deeper, the husband and wife are on a blind date, and they hold their children and grandchildren early." At the beginning of the bridal chamber, one of the maids or guests pushed the red jujube lamp in the bed account, which was called "Tian Ding". After the tripod, the maid stood in the room with the bride and groom, and the guests sat around. If the new house can't accommodate guests, quarrel with the bride in the main hall. When the bride offered her host a cup of wedding candy and sweet tea, the host deliberately refused to accept it, but gave it to the person sitting next to her, and the person sitting next to her also gave it to her neighbor. In this way, although the bride paced up and down the room, everyone ignored her, so the quarrel with the bride began. Later, the bride was asked to sing and dance, or the bride and groom were asked to hug. Some of them put forward some difficult questions for the bride and groom to answer. Some of them played practical jokes, wet the bed of the bride and groom or put ants on it, which made it difficult for them to sleep that night. In a word, the programs and ways of bridal chamber are varied and humorous. "Making trouble with the bridal chamber" and "making trouble with the bride" are meant to bless the bride and groom, so men, women and children can make a scene. For the bride and groom, of course, it is a great trouble, but we have to accept this "celebration". Today, although the custom of having a bridal chamber has changed a lot, it is more civilized and full of the characteristics of the times, but this custom has been inherited.

One of the marriage forms of Yao, Miao, Dong and Han. Popular in many parts of the province, Jianghua Yao and Chengbu Miao are the most prosperous. Yao women in mountainous areas enjoy a high status. Generally, they don't get married outside, but stay at home to "find a husband". People who have no daughters often have to "take" a daughter. When you grow up, you will "recruit a husband to continue the family and let men get married." This is called "recruiting a husband", "adopting a son in law" or "inserting the door backwards". After the introduction of "Zhaolang", the female elders called it a son and nephew, avoiding calling it a son-in-law and nephew. Call each other brothers and avoid calling each other brothers; Young students call uncles and uncles, but avoid calling them uncles, so as not to be suspected of "people with other surnames". A suitable family enjoys the right to control and inherit property in the husband's family. " Zhaolang can be divided into "two non-sects" and "men follow women's surnames". The "two non-factions" are also called "two-way" and "half-trick". That is, the production and life of both men and women's families should be taken care of after marriage. The first child born takes the mother's surname, the second takes the father's surname, and so on. "Male with female surname" means that the man goes to the woman's house, gives birth and lives in the woman's house, changes his surname to the woman, and all the children born take their mother's surname. In the "Zhao Lang" marriage of Han nationality, it is not strict for a man to change his surname to a female surname after "Zhao Lang" or "being adopted by his wife". Some children who change their female surnames follow their mother's surnames, while others who do not change their female surnames do not follow their mother's surnames.

Etiquette and custom-congratulations on birthdays This is the birthday custom of babies born in Hunan Province. The whole family was overjoyed when the baby was born. The son-in-law immediately goes to his father-in-law's house to report good news, also called good news. When the children arrive in the Three Dynasties, especially when the first child arrives in the Three Dynasties, grandma will ask people to choose food such as rice, glutinous rice, wine, liqueur, chickens and ducks, eggs, pork and pork legs. And send baby clothes, pants, shoes and socks, hats, etc. And bring quilts, small quilts, suspenders, flowered skirts and other things to Hesheng. Other relatives and friends send "long life and wealth" earrings or necklace locks to congratulate their children on their auspicious birth, and the host holds a banquet for them, which is called "brewing ginger wine" to wash the three dynasties. Since then, the children have been over 100 days and over one year old, and they have hosted banquets for many times to celebrate. This custom has been passed down to this day, and the specifications of banquets are getting higher and higher, and the cost is getting higher and higher.