What are the precursors of new coronary pneumonia?

COVID-19 generally has no obvious symptoms. In the early stage of COVID-19's post-infection disease, some patients may have no obvious symptoms. Most other patients mainly show fever, dry cough and fatigue. But in addition, due to individual differences, patients may also have symptoms such as muscle pain, chest tightness, itchy throat, sore throat, stuffy nose, runny nose, diarrhea and abnormal taste. These symptoms lack specificity and can be seen in many diseases, which are not unique to COVID-19. Therefore, it is difficult for patients to identify whether they are infected with COVID-19 by the symptoms themselves. When the above-mentioned symptoms appear and you think that you have had contact with COVID-19 and infected people in the past, you should go to the fever clinic of designated medical institutions as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis.

What are the typical symptoms in novel coronavirus?

Patients with COVID-19's disease are characterized by fever, dry cough and fatigue. There are also some patients with nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, loss or loss of smell and taste, conjunctivitis.

Muscle pain and diarrhea are the main manifestations.

COVID-19 patients infected with Omicron vaccine have no obvious clinical symptoms and mild symptoms. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19's patients are mainly mild to moderate fever, dry throat, sore throat, stuffy nose, runny nose and other symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.

Symptoms.

Mild patients may have low fever, mild fatigue, smell and taste disorders. No pneumonia.

Performance.

Severe patients often have dyspnea and/or hypoxemia one week after onset.

Severe cases can rapidly develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome.

septicemia

shock

Metabolic acidosis is difficult to correct.

And coagulation dysfunction.

And multiple organ failure.

Very few patients can also have manifestations such as central nervous system involvement and ischemic necrosis of limbs.

It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever or even no obvious fever during the course of the disease.

In addition to the above symptoms, there may be a variety of system manifestations:

Changes in smell and taste

The first symptom of some patients is the loss of smell or taste. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists the loss of sense of smell or taste as a new symptom of novel coronavirus infection. Olfactory loss is a potential screening symptom, which helps to find suspected cases or guide isolation and protection. Therefore, it is suggested that patients with sudden anosmia should be regarded as potential infected persons in novel coronavirus.

Symptoms of digestive system

Novel coronavirus-infected people can show a variety of symptoms of digestive system, even as the first symptom, which needs to be highly valued by medical workers, identified as soon as possible, and properly protected and disinfected.

Work. COVID-19's digestive system symptoms can be manifested as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, abnormal liver enzymes and so on. In severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding may occur.

. Among them, diarrhea is the most common, and the number, duration and severity of diarrhea are reported differently. Literature reports that diarrhea can be used as an independent risk factor to predict severe patients.

Eye symptoms

COVID-19 patients may have ocular symptoms, mainly conjunctivitis, and the prevalence rate is 0.8%~3 1.6%. COVID-19 infection

The main eye symptoms are eye pain, itchy eyes, foreign body sensation, tears and excessive eye secretions, mainly manifested as conjunctival congestion and conjunctival edema. Eye symptoms can appear 0~7 days before fever or respiratory symptoms, or after fever and other symptoms.

Symptoms of nervous system

Although patients with COVID-19's disease are mainly manifested as respiratory symptoms, they may be accompanied by a variety of nervous system symptoms in the course of the disease, and some patients even take nervous system symptoms as the first symptom without typical respiratory symptoms.

Patients with severe COVID-19's disease are more likely to have ischemic stroke.

And stroke

The occurrence of stroke may further lead to poor prognosis of these patients, and some patients may die of stroke. The key to treatment is to prevent mild patients from progressing to severe ones. COVID-19 patients with acute ischemic stroke should be treated by experienced neurologists and infectious diseases doctors, and the treatment should be based on the possible causes. For hypercoagulable patients (D- dimer

Abnormal increase), some scholars suggest that when weighing intracranial hemorrhage.

If there is risk, give low molecular weight heparin.

Anticoagulation therapy, but whether anticoagulation therapy can reduce the risk of ischemic stroke needs further study.

The EEG of some COVID-19 patients can show abnormal epilepsy.

Like discharges or slow-wave activity, when people with COVID-19's disease have unexplained disturbance of consciousness.

, confusion or mental state change, arousal disorder and abnormal paroxysmal movement (myoclonic), EEG can be used as a part of auxiliary diagnosis to help clarify the cause.

Guillain-Barre syndrome induced by novel coronavirus infection can be manifested as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and acute motor axis simple neuropathy.

And Miller-Fisher syndrome characterized by acute ophthalmoplegia, gait ataxia and weakened tendon reflex.

Skin manifestation

Skin manifestations of patients with COVID-19's disease mainly occur in trunk and limbs.

Among the early skin manifestations in COVID-19, erythema and papules are the most common manifestations (36.4%), followed by herpes papules (34.7%) and vascular diseases (65,438+05.3%), including ecchymosis, ecchymosis, purpura and chilblain.

Appearance and Raynaud phenomenon, cherry hemangioma

And purplish red papules and urticaria on the limbs.

(9.7%)。 In addition, it can also be manifested as a chicken pox-like rash or even a scaly rash.

The most prominent phenomenon in severe or advanced cases is "coronavirus pneumonia toe", that is, chilblain-like lesions, which often occur in limbs. The damage was initially a red pigment papule, similar to chilblain. After 1 week, the color of the lesion gradually deepened to purple and flattened, which could be relieved by itself, and there was no Raynaud phenomenon in the affected finger (toe).

These lesions may be painful, sometimes itchy and sometimes asymptomatic, and may be the only symptom or late manifestation of novel coronavirus infection.

Other manifestations include oral ulcers.

, accompanied by gingivitis

And blisters.

Psychological and behavioral problems

Patients with COVID-19's disease may lead to post-traumatic stress disorder in the later stage.

. The epidemic situation in COVID-19 is a sudden public health crisis, which not only threatens the health of patients, but also brings psychological shock to patients and causes corresponding psychological and behavioral problems.

In addition, the symptoms of children's cases are more characteristic than those of adults.

The symptoms of children's cases are relatively mild, and some children and newborns may have atypical symptoms, such as vomiting and diarrhea, or only poor response and shortness of breath.

Very few children can have multi-system inflammation.

Syndrome (MIS-C), similar to Kawasaki disease.

Or atypical Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome or macrophage activation syndrome. Most of them occur in the recovery period. The main manifestations of children are fever with rash, non-suppurative conjunctivitis, mucosal inflammation and hypotension.

Or shock, coagulation disorders.

Acute gastrointestinal symptoms and so on. Once it happens, the condition can deteriorate sharply in a short time.