Xie Chang fortune-telling

On weekends, I will accompany my friends to the opera and ask what is going on in the theater. Ask some jargon, pay attention ~

Mm-hmm ~

[Laughter]

The jargon, also known as spray field, refers to the fact that actors can't laugh when they are separated from the plot and characters in the performance, which destroys the seriousness and authenticity of stage art.

[Miss]

Jargon. Refers to the actor's late arrival at the theater to dress up and delay his appearance.

[playing]

Jargon. Contrary to mistakes. Of an actor appearing on the stage too early in a performance.

[stage fright]

Jargon. Actors are out of control because of their inexperience on the stage for the first time or unfamiliar with the repertoire, which affects the performance effect.

[halo field]

Jargon. Actors are flustered due to inexperience or excessive mental pressure, and stage accidents such as forgetting words, singing mistakes and missing hands occur.

[ice]

Jargon refers to the sudden stop of the stage performance because the actors forget the words and say the wrong things. It is one of the most taboo phenomena in stage performance. No matter what happens, you shouldn't be interrupted during the performance.

[rescue]

Jargon. Refers to the sudden mistakes in the performance, and the relevant personnel on the same stage should take corresponding measures to remedy them in time so that the performance can continue.

[turn over]

Jargon. During the performance, the actors thought that the mistakes of the same actor or band caused dissatisfaction and reprimanded each other on the spot, which led to the interruption of the performance.

[playing]

Jargon. Because the actor has no experience in acting, the teacher takes care of the side curtain to stabilize his mood. Sometimes, the performance will be marked with a celebrity, which not only raises the actor's worth, but also attracts the audience.

[drinking water field]

Jargon. The old customs of Beijing Opera Troupe. In the past, when Peking Opera actors performed on the stage, inspectors often sent tea to the stage for the actors to drink on the spot to moisten their voices. In 1950s, someone proposed to purify the stage, and this custom was eliminated.

[Holding a horn]

Jargon. Also known as support. It refers to creating momentum by buying theater tickets, applauding the audience, writing articles, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of improving the status of actors or troupes.

[mingchang]

Jargon. Relative to the dark field. All the scenes performed by actors on the stage are called Mingting.

[dark field]

Jargon. Compared with the Ming dynasty. Some plots of some plays are not performed on the stage, but behind the scenes. Either through the character's lines or through the use of sound effects. For example, the part where Sean was punished in court in "The Fisherman Killed the Child" is a black-box operation, which is explained by the sound of the officers behind the scenes hitting the board.

[Xie Chang]

Also known as Fujian or Jinbang Xie Chang. The old customs of Beijing Opera Troupe. At the end of the performance, Xiao Sheng (wearing red official clothes and her husband's horse and wings) and Dan Jiao (wearing robes and rockhopper) went to the stage to pay tribute to the audience and express their gratitude. Sometimes I walk off the stage and see the audience to the door of the theater.

[Auditorium]

Jargon. The actors waiting backstage are absorbed in the performance on the stage in order to appear on time.

[Wait]

Jargon. Refers to the actor waiting behind the scenes at the entrance to get ready before he takes the stage.

[buffer]

Jargon. Refers to the temporary buffer between fields to buy time for the actors in the latter field. This is a kind of salvation.

[ice]

Jargon. Refers to the actor's sudden mistakes on the stage, lack of psychological preparation and inability to improvise, which leads to the interruption of the performance.

[rushing to the scene]

Jargon. There are two situations. One is to complete the role modification or change clothes in a short time, and ensure to play on time. For example, in The Iron Bow, Chen Xiuying disguised herself as a man and became Wang Fugang, while in The Four Gentlemen, the bachelor and the master triangle were decorated by one person, which also needed someone to serve, which was also called catching three at a time. Second, it refers to the same actor performing in different places at similar times. Often the time is counted, and after a performance, we have to rush to the next venue.

[Full Palace Tune]

Jargon. The actor sings with accurate intonation, full voice and abundant strength.

[Walking board]

Jargon. Also known as losing. When an actor sings, the rhythm is unstable, fast or slow, which is out of touch with the rigid eyes of the band.

[rammer]

Internal codes are also called words. It's a customary name for the voice of Beijing opera actors.

[Voice on the left]

Jargon. Beijing opera usually refers to a high and narrow voice. This kind of voice can be high or low, and it is often not good to sing in a small corner.

[Three legs]

The lyrics of the term Beijing opera are divided into upper and lower sentences, and the words are paired and rhyme up and down. But there are exceptions, only the last sentence, the next sentence is omitted and replaced by gongs and drums [sweeping the floor]. This kind of processing is also called scanning sentence.

Save your leg.

Jargon. Also known as throwing sentences. It means that when an aria sings to the last sentence, stop for a while, then perform, and then this role or other roles pick up the sentence on the left. The last sentence sung after leaving the leg is called sewing the leg or sewing.

[Chord]

Also known as a string. Refers to the singer's singing and Hu Qin's accompaniment are glued together without any flaws that contradict each other.

[Groove closed]

Refers to the tacit cooperation between actors and bands in stage performance. In the performance, they influenced each other, attracted each other and gradually reached perfection.

[hat play]

Also known as the opening ceremony. Refers to the first scene in a performance. In the old days, children's hats were mostly plays with relatively simple plots, such as God bless the people and a picture of a hundred years of life. Before and after liberation, Mao Er's plays gradually changed, mostly gripping little martial arts dramas and funny plays that can enliven the audience's emotions.

[axis]

Refers to the performance of the passbook drama with the main drama as the axis. In the old days, the Beijing Opera Troupe rehearsed a "typing book" and wrote lines on long strips of paper with a brush, which was rolled up like a scroll. The big paper is long, the scroll is thick, the small paper is short, and the scroll is thin, so there are big shafts, middle shafts and small shafts.

[Fujian Opera]

Also known as the big axis. In the past, a scene often lasted about five or six hours, which was too long and the audience left before it was over. Therefore, the troupe often focuses on the finale of the play, and the last one arranges to perform some small martial arts dramas or interesting jokes with strong technical skills, so that the audience will gradually disperse in this insignificant performance, Gu said.

[spindle]

Goodbye.

[Episode]

Refers to the penultimate track of the performance of the opera. Named for pressing the big shaft. It is usually the main actors in the troupe who play the finale.

[Wu axis]

In the performance of a folding opera, the small axis, the middle axis and the big axis are generally martial arts, so it is called the martial arts axis.

[drama]

1 refers to the overall, big or bigger play. Compared to a small fight. In addition, it also refers to those who have a long history and have performances in a certain historical period.

2 refers to a wide range of operas, such as Beijing Opera, Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera.

[short play]

It refers to a small, single-player game. Compared with drama. The performance time is usually about half an hour.

[passbook play]

Refers to a more complete one-fold play of the whole play. Such as "stealing grass" and "breaking the bridge" in "The Legend of the White Snake". Zhezi opera is often a wonderful work in the whole drama, which has certain artistic characteristics. Performances often combine several discounted plays into one.

[Playing with children]

Refers to two actors playing two equal roles in a play. For example, Yang Silang and Princess Iron Mirror in Sitting in the Palace are children's play between old students and Tsing Yi. Hometown of Red Mulberry is a play between Hua Lian and Lao Dan.

[Highlights]

It refers to the repertoire of kung fu seen in singing, reading, doing and playing. For example, Wangjiangge is the highlight of Qingyi singers, and Tielongshan is the highlight of relying on martial arts.

【 Wind and Fire Play 】

When making a drama, there are more than four or five professional roles with equal performance weight, which shows the overall strength. Sometimes it's called group play. Such as Hero, Detailed Explanation of Dragon and Phoenix, Shiro Visiting Mother, etc.

[energy]

Jargon. 1. refers to the application of the amplitude and strength of the actors' dance movements. Usually used for character performances.

2. It also refers to the actor's "heart strength" and "mouth strength" in singing and the rendering and knotting of an accent in the linear cavity.

close

[size]

Refers to the rhythm and speed of singing, reading and playing in Beijing opera performances. Accurately grasping rhythm and speed is the key to correctly expressing characters. How to properly grasp the scale, first of all, actors need to understand and appreciate the thoughts and feelings of the characters. On this basis, artistic skill is the technical guarantee of specific processing size, and both are indispensable.

[Tube]

1. refers to the tricks of performance skills.

2. Refers to the "button" between the plot and the plot.

[bridge head]

Excellent Peking Opera actors are good at making a special treatment at the key points when singing or performing, such as changing the rhythm or adding a detailed action. This subtle treatment can often add color to singing, make the character's personality and expression particularly vivid, and receive good theater effect.

[key points]

1. Key meaning. Refers to a key part of a performance, such as an aria, a recitation, or a set of body movements. If these key parts are handled well, they can make the finishing point and make the whole performance shine.

2. refers to the tricks of physical skills. Only by mastering this trick can we complete the action cleanly and beautifully.

3. Refers to the critical moment of plot development, such as the turning point of contradiction.

[temperature]

Jargon. That is, artistic skills are the artistic maturity of actors. Including two aspects, in addition to singing, reading and acting skills, as well as the experience and quality of actors. Some actors are limited by their experience and accomplishment, and there is a gap with the identity and temperament of the role, so they can't understand the experience role well. This is the so-called unfinished business.

[pleasing]

It means that it doesn't take much effort to please, and you get twice the result with half the effort. Although some roles are not played much, they are very dramatic and material, and actors with little skills or singing skills will be welcomed by the audience.

[among officials]

Jargon. The meaning of public. In the old Beijing Opera Troupe, the costumes of the main actors and pianists are all special. The costumes and props of ordinary actors are common, called official uniforms. The pianist and drummer who accompany all actors except the main actor are called scenes in formal middle schools. Singing is suitable for different plays, roles and occupations, and acting is called official work.

[road engineering]

Also known as "access avenue". Refers to an actor performing according to a general basic routine.

[unique skills]

Usually refers to all kinds of skills that are created exclusively and can't be created by anyone, and also refers to difficult martial arts skills.

[two hugs]

Jargon. An actor can play two different roles, or a role in a play can be played by two different actors.

[cover]

Jargon. When two people sing or read together, the joint between them is called "changing the mouth". There is a difference between a dead cover opening and a "live cover opening". The former refers to a fixed counterpart drama, which cannot be changed at will; The latter is that the lyrics are not fixed, so one side should improvise and the other side should answer accordingly. Tight mouth-to-mouth is called "strict mouth-to-mouth", otherwise it is called "loose mouth-to-mouth".

Meridian phase

Refers to the body angle of an actor sitting and standing on the stage. Slightly to the left or right, avoiding facing the audience directly. Tall and straight, but not stupid.

[Edge Style]

1. refers to the neat, crisp and graceful figure of an actor.

2. refers to the actor's makeup, clear, clean and decent.

[handsome and crisp]

Jargon. It is the three concepts that give the martial arts actors good comments. Drift refers to agility, lightness and fluency; Handsome refers to a neat figure and decent manners; Brittleness refers to a strong sense of rhythm and a particularly crisp and lively handling of key figures. In addition, handsome is sometimes extended to praise the actor's elegant and elegant performance.

[Steady and heartless]

Jargon. Stability means that no matter how complicated and fast martial arts are, they can be methodical and steady; Accuracy means that every martial arts action should be accurately displayed according to its proper position; Malicious means to achieve a certain strength on the basis of stability and accuracy, so that martial arts are true and credible. Being steady and tough is the basic requirement of Wushu, and all three are indispensable.

[two pots]

Also known as Bangzi Pihuang Erguo. Zhi Bangzi and Pi Huang performed on the same stage, and the plays and performances remained the same and were not mixed. There are two plays in the same play, half yellow skin and half bangzi.

[continued]

Also used for riveting. Refers to the actor's unreserved display of personal ability in performance. For paragraphs with different acting skills, it is also a kind of performance to deliberately choose difficult paragraphs to perform. The performance of slackness, slackness and unwillingness to work hard is called a bubble.

[Police experts and laymen]

A police expert means that a performance is praised by an expert audience; Amateur means that a performance is praised by amateur audience. The aesthetic vision and needs of professionals and laymen are different, but truly excellent performances will be welcomed by professionals and laymen. Police professionals are also called inside, and police laymen are also called outside.

Incoming and outgoing calls]

See above.

[More than a dozen scattered]

Jargon. Refers to those plays whose endings lack uniqueness and conflicts are often solved by fighting. The beginning of martial arts means the end of the whole play.

[six games]

Refers to the Beijing Opera Band. It is mainly composed of six accompaniment instruments: Hu Qin, Yue Qin, Sanxian, Gong and Xiao Gong. Huqin, Yueqin and Sanxian are also called "Wen San Chang"; Gong and Xiao Gong are also called "Wu Sanchang". People who can master and use six main accompaniment instruments are called "six-field-pass", and sometimes it also refers to those generalists who are good at both performance and music.

[Wen San Chang]

[Wu Sanchang]

[Six innings transparent]

See the previous article.

Water character

Jargon. It refers to some common lyrics or chanting that often appear in different plays, such as "anger starts from the heart and evil comes from bravery"; "Cold water irrigation head embraces ice"; "See how traitors spend me", and so on. Water words lack individuality and are tasteless, so they should be avoided as much as possible in new plays.

[Not enough to sell]

Jargon. Refers to the lack of artistic weight, it is difficult to meet the audience's appreciation needs.

[Guagua]

Jargon. It originally refers to divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination, divination. They learn genre, only pursue the shape, and the real charm can't be mastered.

[thick-skinned]

Jargon. 1. The plot of the play progressed slowly, and the wonderful performance paragraphs appeared very late, as if the meat was wrapped in a thick leather bag. 2. It refers to some dramas whose plots are too complicated, the relationship between the characters is unclear, and it is difficult for the audience to understand.

[uncertain]

Jargon. "Spectrum" as a specification or specification solution. Refers to the actor's performance is not in accordance with the norms, nonsense.

[Goose]

Jargon. Specifically, it means that a person has failed enough times and failed enough times.

[ivory git]

Jargon. An actor with good appearance but no inner artistic accomplishment is called ivory gits. A proverb similar to "Embroidering a bag of grass on a pillow".

[firewood head]

Jargon. Of useless materials. In Beijing opera, actors who don't understand art are often called firewood heads. See the wooden stick.

[mallet]

Jargon. Originally refers to a solid wooden stick, used to satirize people with poor acting skills. See the previous article.

[wool]

Jargon. The appellation of Beijing Opera to foreigners is ironic, because it means that you don't know Beijing Opera.

[golden bell jar]

Jargon. Originally refers to an invulnerable martial arts. Now I borrow it to satirize actors who can only sing and recite, but can't perform martial arts with knives and guns.

[dead face]

Also known as full face. Refers to the actor's dull facial expression and lack of vitality. A dead word tells the seriousness of this artistic disease: I can't act.

[whole face]

See above.

[eating chestnuts]

Also known as eating snails and running melons. Due to nervous or unfamiliar lines, the actor mispronounced or stuttered his lines during the performance.

[eating snails]

[running melon]

See the previous article.

[Ticket Play]

[out to sea]

See the previous article.

[box office]

Jargon. 1. Amateur organization of opera lovers. 2. Theater ticket office.

[black pestle]

Jargon. Refers to the remuneration secretly received by old ticket lovers when they perform on stage.

[continued]

Jargon. Refers to the actors who cooperate with the main actors against their opponents in martial arts.

[fragmentary]

Jargon. Also known as edge scanning. Refers to the extremely humble role in traditional Peking Opera. There are certain lines and fixed names, but they are often unknown to the audience.

[cleaning]

See above.

Single head: a character's lines. Generally speaking: the stage vocabulary of all the characters in the whole play, including walk-on and hands-on lines and actions. Generally speaking, the person who can speak the whole drama is called manager Bao.

Make a copy; Now he is a screenwriter.

Inversion: refers to the male voice change period.

Posture: The actor reads the lines behind the scenes. Sometimes they perform with actors on the stage, and sometimes they are used to attract the attention of the audience before going to the stage.

Bottom package: (roughly) In the troupe, you can play any role/play, but you can't hang the first card or the second card. If an actor can't play for a while, he can save the scene.

Get through: before the performance, play a gong and drum. Generally, it consists of a group of gongs with relatively fast rhythm and shocking sound, such as: sudden wind-four blows-horse riding, gongs and drums-nine hammers and a half yin gong-strings-searching the field-climbing the ladder-four blows, and so on.

The purpose of getting through is to create an atmosphere and attract the audience. It is usually used before an open-air stage performance, but probably not in a theater.

Beginning: The beginning means that before the singing or music of Beijing Opera begins, it is led by gongs, drums, banquets and chanting, and the band performs according to the rhythm/speed/disc number requirements put forward at the beginning.

Drink: Say the fourth sound. The supporting role is more popular than the leading role in the performance. For example, xx can be drunk today.

Draw lots: before the performance is over, the audience leaves the theater early. If a large number of spectators leave the scene collectively, then wake up.

Before the horse: refers to speeding up the performance rhythm and completing the performance ahead of schedule.

Ma Huanghou: It means slowing down the performance rhythm, lengthening the length of the play and prolonging the performance time.

Yin people: refers to the band or actor deliberately making things difficult for the same stage during the performance, such as temporary change of words and sudden tone change.

(1) True voice is also called loud voice. One of the pronunciation methods of Peking Opera actors. When singing, qi comes out of the abdomen, resonates through the throat cavity, and directly produces sound, which is called true voice. Call the real voice with the voice in the real voice. If Tian Danqi passes through the throat cavity, the actor narrows the throat cavity to make it emit a higher tone than the real voice, which is called falsetto. True voice and falsetto are naturally connected when they are in the cavity, with wide range, easy operation of high and low voices and no trace. The life of Peking Opera (old students, martial arts students and red students), clean lines, ugly lines, Lao Dan and other trades are all sung with real voices. Xiao Sheng sings in a falsetto, but when he speaks, his true and false voices are mixed.

(2) falsetto is also called small voice and double voice. One of the pronunciation methods of Peking Opera actors. It is relative to the true voice, loud voice and original sound. The sound made by falsetto is called falsetto. When vocalizing, compared with the real voice, the throat is narrower, the position is higher and the airflow is thinner. The pitch of falsetto is higher than that of real voice. Both Dan Jiao and Xiao Sheng in Beijing Opera are sung in falsetto, but their voices are different in rigidity and softness.

(3) Left voice, a vocal term of Peking Opera. Mainly refers to an abnormal voice in male voice, which can be high or low. In addition, the voice is just flat and round, and some old students or martial arts students who specialize in singing high notes all sing with this voice. Old students have pure left voice and their own left voice. In addition, the left sound is sometimes used as another explanation, which means that the sound is out of tune with the accompaniment instrument, which is generally called out of tune.

(4) Hanging the voice is also used to adjust the sound. The singing practice method of Beijing opera actors is also one of the steps for actors to practice their singing skills. Every day, in addition to shouting slogans, actors must also use the Hu Qin (or add drums, etc. ) Practice the aria in singing loudly. Some use the general tone first, and then raise it appropriately. Hang voice function: 1. By practicing singing loudly, the voice can meet the requirements of singing on the stage. As a result of constant exercise, the voice can become louder and rounder, full of power, clear and powerful, and remain persistent. 2。 Familiar with accompaniment, fully understand the relationship between aria and accompaniment, grasp the size together, understand the meaning of the song, express the feelings of the song, make the cooperation between singing and accompaniment harmonious, and then achieve artistic tacit understanding and coordinate the performance style of the whole aria.

(5) Shouting voice is a way for Beijing opera actors to practice their voice. By shouting, they can exercise each vocal part and pronounce the local sound of each vowel correctly. Generally speaking, in the open area in the morning, single vowels such as "hmm", "yi" and "ah" are shouted loudly, from low to high, from high to low, and repeatedly. After Xu Xiasheng dubs, he practices aria.

(6) Dan Tianyin, also known as Xiangtang, is a vocal term of Peking Opera. When an actor sings, his lungs are full of gas and his abdomen is hard. The gas seems to be a sound from the abdomen (about three inches below the navel). At present, the traditional singing practice method also thinks that Dantian sound is the best (that is, the sound is heard far away).

(7) Yun Zheyue, a noun of Peking Opera vocal music. This is a metaphor for the mellow and implicit voice of old students. This kind of voice sounds dry at first, but it becomes louder and more beautiful after singing, which makes people feel mellow and has unlimited potential. It is a beautiful sound quality formed by long-term exercise. Both Tan Xinpei and Yu Shuyan's voices belong to this type.

(8) Collapse, a vocal term of Peking Opera. In middle-aged and elderly people, because of physiological relations, the actor's voice is hoarse and he can't sing at all. This is called stumbling. Some actors cherish their own voices, and the vowels remain the same when they get old. Actors who sing in falsetto are more likely to collapse when they are older.

(9) Housheng, a kind of Peking Opera vocalization. Also known as echo. Generally speaking, qi comes out of the abdomen, resonates through the throat cavity and is directly emitted. Although the sounds in the back of the head are the same as those in the abdomen, when pronouncing, the throat cavity is slightly compressed, the posterior pharyngeal wall is opened, and the soft palate is improved. The sounds are sent to the head cavity, meet with nasal sounds, make the sounds go around the back of the head, resonate through the head cavity, and emit subtle and rich tones. The pronunciation on the back of the head is vigorous and powerful, which can be heard far away, but not sharp near. In the singing of old students and pure horns, this kind of singing method is often used whenever there is a closed tone (such as "one or seven tracks"). There are fewer people who use tongue curl in Dan Jiao's singing, but Cheng () school also uses it.

(10) Huang Qiang, also known as Huang Qiang, Huang Tiao or Liangdiao. Vocal nouns in Peking Opera. It refers to the inaccurate tone of an actor's singing, and it is customary to refer to the tone change slightly below the tone. Most of them are caused by the actor's innate physiological conditions, such as vocal cord variation and poor hearing. Sometimes it is also caused by poor vocal practice.

(1 1) Maodiao is a vocal term in Beijing Opera. Of an actor singing in a tone slightly higher than the prescribed tone. Most of them are caused by congenital physiological conditions. Some are due to temporary failure of physiological conditions (such as vocal cords); Sometimes it is also caused by poor vocal practice.

(12) Walking on the stage is a vocal term in Peking Opera. Refers to an actor singing a song that does not conform to the prescribed rhythm. There are various grooves in the singing of Beijing opera, such as one board with three eyes, one board with one eye, running water board and so on. If you deviate from the rules of the board eye and lose the rhythm, it is called walking board.

(13) is a vocal term in Beijing Opera. Refers to the singer's singing tone is high or low, which does not meet the prescribed tone. Habits are out of step.

(14) Opening the mouth is one of the singing methods of Peking Opera. Refers to the way an actor inhales when singing. All kinds of vocals in Beijing Opera have different lengths and rhythms. Only by mastering the accurate inhalation method can an actor sing calmly and beautifully. Air ports include air exchange and air theft. Breathing refers to inhaling in the interval of singing, and stealing gas refers to inhaling in intermittent phrases without making the listener aware.

(15) Breathing is one of the singing methods of Beijing Opera. When singing, whenever you encounter a long cavity or a high position, you should inhale first and be fully prepared. Breathing is not to stop singing or sing after a short pause, but to breathe and store gas at the moment when the lines are full of words for change. Where to breathe when singing varies from person to person, which is generally called the air port.

(16) Stealing gas is one of the singing methods of Beijing Opera. It means breathing without leaving a trace and being stolen when the audience is not aware of it. For example, in "Catch and Release Cao", Chen Gong sang "I can't get back to the horse when the horse is in the forest". After singing the first six words and the word "nei", he "stole" a breath with the interlude "I" to sing the following "It's difficult to get back to the horse", which is called stealing gas.

(17) Ga tune, commonly known as Ga tune, is used to sing a word in high notes in Beijing opera singing. For example, the word "Fan" in the sentence of "Calling at the Palace Gate" sung by Shiro Visiting Mother and the word "Tian" in the sentence of "Sweeping at 3 o'clock tomorrow afternoon" sung by Huang Zhong in Dingjun Mountain are all called Ga tunes.

(18) long silence, long (sound palm) is growth, silence is the common name of sound, here refers to the volume. A long speech seems to increase the volume.

(19) smashing and ramming is a derogatory metaphor for an actor singing as hard as ramming a foundation. Actors are not good at mastering singing methods, using too much force, or using brute force, and there are clumsy stresses (mostly at the end) in singing, which is called smashing.

(1) I-scale, a musical term of China traditional opera. Generally speaking, it refers to the scale symbol on the right side of the lyrics in the Chinese opera score. China traditional folk music takes the words "Harmony, Si, Shang, Chi, Gong, Fan and Liu" as scales, which is equivalent to "567 12345" of western music. Traditionally, these symbols are collectively referred to as "rulers". Some music scores only pay attention to the board eye (beat) next to the lyrics, not the ruler. There is a kind of music score with working scale, which is called working scale music score.

(2) The banyan tree is the name of China traditional opera music. Traditionally, when singing, the drum board often follows the beat, and the strong beat is hit on the board, so this beat is called the challenge. The second strong beat and weak beat are called middle eye and small eye respectively (in four beats, the former weak beat is called head eye or beginning eye, and the latter weak beat is called tail eye). Together, it's called a slap in the face.

(3) Going through the door is a musical term in Beijing Opera. Refers to the interlude music between sentences and aria. Small doors are often used between singing sentences, and big doors are often used between singing paragraphs. However, due to different plates, there are many exceptions, and there is no fixed model.

(4) Guaer, a musical term of Peking Opera. Guaer is the homonym of "Guo er", which refers to the gate between aria, and generally refers to the cadenza. The small door between singing sentences is not called hanging.

⑤ Mat, a noun of Peking Opera music. It refers to the melody that acts as a bridge between music communication and music communication, which is called cushion head or small cushion head, also called bridge. The melody of the cushion is short, generally only two or three beats, which plays a connecting role.

(6) Xing Xuan, the musical term of Peking Opera. Refers to the background music when an actor performs an action or dialogue or monologue. Twisting is mostly a repeated performance of qupai or simple melody, which mainly plays a role in setting off the atmosphere.

(7) Tone refers to the pitch when an actor sings. Any accompaniment with stringed instruments is freely tuned according to the voice of the actors.

(8) Tuning, the pitch of the actor is the same as that of the accompaniment instruments (huqin, flute, etc.). ), called tuning. It means that singing the surface tone according to the "tone" is aimed at the bottom tone. Under normal circumstances, actors all sing the tune.

(9) Tuning: The pitch of an actor's singing is eight degrees higher than that of an accompaniment instrument (such as the huqin and the flute), which is called tuning. Is to sing according to the bottom of the tone.

(10) Tuning refers to the tuning of stringed instruments (Hu Qin, Ruan, etc.). Generally speaking, the flute is used as a standard for tuning strings.

(1 1) Yi Diao is a musical term in Peking Opera. One of the keys used in the symbol of Miyachi. When tuning the strings, use the "B" sound of the flute (opening five holes and playing high notes) to tune the "I" sound of the Hu Qin (Xipi tuning the outer strings). B note is the highest note in Beijing opera.

(12) is one of the key tunes of Beijing Opera. Slightly higher than the orthodox key and slightly lower than the b key. It is slightly higher than the flute when tuning the strings.

(13) Soft-tone is a tune of Beijing Opera. Slightly lower than the orthodox tone, but slightly higher than the six-character tone. It is slightly lower than the flute when tuning the strings.

(14) Six-character tune is one of the key modes of Beijing Opera. When tuning the strings, use the "six" sound of the flute (all six holes are closed, playing high notes) to tune the "I" sound of the Hu Qin (Xipi tunes the outer strings and opens the strings). The six-character tone is lower than the normal tone in Beijing opera, and the tone is moderate.

(15) Pazidiao, also called Paizidiao. One of the main modes of Beijing Opera. Where the tone is lower than the six-character tone by more than one degree, it is collectively called the lying tone.

(16) Walking on the edge, the reason for "walking on the edge" comes from the Jin drama "White Tiger Whip? Dancing figure in walking; It is said that because people who walk are afraid of being seen, they often sneak up and down the wall and roadside at night, so it is called "walking". Generally speaking, Huang Tianba in "Evil Tiger Village" is the hardest to walk. Lin Chong in Night Running is the most tired when he walks, and Song Wu in Centipede Ridge is the most diligent when he walks.

(17) On horseback, because the whip is often used instead of the horse or as a symbol of riding in Beijing Opera, after dancing the whip in your hand, you can combine dancing movements such as flattery, returning the horse or vaulting the horse to become Beijing Opera.