Brief introduction of Zhuge Liang (200-300 words)

Zhuge Liang (18 1 year -234 10 year1October 8? ), word,No. Wolong, born in (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), was the prime minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher and inventor.

In his early years, he went to Jingzhou with his uncle Zhuge Xuan. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong. After Liu Bei arrived at the thatched cottage, Zhuge Liang was invited to come out, but Sun Lian resisted Cao and was defeated by Battle of Red Cliffs. Formed the trend of the Three Kingdoms and captured Jingzhou. In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and won Hanzhong. In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei established the Shu-Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the prime minister to preside over state affairs.

Liu Chan, the ruler in the last years of Shu and Han Dynasties, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was made the marquis of Wuxiang, leading Yizhou as a shepherd. Diligent and prudent, big and small political affairs must be personally done, and rewards and punishments are strict; Make an alliance with Wu Dong to improve relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China; Carry out the reclamation policy and strengthen combat readiness. Most of the six northern expeditions to the Central Plains were based on grain. Eventually, due to overwork, he died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the twelfth year of Jianxing in Shu at the age of 54. Liu Chan made him a loyal minister, and later generations often called him Zhuge Liang by Wuhou. Because of his military ability, the Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing.

The representative works of Zhuge Liang's prose include A Model and A Book of Commandments. He once invented the wooden ox, the flying horse, the Kongming lantern and so on, and transformed the crossbow, called Zhuge Lian crossbow, which can hit all targets with one crossbow. Zhuge Liang is the representative of loyal ministers and wise men in China traditional culture. He devoted himself to his life and died.

Extended data:

family

elder

Ancestor: Zhuge Feng, a captain from official to official.

Father: Zhuge Jue, official of Taishan County, Yanzhou at the end of Han Dynasty.

Mother: Zhang

From father: Zhuge Xuan, an official to a magistrate in Zhang Yu.

brothers and sisters

Brother: During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhu Gejin, an important minister of the State of Wu, was the official to the general, and was in charge of Yuzhou animal husbandry.

Elder brother: Zhuge Jun, an official of Shuhan, a captain of Changshui.

Elder sister (second sister): Elder sister married Xiangyang Mingmen Kuaiqi. The second sister married Pang Shanmin, the son of Pang Degong.

Brother: Zhuge Dan, after Zhuge Feng.

Madame

Yellow is called yellow hair.

children

Zhuge Qiao, the second son of my brother Zhu Gejin, later became Zhuge Liang's adopted son.

Zhuge Zhan, the eldest son of Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Huai, the third son of Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Zhi, the third son of Zhuge Zhan, and Zhuge Liang's daughter are also recorded in the story of Collected Works of Zhuge Zhong and Wuhou by Zhang Shu, a historian in Qing Dynasty. However, historian Zhang believes that these characters are fictional and do not exist.

grandchild

Zhuge Pan, son of Zhuge Qiao. Because Zhuge Ke was killed and had no children, he became Zhu Gejin.

later generations

There is no record about the whereabouts of Zhuge Liang's three generations of grandchildren. 1992 The genealogy of Zhuge family in Gao Long was discovered in Zhuge Village, Lanxi, Zhejiang. According to this record, Zhuge Liang's descendants have been living in Jiande and Lanxi areas of Zhejiang since the Song Dynasty. The descendants of Zhuge Liang mainly live in 1 1 villages and towns within 50 kilometers adjacent to Jiande, Lanxi and Longyou. There are more than 8,000 descendants of Zhuge Liang here, mostly the 49th and 50th generations of Zhuge Liang's grandchildren. There are 2500 descendants of Zhuge in Zhuge Town, which is the most concentrated place of descendants of Zhuge.

Zhuge Zhen Bao has Zhuge Grand Court and Prime Minister Ancestral Temple, which were built in the Ming Dynasty. Zhuge's genealogy is collected in the treasure house of the great court. This genealogy has been revised 15 times, the first time was in the early Southern Song Dynasty, and the last time was 1947. At that time, Chen, a veteran of the Kuomintang, wrote a preface for the final revision of this genealogy.

Commemoration of future generations

Chasing seals from generation to generation

Since the Jin Dynasty, Zhuge Liang has been promoted to a knight and given a plus sign to the temple. Wu Jinfeng Wang Xing (see Yu Fang Shenglan); In the Tang Dynasty, King Wuling was granted a temple ("Change Zhuge Liang to King Wuling" in Yu Bei Di Mu); Song presented "Temple" and "Benevolence"; In the Yuan Dynasty, he was named by posthumous title as "May you be loyal to the monarch and show your benevolence"; ? In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed "Emperor Gao" and chose 37 ministers to worship, "loyal to the marquis of Wu and embracing Yan"; In the Qing Dynasty, many ancient temples commemorating Zhuge Liang were not only renovated for worship, but also worshipped Zhuge Liang every spring and autumn.

wuhou tomb

Zhuge Liang's Wuhou Tomb belongs to the national key cultural relics protection unit, namely Zhuge Liang's Tomb. It is located at the foot of Dingjun Mountain in Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province. Every year, people in Mianxian County will visit Dingjun Mountain on that day in Tomb-Sweeping Day. In June 2008, Mianxian held the Three Kingdoms Cultural Festival.

ancestral temple

199 1 year, with the approval of the local government, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province was formally established. The district name is taken from Wuhou Temple (the original Zhaolie Temple in Han Dynasty, Zhaolie was posthumous title after Liu Bei's death). Wuhou Temple was named after Zhuge Liang was named Wuxiang Hou before his death. In the early Ming Dynasty, it merged with Zhaolie Temple and became one of the famous historical tourist attractions in Sichuan.

Nanyang Wuhou Temple, also known as Zhuge Liang Temple, is located in Wolonggang, Wolong District, Nanyang City, Henan Province. Built in Wei and Jin Dynasties, the grave was built in the cultivated land of Wollongong, Zhuge Liang, and it is a large ancestral temple group to commemorate Zhuge Liang.

Wuhou Temple is located in Mianxian County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, and was founded in 263 AD. It is the earliest Wuhou Temple (about 50 years earlier than Chengdu Wuhou Temple), so it is called "the first Wuhou Temple in the world".

temple

Zhuge Liang Temple is located in Wuzhangyuan, Qishan County, Baoji, where Zhuge Liang died. In order to commemorate Zhuge Liang, later generations have repaired it many times. Its layout is rigorous and magnificent, and it has become a historical and cultural landscape with strong cultural atmosphere because of the plaques presented by celebrities and scholars in previous dynasties. The temples face south, and the mountain gate is the gate of Zhuge Liang Temple, which consists of the main entrance and the east and west ear doors. The gate is simple and heavy, and the "Five Bird Zhuge Liang Temple" inscribed by calligrapher Shu Tong on the lintel is impressive. On both sides of the gate is a pair of couplets "One poem, two tables, three ding and five Bird eternal", which sums up Zhuge Liang's life well.

Scenic spot

Longzhong Scenic Area is located in Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang City, a famous historical and cultural city in China, with a total area of 209 square kilometers and a history of 1700 years. Zhuge Liang, an outstanding politician and strategist in China during the Three Kingdoms period, lived in seclusion here for ten years in his youth. The well-known "Longzhong Dui" and Liu Bei's "three visits to the cottage" both happened here.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhuge Liang