Reading Han Kang's Ci Boxiu in Classical Chinese

1. The classical Chinese "Hankang" helps with translation and homework. I'm anxious. 3Q Han Kang, whose real name is Boxiu, is from Baling, Beijing. I often travel to famous mountains and rivers to collect herbs and sell them in Chang' an market. I can't wait for the price. It hasn't changed in more than 30 years. On one occasion, a woman bought medicine from Han Kang and pestered her for a long time, but Han Kang refused to give any money. The woman was angry and said, "Are you Han Boxiu? Just the price is different! " When Han Kang saw the secret leaked, he sighed, "I have been hiding for more than 30 years, and I wanted to escape from reality. Unexpectedly, even women know that I am Han Boxiu today, so why should I sell medicine! " So he packed his bags and fled to Baling Mountain to live in seclusion.

When the imperial court learned of this matter, it sent people into the mountains to search several times in a row, and called Han Kang out to be an official. Anyway, Han Kang refused. Later, Emperor Huan personally prepared a generous gift and sent a Commissioner to hire him in a high-powered car. When the messenger came to the mountain hut with the imperial edict, Han Kang had to agree to go out of the mountain. But he insisted on not taking the official car, driving a broken ox cart and leaving before dawn. When I arrived at a post office, it happened that the curator was ordered to build roads and bridges for Han, a court official, and recruit robust animals from the people. When Tingchang saw Han Kang coming in with an ox cart wrapped in a cloth towel, he didn't know him. He thought he was an old country man and came uninvited, so he ordered his men to rob his cattle. Han Kang also quietly, unloading animals. After a while, the delivery carts came one after another, only to know that the old man was Han, which scared the pavilion director half to death. The messenger asked Han Kang to kill Tingchang. Han Kang said indifferently, "I gave him the cow myself. What is the crime of the pavilion? " Stopped the messenger.

However, on the way to Beijing, Han Kang managed to escape into the deep mountains and forests, and died a long life.

2. Han Kang translation

Hankang, named Boxiu, is a county in the east of Chang 'an. People are also. I often go to famous mountains to collect herbs and sell them in Chang 'an. I don't lie or bargain when selling goods. For more than 30 years. At that time. A woman bought medicine in Kangkang, but Nukang kept the price down. She was dissatisfied with Han Kang's insistence on price fixing. It means: "Gong [Gong] you. Respectfully It was Han Bo who repented of evil spirits, but it was unexpected. Isn't it the price? " Kang sighed, "I want to avoid my name. I don't want anyone to know my name. " This is just an ordinary little place. Why do women need medication when they know I'm here? What medicine should I sell? "So I ran away. Into the Baling Mountain.

Bus [bus]zhàn bus, the bus used by the post office. People recruited by the court in the Han Dynasty were all picked up by bus. Not even a sign. Herry Liu, Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, reigned 147- 167. At that time, I prepared a Xuan 'an car with a gift [Xuan (xūn) An car] and drove an An car. Xuan, black; Pale crimson: all refer to silk. Car, a kind of car, can sit safely and is a car that gives preferential treatment to the elderly. Go rent it. The emissary went to Hankang on the orders of the emperor. Kang had to pretend [pretend (Yang)]. Promise. Resign [refuse]. Set up the car and start by myself in the morning [start by myself in the morning] I started by myself in the cold morning. Chai che, poor car. . Zhiting [Pavilion] Qin and Han dynasties system: ten miles and one pavilion, ten pavilions and one township. Pavilion is the lowest local administrative unit. Han is the curator, Han is the curator, and Han Kang will pass through here. A person recruited by the emperor. Fangfa Niuren Temple Bridge Fangfa Niuren Temple Bridge is recruiting people to build roads and bridges with cattle. , and look at the Kang Chai Che towel [Chai Che towel] Riding a Chai Che, only (with silk) beam head, not wearing a crown. An old man who thought Tian Lao [Tian Lao (ǒ u)] cultivated land. Also, if you take the cow away, Kang will release the driver and unload the cow. Let go. Let go. Drive, drive animals. Use it. For a moment. When the messenger arrived, Niu Weng was snatched from the old man who drove the ox cart. There are omissions in the sentences here. Is to recruit a gentleman. The emissary wants to kill Tingchang and report to the court to kill Tingchang. Kang said, "This is from Laozi, this is from Laozi, and this was originally given to him by me. Since this is the original meaning. Lao Zi, my old man, Han Kang calls himself. What is the crime of the pavilion? " It's a stop. Han Kang took the opportunity to escape halfway. . Die peacefully until you die of old age. .

3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following exercises: 1:D, 2:C, 3:( 1) Hanging sheep's head to sell dog meat, doing the same behavior as stealing feet, saying something like Boyi and saying "I am a hermit". Can you do it? (2) Honesty and purity were the reasons why the ancients lived in seclusion. What do you suspect? Question 4: On the premise of "my husband lives in seclusion, which means that he is autistic", the author analyzes the differences between great seclusion and small seclusion, true seclusion and false seclusion of people who seek fame and fame through sharp contrast.

In this paper, the story of Han Boxiu is used to show that real hermits don't need to be decorated and famous, thus implicitly mocking those fake hermits who are "above the rivers and lakes and have their hearts under Wei Que". (5 points, 2 points for analysis and comparison, and 3 points for mocking a fake hermit. That's right. ) small question 1: test analysis: item d "you" means to make friends and communicate.

Question 2: test analysis: the first "qi" in item a is imperative modal particle, and the last "qi" is rhetorical modal particle; The first "ze" in item B is a conjunction, and the last "ze" is a turning conjunction; The two "ones" in item C are both equivalent to "two", and the conjunctions are not translated; The first "Yan" in item D is an modal particle at the end of the sentence, and the last "Yan" is a pronoun. Question 3: Analysis of test questions: This question examines the translation of classical Chinese.

Answer skills: get a general understanding of the full text and grasp the tendency of literature and meaning. Understand the meaning of translation context in detail.

Translate word for word, correct, leave, delete, supplement and adjust. Grasping the translation of key words in sentences should correspond to the context, and these words are the scoring points.

Pay attention to the flexible use of parts of speech, inverted sentences, general function words and compound words with partial meanings. Complex sentences should be analyzed from the aspects of sentence components, grasping the trunk, paying attention to the relationship between sentences and paying attention to special sentence patterns.

Free translation is derived from the context, not limited to the original structure, from reality to emptiness. Combine into sentences, which are smooth before and after.

It must be translated literally, and generally free translation is not allowed. It must be implemented in every word and be faithful to the original. First of all, every word in the sentence should be interpreted as modern Chinese.

(Xin) ② The most common translation method of single words is to replace monosyllabic words commonly used in ancient Chinese with disyllabic words commonly used in modern Chinese. Don't translate special nouns such as names and places, and don't be smart.

(3) Then connect these words into sentences, which should conform to modern people's speaking habits. ("Da") (4) When connecting words into sentences, pay attention to changing as much as possible, make up what is needed, and adjust them in order.

Make sentences complete and fluent. ⑤ Individual words are really meaningless. Try to see if they are casual or flexible.

To answer this question, we should pay attention to the words "hang", "hang", "do", "possible", "solid" and "why". Question 4: Analysis of test questions: The second paragraph of the article compares the characteristics of true seclusion and false seclusion. "Today, my husband has no surname, threatening to enter the market, which is enough to monopolize, and I am eager to sell it quickly. I fought bloody battles with servants and vendors with a taper knife, hanged sheep's heads, sold dog breasts, and stole feet. Boyi said,' I am a hermit'." Dare to ask Lou Gong why he is hidden? "We can analyze the author's attitude from this sentence and Han Boxiu's story.

A friend of mine surnamed Li told me, "I am traveling in Chang 'an and staying at Mr. Lou's house." Mr. Hermit Lou has lived in Chang 'an market for thirty years.

His family has a small study called' Yinshizhai'. Most officials who come and go have written essays and biographies about it, and he also wants to get your notes for him. I hope you can write one for me. "

I said, "Do you know what concealment is? Hiding means isolating yourself. The ancients hid in agriculture, in industry, in commerce, in doctors and fortune tellers, in butchers and fishermen, and even in gamblers, porridge sellers, doormen and bartenders. They are everywhere, not only in the mountains, under huts, but also called seclusion.

There was a difference between big seclusion and small seclusion in the past. It is said that people who know the avenue at first are not very firm in their beliefs. They live in seclusion in the mountains in order not to see what they like and to keep their inner peace, so they live in seclusion in the mountains. This is a small seclusion; Being able to be calm inside, adapt to the environment, not be confused by foreign objects, go everywhere the same, and turn a blind eye to noisy or silent environment, so the person who lives in seclusion in the city is called Yin Da. In my opinion, people who live in seclusion in the mountains may be called small seclusion, but people who live in seclusion in busy markets are not necessarily called big seclusion.

Ever since a mountain man offered a high price, many people claimed that hermits deceived pine trees, osmanthus trees and white clouds, not to mention people in busy markets. Nowadays, people shrug their shoulders with luck (describing flattering others) and come to the shopping mall, sitting with their feet up to control the market, with sharp teeth and long hands and feet, trying to sell their own goods in front of others, fighting bloody battles with slave traders with knives, selling dog meat by hanging sheep's heads, and doing the same behavior as stealing feet (thieves in the late Spring and Autumn Period), but what they say is similar to that of Boyi (Shang and Zhou Dynasties). What is the reason why Lou Gong lives in seclusion? "the friend said," selling words for food is only enough for your own use, and it does not hinder his integrity; There are poems and wine among the powerful, but they are harmonious without hindering their lofty. Integrity and lofty are what the ancients pursued in seclusion. What do you suspect? " I said, "I see. I will write you a note. "

Even so, I still feel that some words are not finished. Please let me end by inviting Han Kang (Zi Boxiu) in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Han Boxiu sells medicine in the city and never bargains. Women come to buy medicine, but Han Kang still insists on not bargaining. The woman was furious and said,' Are you Han Boxiu? Why don't you make a counter offer? Han Kang then sighed and said,' I sold medicine to keep my name from the world, but today even my little daughter knows my name!' I threw away the herbs and went straight away, never coming back.

Mr Lou is a hermit, but isn't his intention of closing himself (hiding) different from that of Han Kang? Words are used by people to dress themselves up and live in seclusion. Where is it necessary to dress up? This is showing off. Why did Mr. Lou do such a thing? I think that Mr. Ai Lou's officials wrote a biography for him, but they just wanted to clear his name, which was not Mr. Lou's original intention. When you go back, try asking Mr. Lou what I said. "

Zhen You Bingzi wrote this article one day in December.

4. Which dynasty did Han Qi, Han Kang, Han Fei, Han Xin and Han Yu come from? Han Qi: (1008— 1075), whose real name is Zigui, was born in Anyang, Xiangzhou (now Henan), a politician and famous soldier in the Northern Song Dynasty. Han Kang, a folk doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was born in Boxiu. Han Fei: Also known as Han Feizi (about 280-233 BC), a Korean at the end of the Warring States Period [now Yuzhou City, Henan Province], was one of the sons of the Korean royal family. According to Historical Records, Han Fei was good at "learning the art of punishment" and was a student of Xunzi with Li Si in Qin Dynasty. Han Fei is not good at words because of stuttering, but his articles are outstanding, even Li Si is himself. Mainly collected in the book Everything is done wrong. Han Fei was a materialist philosopher and a master of legalism at the end of the Warring States Period. He witnessed the poverty and weakness in South Korea at the end of the Warring States Period and wrote to the king of South Korea many times, hoping to change the situation that the rule of law was not used to raise useless people, but his idea was never adopted. Han Fei thinks this is "a minister who can't tolerate evil and waste." Retirement Writing-Former 196), Han nationality, was born in Huaiyin (called Huaiyin in ancient times, now Chuzhou District, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province). There is a "crotch bridge" site related to crotch humiliation in Chuzhou City, and a Han Hou Temple is built on the east side of Huaifu Town to commemorate the founding heroes of the Western Han Dynasty. It first belonged to Xiang Yu, and later to the great strategist in history, China Liu Bang. Han Yu (768~824) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. He was born in Heyang (now mengzhou city, Henan Province), Han nationality. Originally from Changli, Hebei Province, he was called Han Changli. In his later years, he served as an assistant minister in the official department, also known as the Korean official department. Posthumous title is also known as Han Wengong. He was an advocate of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and advocated learning the prose language of the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties. Ming people listed him as the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and he was also called "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan, and was known as "a great writer" and "a scholar of one hundred generations". His works are collected in Collected Works of Mr. Changli. Han Yu is also a master of languages. He is good at using predecessors' words and paying attention to the refinement of contemporary spoken language. He can create many new sentences, many of which have become idioms so far, such as ".

5.6. The Biography of Gao Shi: Zhang Menhe, Han Kang and Huangfu Mi: Huangfu Mi (2 15-282), a Wei Jin native, has never been an official in his life and specializes in writing books.

Jiang Shang's father-in-law is Jiang Shang's father-in-law, and so are Chu people. The old man by the Yangtze River is from Chu. Jiang, the proper name of the Yangtze River in ancient books.

Father-in-law, a title of respect for an older man. According to historical records? According to Wu Zixu, this man is a fisherman.

King Chu Ping killed Wu She with Fei Wuji's slanderers [King Chu Ping killed Wu She with Fei Wuji's slanderers] King Chu Ping listened to Fei Wuji's slanderers and killed Wu She.

King Chu Ping lived in The King of Chu State during the Spring and Autumn Period and reigned for 528 to 5 16 years. Fei Wuji, doctor Chu.

Wu She, when King Chu Ping was a prince, he was a teacher. Fei Wuji rumoured that the prince was not good, and Wang Ping killed Wu She.

Death of luxury [death of luxury (yún)] Wu's son, Wu, escaped. Before King Chu Ping killed Wu She, he was afraid of revenge from his sons Wu Shang and Wu Yuan, and asked Wu She to write and call both her sons back to Beijing, assuming that their sons would forgive Wu She's crimes when they returned to Beijing.

The Wu Shang brothers don't believe this letter. After discussion, Wu Shang returned to Beijing and Wu Yuan fled. As a result, she was killed with Wu Feifei.

Wu Yuan fled to the State of Wu. , is about to rush to wu.

When we reached the river, there was no boat to cross, and the Chu people were in a hurry to buy members. There is an urgent need for a reward for the arrest of five members. I'm afraid I can't escape without taking off.

When I see my father-in-law, I want to cross the river, because I took off my sword and want to be with my father-in-law.

He said, "This precious sword is also a gift."

The father-in-law did not accept it and said, "According to the laws of Chu State, those who obtained the rank of Wu were awarded the title." Whoever catches Wu will be given the title. Fuck, the highest title of Chu.

A jade in the hands of ancient emperors when they held ceremonies. , Jin [Jin (yì)〕]] (reward) gold 1000.

Iraq is a unit of weight, equal to 24 Liang. I am still [still] still, still.

If you don't take it, why use a sword? Why do you want this sword? As an auxiliary word to express interrogative mood. ? "Don't be affected.

Don't know who he is, don't know who he is, don't know who he is.

Member with force, for the national phase [member with force, for the national phase] member with force for the national phase. It means to be a big official.

Seek to visit, look for. If you don't get it, you should sacrifice it to your husband every time you eat.

Do it. He said: "A name, audible, invisible, only depends on the father-in-law on the river. I'm afraid there's only my father-in-law on the river. Its auxiliary words express speculative emotions.

"Hankang, the word' Hugh', Jingzhao Baling [Jingzhao Baling] is a county in the east of Chang 'an, under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Yin. People are also.

I often go to famous mountains to collect herbs and sell them in Chang 'an. I don't lie or bargain when selling goods. For more than 30 years.

At that time. A woman bought medicine in Kangkang, but Nukang kept the price down. She was dissatisfied with Han Kang's insistence on price fixing.

He said, "Gong [Gong] you. Respectfully

It was Han Bo who repented of evil spirits, but it was unexpected. No price? "Kang sighed:" I want to avoid this name [I want to avoid this name] I don't want people to know this name.

This is just an ordinary little place. Why do women need medication when they know I'm here? What medicine should I sell? "So I ran away.

Into the Baling Mountain. Bus [bus]zhàn bus, the bus used by the post office.

People recruited by the court in the Han Dynasty were all picked up by bus. Not even a sign.

Herry Liu, Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, reigned 147- 167. At that time, I prepared a Xuan 'an car with a gift [Xuan (xūn) An car] and drove an An car.

Xuan, black; Pale crimson: all refer to silk. Car, a kind of car, can sit safely and is a car that gives preferential treatment to the elderly.

Go rent it. The emissary went to Hankang on the orders of the emperor.

Kang had to pretend [ying)] to pretend. Promise.

Resign [refuse]. Set up the car and start by myself in the morning [start by myself in the morning] I started by myself in the cold morning.

Chai che, poor car.

Zhiting [Pavilion] Qin and Han dynasties system: ten miles and one pavilion, ten pavilions and one township. Pavilion is the lowest local administrative unit.

The director of the pavilion is Han (Han) and Han Kang will pass through here. A person recruited by the emperor.

Fangfa Niurensi Bridge [Fangfa Niurensi Bridge] is recruiting people to raise cattle, build roads and bridges. , and look at the Kang Chai Che towel [Chai Che towel] Riding a Chai Che, only (with silk) beam head, not wearing a crown.

An old man who thought Tian garlic [Tian garlic (s ǒ u)] was a farmer. Also, if you take the cow away, Kang will release the driver and unload the cow.

Let go. Let go. Drive, drive animals.

Use it. For a moment.

When the messenger arrived, Niu Weng took it from the old man who was driving the ox cart. There are omissions in the sentences here.

Is to recruit a gentleman. The emissary wants to kill Tingchang and report to the court to kill Tingchang.

Kang said, "This is from Laozi, this is from Laozi, and this was originally given to him by me. Since this is the original meaning.

Lao Zi, my old man, Han Kang calls himself. What is the charge of Tingchang? "It is a check.

Han Kang took the opportunity to escape halfway.

Die peacefully until you die of old age.

* * * * * Gao Shi generally refers to a noble hermit in feudal society. They take a detached attitude towards reality, "don't care about the poor, don't care about the rich", and pay attention to maintaining integrity, so they are respected by people. The writing of these two biographies of Gao Shi is slightly different: Zhang Man on the River only tells the story of the master's failure to report the rescue, and the rest are omitted, similar to the silhouette of a character.

"Hankang" first wrote that the preacher sold medicine at the same price, which was broadcast in Chang 'an, and then wrote to escape the imperial court. At the end of the article, the word "ending with life" was specially used to explain the end of the preacher, which is the same as the historical biography. Therefore, he later wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty? The biography of Yimin written by Han Kangshi basically recorded this article.

This shows that the writing of this biography is eclectic. The purpose of writing this biography is to commend the noble qualities of the characters and inspire the readers. So the selection of materials is extremely strict. For example, the details of Han Kang's escape and the move, and the details of Han Kang's defense of the pavilion convincingly show Han Kang's tolerance and kindness to people.

Another example is writing about the father-in-law on the river, which highlights the words he said when he resigned from the sword and vividly shows his integrity.

7. Han Kang's allusion: Han Kang sells medicine, and Huangfu Mi writes "Biography of Gao Shi": "Han Kang's real name is Bo Xiu, A Tian Xiu, and he is from Baling, Jingzhao. Famous mountains that often collect medicinal materials are sold in Chang' an city, and the price has been the same for more than 30 years. Sometimes a woman buys medicine from Kang, but Kang keeps the price unchanged. The woman said angrily, "Is it that Han Bo wants to take it?" Kang sighed and said, I wanted to stay anonymous. All young women know I exist today. What should I do? Is to escape into the Baling Mountain area.

The bus can't even get there. When he was Emperor Huan, he hired a car for Min Xuan. The messenger was ordered to build Kang, and Kang had to pretend to agree. Say goodbye to the car and take a diesel car in the morning. In the pavilion, the director of the pavilion is Han, who sent Niu Geng Bridge and saw Kang Chai's car towel, thinking that Tian Shao was also trying to take his cow, Kang immediately released him. After a while, the messenger came and took the cow, Weng Naizheng. The messenger wanted to kill the director of the pavilion. Kang said, "What is the crime of the director of the pavilion?" It's a stop. Kang escaped from the middle road. End of life.

translate

Han Kang, whose real name is Boxiu, is from Baling, Beijing. I often travel to famous mountains and rivers to collect herbs and sell them in Chang 'an market, and I don't want to bargain. It hasn't changed in more than 30 years. Once, a woman bought medicine from Han Kang, but Han Kang insisted on the same price. The woman was angry and said, "Are you Han Boxiu? Don't make a counter offer! " Han Kang sighed and said, "I wanted to escape from reality. Today, even my little daughter knows that I am Han Boxiu. Why should I sell medicine again! " So he fled to Baling Mountain to live in seclusion.

When the imperial court learned of this matter, it sent people into the mountains to search several times in a row, and called Han Kang out to be an official. Anyway, Han Kang refused. Later, Emperor Huan personally prepared a generous gift and sent a Commissioner to hire him in a high-powered car. When the messenger came to the cabin in the mountain with the imperial edict, Han Kang couldn't help pretending to promise to go out. But he insisted on not taking the official car, driving a broken ox cart and leaving before dawn. When I arrived at a post office, it happened that the curator was ordered to build roads and bridges for Han, a court official, and recruit robust animals from the people. When Tingchang saw Han Kang coming in with an ox cart wrapped in a cloth towel, he didn't know him. He thought he was an old country man and came uninvited, so he ordered his men to rob his cattle. Han Kang also quietly, unloading animals. After a while, the delivery carts came one after another, only to know that the old man was Han, which scared the pavilion director half to death. The messenger asked Han Kang to kill Tingchang. Han Kang said indifferently, "I gave him the cow myself. What is the crime of the pavilion? " The messenger stopped. Han Kang took the opportunity to escape (into the mountains and forests) on his way to Beijing, and died a long life.