Understand the meaning of Ma Yinchu's "character" after reading "The Character of Scholars-Reading Ma Yinchu"

This is a series of essays about the character of a group of famous intellectuals. I call it "scholar" because I have no ability to choose a more accurate name for this group. They are different from the ancient "Confucianism" and "scholars", and not all modern intellectuals have that excellent quality. They have expertise in learning, either from literature, industry, commerce, or politics and military. They have made outstanding contributions in a certain field and enjoyed a high reputation in the world. These respected people's faith in truth, justice and conscience cannot be exchanged with wealth and honor; Their strong sense of social responsibility and critical spirit will not be shaken by the threat of status or even life. Their personalities seem to be rare among contemporary intellectuals.

One of the backbones of economists

-read Ma Yinchu and Xu Zhucheng.

I first learned the name Ma Yinchu in 1957 or 1958. I remember reading a cartoon in the newspaper, depicting a group of people circling around as if playing a game. Judging from the topic, it criticizes a scholar named Ma Yinchu's theory of "running in circles". I didn't know the content of the rash at that time, and I didn't know much about Ma Yinchu. I just think comics are interesting. Of course, the cartoonist's starting point is to fight back against the "Rightists". Ironically, cartoonists did not escape the fate of being a "rightist" in the end. At the same time, I also read a new population theory criticizing Ma Yinchu in the newspaper. I still can't figure out what happened to Malthus and Ma Yinchu's two theories. Everything was in a hurry until it began to set things right, and the whole country was facing a severe housing problem. I noticed the population problem again. The state puts forward short-term and medium-term housing standards to solve the target, and the urban standards are about 5 square meters and 9 square meters per capita respectively. I don't think it's easy to talk about a country with a population of more than one billion. So I drew up a study and research topic "Architecture and Population". I tried my best to collect a lot of information about population, and the more I studied it, the more confused I became. In a blink of an eye, nearly 30 years have passed, and everything else has been forgotten. I only remember that almost all demographers in China, except Ma Yinchu, were labeled as Rightists. I guess it's because Ma Lao's influence at home and abroad is so great that even Chiang Kai-shek dare not kill him, and it's inconvenient for our authorities to take his sword.

I recently read Peng Hua's Biography of Ma Yinchu, and got a better understanding of this famous economist, demographer and educator at home and abroad. After reading this book, this impression was deeply imprinted on my mind. As long as I think of this name, I have a feeling of awe. Mr. Ma Yinchu experienced three historical periods: Qing Dynasty, Republic of China and People's Republic of China (PRC), spanning a whole century. What impressed me the most were two major events. The first is the incisive exposure and fierce attack on the corruption of the Kuomintang government during the Anti-Japanese War. The second thing is that after 1957, in the face of large-scale encirclement and suppression criticism, it showed fearless righteousness.

During the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Ma Yinchu lived in Chongqing. He didn't become an official or get rich. He devoted himself to study and sought the way to save the country. In his speeches, articles and interviews with students and soldiers, he repeatedly condemned those who made it difficult for the country to make money. It is pointed out that the war of resistance is the contribution of "inferior people"; The "middle class" pays the bill; The "upper class" neither pays nor contributes, but benefits from it. The "upper class" used their power to rob the rich and help the poor. He angrily pointed out that the "upper classes" inferior to pigs and dogs are Kong Xiangxi and Song Ziwen. He clamored for the imposition of "temporary property tax" on people with financial difficulties, and urged it to be implemented from Song Ziwen, Kong Xiangxi and others, and pointed the finger at Chiang Kai-shek, demanding that Chiang "put righteousness first and family first". Mr Ma Yinchu's voice was called "the lion's roar" in the mountain city at that time. What courage and courage this is! Chiang Kai-shek's regime used both soft and hard, threatened and lured, followed and intimidated, imprisoned soft prisoners, and even invested in Xifeng concentration camp and Shangrao concentration camp. In the end, Chiang Kai-shek dared not kill him.

Second, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mr. Ma Yinchu participated in the discussion of state affairs with full political enthusiasm. After careful consideration, he put forward his own theory of "beating around the bush" and "new population theory" I have a superficial understanding that the so-called recklessness is probably what we usually call comprehensive balance; The population problem faced by China has been severely put before us. In fact, Mao Zedong has talked about this many times. Unfortunately, however, Mr. Ma Yinchu's population theory conflicts with Mao Zedong's concept of "more people talk, more energy" in a certain sense. After 1958, newspapers, magazines, posters and various meetings besieged Mr. Ma Yinchu for a long time. Some people in the Central Committee advised Mr. Ma to "write a review and admit his mistakes". It seems that this can still keep the position of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the President of Peking University. The most commendable thing is that in order to safeguard academic dignity and the long-term interests of the country, Ma Lao refused to review, thus losing various positions. It was not until 1979 that Ma Lao was rehabilitated. At this time, Ma Lao was paralyzed and went into the cave? W year

"Wrong batch of one person, wrong increase of 300 million." As we all know, the population problem in China is a huge burden of modernization. In the past decades, Ma Lao has experienced criticism, dismissal and sensational rehabilitation. In the face of ups and downs, Ma Lao was as calm as water.