What are the famous arguments between theists and atheists in history?

The dispute between Fan and Zhen. How famous.

Fan Zhen (about 450 ~ about 5 15)fàn zhěn

China was a thinker and atheist in Qi and Liang Dynasties. This word is true. Nanyang Wuyin (now northwest of Biyang County, Henan Province) was born. He used to be Ningman's master book, Shangshutang's doctor, Yidu's satrap and Jinan's satrap. He had two public debates with Buddhist theists. Fan Zhen opposed Buddhist karma, saying that life is like a flower on the same tree, some petals are blown to the hall, and some petals fall into the cesspit. This is a natural phenomenon, there is no cause and effect at all. Regarding the debate between form and spirit, he believes that form and spirit are integrated and inseparable. Without form, spirit cannot exist alone. He is the author of Theory of Immortal Extinction and Answering Cao Nan's Immortal Extinction (namely Answering Cao Sheren).

In the sixth year of Tian Jian (507), Ren Zhongshu Shi Lang officially published The Theory of Deity Extinction. He asserted that it is impossible to become a Buddha without being dead, that people's wealth and poverty are not innate destiny, and that what goes around comes around is sheer nonsense. When Fan Zhen's "On the Extinction of Immortals" came out, there was an uproar in the government and the public. In order to eliminate its influence, the rulers once wrote down the imperial edict of "answering the theory of the extinction of officials and gods" and oppressed Fan Zhen with power; At the same time, more than 60 princes, dignitaries and monks were mobilized, and more than 70 articles were published to besiege Fanzhen. Jingling Wang Xiaoliang Zi was once again tempted by dangerous pressure, but Fan Zhen still insisted on his own theory and refused to give in. Jean Liang Zi said:' The extinction of God is irrational, but Qing insisted on it so as not to harm the famous religion. With the great beauty of Qing dynasty, why not suffer from Zhong Shulang, but if you are good at it, you can destroy it. Zhen smiled and said, "It is enough to make Fan Zhen sell his theory and become an official. Why is it evil to be a scholar?" (Biography of Heather Fan Yun)