Bone-stealing cave next to Mengliang Pagoda in Liangxiang

There are many places related to the legend of General Yang in Haidian, Changping and Miyun in Beijing. In fact, in Fangshan, there are some local legends related to Yang Jiajiang, among which "Meng Liang steals bones" is the most famous.

If you take the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway southbound, the train departs from Beijing West Railway Station for 365,438+0 kilometers and passes through Liangxiang Station. The hillside next to the east side of the railway is Liaoshi Mountain with red rocks (which has been blocked by the local park fence). On the mountain stands a Millennium ancient pagoda-Haotian Pagoda, also known as Duobao Pagoda. Looking up at this 36-meter-high, simple and vigorous five-story octagonal pavilion-style brick tower, do you know that it was built in Sui, rebuilt in Tang and rebuilt in Liao? Especially its relationship with Yang Jiajiang is little known.

According to Beijing Publishing House 1999 edition of Fangshan District Records of Beijing, "Song and Liao fought. Pan Renmei, the head coach of the Song Dynasty, made a mistake in command, and the general Yang Ye was trapped in Chenjiagu, Shuozhou County, Shanxi Province (now Shuozhou City, Chenjiagu is suspected of Chen Jiayu-the author's note), seriously injured and captured. Yang Ye died of hunger strike, and the coffin was parked in Haotian Pagoda in Youzhou. " In other words, the remains of Laoyang Gongling were once stored in Haotian Pagoda in Liangxiang by Liao Army. Now there is a song "Meng Liang Stealing Bones" in Beijing Opera, which tells the story that happened here. According to legend, Meng Liang broke the gourd, and the stones on the torch mountain burned to the present red. When Haotian Park was built in Liangxiang a few years ago, in order to attract tourists, tombs of Meng Liang and Jiao Zan and bone-stealing caves were built next to the ancient pagoda.

There are two other places related to the legend of bone theft in Meng Liang. One is Yanhua Xingcheng, the residential area of Yanshan Petrochemical Company, located at Dadong Village Bus Station in Yancun Town, actually covering the northern part of Guzhuang Village. Beijing Publishing House 1992 edition of "Toponymic Records of Fangshan District, Beijing" says that the ancient village was opened in this way: "Jin has become a village, and it is said that it was named after the Song Dynasty stole the bones and opened the coffin here for inspection." "Guan Kai Village" or "Gukai Village" later became the present name. That is to say, after Meng Liang stole the bones of Laoyang Palace Bell from Liangxiang Tower, he ran to the southwest for 17 miles before he dared to stop and open the inspection (note: there was no asphalt road in ancient times, this article is calculated according to the linear distance, the same below). Another place is Chonggezhuang in Qinglong Lake Town. "It became a village in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that when Meng Liang stole the bone, it was scattered and repackaged. Because of its name, it was included in Zhuangzhuang and later evolved into Chonggezhuang "(ibid.). Chonggezhuang is located in the northwest of Liangxiang Tower 17 Li Road, and Kaiguzhuang is located in the south of Chonggezhuang 18 Li Road. These three positions are basically equilateral triangles connected by straight lines. It seems that if Meng Liang didn't despair after stealing the bone, he was running around on purpose to get rid of his pursuers, right?

Although there is no exact record that Yang Jiajiang's troops have been to Beijing, the Song and Liao Dynasties have been at war for a long time at that time. Fangshan District is located in the southwest of Beijing, bordering Yongding River in the east, Taihang Mountain in the west, Lugouqiao Bridge and Beijing in the middle in the north, and Jizhou, Hebei Province in the south via Liangxiang and Liu Lihe. This is indeed a battleground for military strategists, and it was once the dividing line between Song and Liao. Therefore, there are more legends about it, especially the heroine Yangmen, the female general Mu.

In the northwest of Zhoukoudian town, there is a canyon called Changgouyu, in which there is a donation bay and forest.

Deep grass is dense and elegant. Legend has it that it is the place where Mu Guiying recruits. The author passed the mountains several times more than 30 years ago, and what impressed me the most was a dilapidated classroom, a teacher, teaching while cooking. A dozen students, all in different grades, are arranged to do their homework after a class in one grade and tell several students in another grade. There is a small door in the classroom connected to the teacher's dormitory, a single bed board and bedding, an erhu hanging on the wall, and the iron pot on the earthen stove is steaming. The bright sunshine outside the classroom shines through the cracks in the leaves, forming many beams; Red persimmons are covered with branches, and many persimmons are neatly stacked on the windowsill, which is quite rustic. Of course, we can also see the backwardness of education at that time, the hardships and efforts of teachers. Because Donated Soldiers Bay is located in the goaf of Gouyu Coal Mine, director of Beijing Mining Bureau, the country has arranged for all villagers to move out more than ten years ago, and this beautiful natural village has disappeared.

There is also a village tied to horses in the southwest of Zhoukoudian Town, which is said to be the place where Mu Tian Tian Men array tied to horses (see the place name of Fangshan District). Now the village name of Dongling residential area of Yanshan Petrochemical Company is Yangeryu. According to legend, Mu gave birth to a son in this life, so the village was named Yangeryu, but it was renamed as it is now because it was indecent. This legend is almost known by people over 40 and 50 years old in Fangshan District. There is a huge stone named "Elephant Stone" in the village, which is strange and spectacular. In the early years, many city people came here to visit. There is also a "rest post" in Yanshan area, which is said to be the place where Mu Guiying rested during the war. In addition, Mujiakou Village in Zhang Fang Town, which is the fourth capital on the way to Du Shi, now has an antique woodcut village to attract tourists. This is of course a supplementary meeting, but the village is really dominated by Mu surname. Others, such as Ma Paoquan in Niukouyu Village, Fangshan Chengguan, have the same name and legend in other districts and counties in Beijing.