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Jujube, scientific name Ziziphus jujuba mill. (Flora of China), English name: Chinese-date, Chinese alias: jujube tree.

It is a deciduous shrub or small arbor plant jujube of Rhamnaceae, and it is also a mature fruit of jujube. It is cultivated all over China. Flowers are small and honey-rich, and they are honey-source plants. Fruit jujube, rectangular, green when immature and reddish brown when mature. It can be eaten raw or made into dried fruit or preserved fruit. Rich in nutrition, jujube varieties, different sizes, skin and kernel are used as medicine, skin can strengthen the spleen, kernel can soothe the nerves; Vitamin c can be extracted from pulp and used for wine making; Core-shell can be used to make activated carbon.

Dehydrated jujube meat is also the raw material for processing brown sugar. Mature jujube contains natural fructose, and also contains protein, calcium, iron, magnesium, carotene, vitamin C, B 1, B2 and other trace elements needed by human body.

Speaking of Jishan, you will think of Jishan Banzao, which is well-known at home and abroad. "Jishan jujube is big, small in stone, sweet and crisp and easy to bite." Why is Jishan jujube so delicious? There is another legend.

I wonder when it was before. There is a village in Jishan County called Lucun, which is located at the foot of Luliang Mountain. There is an honest and upright young man named Banel in the village. My parents died early and my family was poor. He lives by going up the mountain to collect firewood.

One day, Banel went up the mountain with a rope, a pole and an axe to cut firewood. When he climbed to the top of the mountain, he saw two people sitting on a big bluestone playing chess. These two men are the mountain gods of Luliang Mountain, one is Lu and the other is Liang. They live in the Rocky Mountain under the right main peak of Huanghuayukou at the southernmost tip of Luliang Mountain. Of course, these boards won't know. He has been firewood in the mountains all the year round, and he feels very lonely. Today, it is rare for two people to play chess at the top of the mountain, so he threw the rope axe aside and sat on a big stone. It looks like playing chess.

In this game of chess, two mountain gods ate three jujubes and spit them on the ground behind them. Banel conveniently picked them up from the ground, put them in his mouth and swallowed them. When the two mountain gods packed their bags to leave, Banel remembered that he had not put the firewood. When he turned to get the rope and axe, he found that his rope and axe had rotted, the handle of the axe had rotted, and the axe had turned into a pile of rust. Banel panicked and didn't know what to do. The two mountain gods looked at Banel's puzzled expression and found it very interesting. They told him that they played a game of chess for three years and ate dates three times in three years. It would be great if Banel swallowed three dates. If it's not enough to bundle all the trees in Luliang Mountain, you won't have to worry about being sad in the future. Banel suddenly realized this. When he left, the two mountain gods also gave Banel a book to read in the most difficult time. This book has its own magical function, but it is not allowed to rummage casually at ordinary times. Banel got the fairy tale book and returned home with surprise.

The house that has been unoccupied for three years is in tatters. Banel, regardless of cleaning the house, sat under the lamp and turned over the books curiously. He just whispered the words "heavenly soldiers and heavenly generals ..." Suddenly, all over the house, yard and room, one by one, the heavenly soldiers and heavenly generals with red fangs, armor and guns and swords stood everywhere looking for their teeth and shouted, "What can I do for you?" It turns out that this is a gobbledygook to send heavenly soldiers and generals. Banel was surprised and puzzled. He quickly took a deep breath and said, "Pull up the jujube trees on Luliang Mountain." Mountain soldiers will roar again; "Where is it planted?" Banel replied: "Ganquan Village, Yao Village, Liang Tao." In an instant, the heavenly soldiers will disappear.

The next day, people found that all the jujube trees in Luliang Mountain were gone. The fields in Taocun Village, Yaocun Village, Ganquan Village and Hu Jiazhuang Village are covered with jujube trees, which bear large and full dates.

Since then, people have been very grateful to Banel, so they called Jishan Jujube "Banzao".

Ancient jujube trees in China

The Legend of General Tree in Qingyun County

Author: Li, member of Jiu San Society

The average tree is the Tang jujube tree in Qingyun County. This tree is located in the south of Zhoujia Village, Zhanghou Township, Qingyun Town, on the south bank of Qianjin River in Zhang Weixin. There are countless legends about this old jujube tree. Lu Yuanpei, who was appointed as the magistrate of Qingyun County in the first year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising this strange tree "half an acre of clear shade, vicissitudes of life towering." Countless branches have their own colors, preferring to leave the ice and snow. Gao Shi is arrogant in building a house, and the general sits on the ground and sends his generals. Talk about pearls and then know that profits are definitely the first in South China. "As can be seen from the description of the old jujube tree in this poem, this tree has been shaded for half an acre at most after thousands of years. Despite the vicissitudes of life, there is still a towering trend and prosperity. General McCullough and these heroes of Wagangshan risked their lives to get in and out of Qingyun for the inheritance of the Tang Dynasty, and it was definitely not the first time. Every time they came here, they tied their horses and sat on the ground to rest. It also discussed military affairs and became a place for general Wagangshan to discuss and rest in the wild, so the locals had three names at that time. One is the statement of general Shu; Second, some people call this tree Wagangshan General Chamber of Commerce; Third, because General McCullough once tied a horse here, it is also called McCullough tied a horse stake.

General McCullough has a soft spot for this tree and wanders back and forth. In the hot season, the war horse is happy to whistle for a long time when he sees the old trees can rest. In the mature season, you can pick baskets of red dates like red pearls. As we all know, General Luo Cheng was the founding general of the Tang Dynasty. When he passed Qingyun back and forth, the Tang Dynasty had not yet been established. The Sui Dynasty was founded in 58 1 and ended in 6 18. It has been 139 1 year since the Sui Dynasty was overthrown, with a history of only 37 years. Therefore, General mccullough should choose a tree that can cool himself and tie his horse. His horse is not an ordinary horse, but a short-tempered BMW pony loved by millions of soldiers. This ancient tree was at least 200 years old at that time. According to the poem recorded in the Annals of Qingyun County in the Fourth Year of Xianfeng, Qing Dynasty, this ancient jujube tree was planted at least in the period of 479-502 AD in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Why is such an old jujube tree called Tangzao?

There is a story among Qingyun people, because General McCullough often tied his horse to rest under this tree. One year, he rested under an old jujube tree, which was around August 15th. The tree was full of fruits, and General mccullough was hungry, so he picked dates to satisfy his hunger. That jujube is sweeter than honey, and he has a great responsibility this time. General McCullough will represent Wagangzhai hero to meet Tang Guogong Li Yuan to discuss cooperation to overthrow the corrupt Sui Dynasty. The general came in a hurry without a gift. General Luo ate this sweet jujube, gave money to the owner of this tree, bought the red jujube on this tree as a gift, and went to see Tang Guogong Li Yuan. The owner of this tree said that he didn't want General Luo's money anyway, so he filled the general's commissary bag. General Luo thanked the villagers and hurried to Tang gaozu's camp day and night. General Luo met Li Yuan and presented a red jujube gift. Li Yuan took it and asked, "What did General Luo offer?" Luo Cheng replied: "Returning to the Tang Dynasty is a precious fructose jujube in the world." Li Yuan ate a few and nodded. Tang gaozu immediately tasted the dates brought by General McCullough with Li Shimin and his generals. The generals headed by Li Shimin said loudly with one voice, "How sweet! It is really a sugar jujube! " After this cooperation and consultation with jujube as the medium, a consensus was reached to overthrow the Sui Dynasty. And it was one victory after another, which soon overthrew the Sui Dynasty.

When Li Yuan was discussing with ministers the country name used in the founding of the People's Republic of China, he went out to play: "My father wanted to use Tang as the country name for two reasons. First, my father was Tang Guogong, and second, General McCullough used sugar dates as a medium, which enabled us to reach a consensus with the heroes of Wagangzhai. All the heroes in Wagangzhai surrendered to us except Dan Xiong Xin, who are loyal generals. General Mai died to overthrow the Great Sui Dynasty, and we will commemorate the Confederacy of Sending Sugar and Jujube from generation to generation. Tang gaozu was overjoyed: "Very reasonable. "The legend of the emergence of the Tang Dynasty and Qingyun ancient dates has been passed down from generation to generation. Sugar jujube and sugar jujube have spread all over China and every corner of the earth.

It is said that when the Prince of Yan swept the north in the Ming Dynasty, many locals hid under the Tang jujube tree, and suddenly the fog filled everyone, so the locals also called the Tang jujube tree a sacred tree. 1989, Qingyun county party Committee and government erected a monument for Tang Zao, and the word "Tang Zao" was inscribed by the famous calligrapher Mr. Jiang Weisong. Seal script is elegant and generous. The inscription was written by Mr. Zong Weicheng, a 76-year-old professor of Shandong Art College at that time, with more than 300 words in regular script.

Although this general tree has experienced more than 1600 years of wind and rain, it is still flourishing. It is the oldest jujube tree in China and has been included in the Dictionary of Places of Interest in China. Although the jujube trees in the Tang Dynasty have experienced vicissitudes of life and suffered repeated defeats, they are still deeply rooted and luxuriant, as vigorous and elegant as dragons and phoenixes, with hollow trunks that can accommodate people. Every autumn harvest, you can still hit 100 kilograms of dates. There are many ancient jujube trees around the general tree, so the Tangzao Ecological Sightseeing Park was built. In 2008, the tourist park was rated as a provincial-level eco-sightseeing agricultural tourism demonstration site. Now that she is protected by the government, all the tourists who come to Qingyun linger under this general tree, and many people take photos with the general tree as a souvenir.

The Legend of Jujube in Hami, Xinjiang

Hami jujube is famous, and there was a record of "jujube suspected of being immortal" in Qing Dynasty. Now it is a famous "famous, excellent and special" fist product in China. It is also known as the "four famous dates" with Shandong Leling Jinsixiaozao, Hebei Cangxian Seedless Jujube and Zhejiang Yiwu Lingling Jujube. Hami jujube is the highest yield and best quality jujube in Wubao Township, and Zhou Muwang praised it after tasting it. Legend has it that a tall girl with deep eye socket, high nose and brown hair stood out among the onlookers when Zhou Muwang was on a mission to the Western Regions and passed by Wuhami Fort. Zhou Muwang looked at the girl and the people around him and found that the people here were very different from those in the Central Plains. He couldn't help asking the girl, "Are you a native here?" The girl smiled and said, "We have lived here for many years." Zhou Muwang nodded and asked, "I always think you are very similar to people in Green Ridge and Loulan area. Are you an ancestor? " The girl was surprised and said, "Your Majesty is absolutely right. The people there are indeed our ancestors. Our branch came to Hami basin and settled here. " As she spoke, the girl put a stone plate in her hand in front of Zhou Muwang and said, "Please try our dates." Zhou Muwang looked down and exclaimed, "Oh, such a big jujube has traveled all over China and has never been seen before." Then he carefully picked up one and put it in his mouth to chew slowly. When the girl looked at the crowd, Mu Wang closed her eyes in ecstasy. For a long time, Zhou Muwang slowly opened his eyes and praised again and again: "Wonderful, wonderful! What's the date? " The girl quickly replied, "This is our specialty here. It turned out to be Zizyphus jujuba, and now we plant it ourselves. " . Zhou Muwang sighed, "I can't believe there are such good date palms in the western desert. It seems that the climate here is dry and sunny, which is really providence. "

Legend of the origin of jujube

According to legend, the ancient dragon king accumulated many precious stones and piled them into a gem mountain, which shone brightly. This caused the jealousy of Bai Yufeng, the concubine of the sun god, who ordered the land god to fill the Baoshan Mountain with yellow sand.

When the Yellow River flooded, Shun sent Yu to control the flood. Yu's daughter, named Yun, is very clever. /kloc-when she was 0/3 years old, she bid farewell to her mother and helped her father manage the river. On a dark night, she slipped on the river bank. She thrust her hand into the soil of the river bank, but it didn't fall off. But when she pulled out her hand, a beam of light came out of the small hole. As soon as she saw many gems, she grabbed a red one.

At this time, I was tired and hungry, and thought, if only the jewelry could be eaten. Thinking about it, she couldn't help putting the jewel in her mouth. Who knows, My Sweetie's juice came out as soon as the jewel reached his mouth. After swallowing a few mouthfuls, I don't feel hungry.

When the land god saw that the cloud got the jewel, he said to the cloud that the jewel must be buried in the sand. If Bai Yufeng knows about this, it will definitely cause trouble. According to the entrustment of the land god, Yun buried this gem on the river bank again.

Later, Yun told her father about the gem, and Yu said happily to her daughter, "Let's find the gem quickly, so as to help the victims tide over the famine." Father and daughter came to the river where the jewels were buried, where there was a big tree full of fruits. Fruit is as red as a gem, so they picked one and tasted it. It was sweet and crisp. It turns out that the gem has been nourished by nature and its gas field has become stronger. It grew into a big tree, and the fruit on the tree was exactly the same as itself.

Father and daughter quickly picked the fruit from the tree and gave it to the hungry people. But there are too many hungry people, how to divide the fruit on a tree? So she asked her father to go home first, and she stayed to plant trees every night. Day after day, month after month, in less than a few years, this kind of fruit tree full of jewel-like fruits is full here. Because a tree is planted, everyone calls it a tree. In order to distinguish it from the tree name, people created a word "jujube", which means that jujube is a woody plant, and a word "towel" means that it is a female race. People think that writing once can't express their feelings.