& lt& lt shepherd boy >> writing background

& lt Tang > Lv Yan

The grass shop is six or seven miles away from the field, and the flute makes the night wind three or four times.

Come back from a full meal at dusk and lie in the moonlight without taking off your hemp fiber.

To annotate ...

The grass seems to have been spread on the ground, and it is everywhere in Fiona Fang.

There were three or four melodious flutes of the shepherd boy in the evening breeze.

At dusk after supper, the shepherd boy came back from the pasture.

He didn't even take off his hemp fiber, so he lay happily on the grass and looked at the bright moon in the sky.

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The poem "The Shepherd Boy" shows us a vivid picture of a shepherd boy returning home at night: the vast Yuan Ye is covered with green grass; The evening breeze is blowing the weeds. I haven't seen the shepherd boy come back yet, but I first heard the melodious and approaching flute of the shepherd boy coming from the wind. The flute sounded intermittently and fluttered with the wind. The shepherd boy came back and had a good meal. It's already after dusk. He didn't even take off his hemp fiber, so he lay in the open field to rest on a moonlit night. There are scenes, feelings, characters and voices in the poem. This vivid scene appears in our field of vision from far and near.

Brief introduction of the author

Yan Lü

[Tang] (around 874 AD) was born in Yongle (Pubanyun) of Taohe River. (Tang Cairen is said to be from Jingzhao. This was unknown to the whole Tang Dynasty. About Tang Xizong lived in Ganfuchu. The first and second county orders of junior middle schools in Xian Tong. Value of Huang Chao's chaos, so I returned to the south with my family and set sail on the rivers and lakes. According to legend, he later met the abdicated immortal clock in Chang 'an Restaurant, and he didn't know what to do. This is the widely circulated story of "Huang Liangmeng", and many novelists and dramatists regard it as the theme of novels and operas. Yan's poems are widely circulated, and the whole Tang poetry is compiled into four volumes, which are well known.

Supplement:

Lv Yan was a famous Taoist in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Immortals" handed down from ancient times. No, Junko. When you say the name Dong Bin, you are talking about the word Dong Bin. Its nationality, birth and death are unknown every year. Earlier records in Song Dynasty called him "Guan" or "Guan Youren". After the Yuan Dynasty, it was more consistent that he was from Yongle Town, Puban County, Hezhongfu (now Ruicheng, Shanxi), or Dongping (now Dongping, Shandong).

He was born in the late Tang Dynasty and died in the early Song Dynasty. He and Chen Tuan are contemporaries. As for later generations pushing his life story to Tang Kaiyuan (765,438+03 ~ 7465,438+0), it was attached to the story of Taoist Lu Weng recorded in A Story of Sleeping on the Pillow by Shen Jiji of the Tang Dynasty. In addition, there are many legends and opinions vary. What is more credible is the record in National History: Lv Dongbin, a Confucian scholar, transferred to another school because of the unfavorable examination room, studied under Zhong Liquan, a hermit of the Five Dynasties, lived in seclusion in Zhong Nanshan and lived in Guanzhong and other places. "Hundreds of years old, looks like a baby. There is fencing in the world. When it comes to Chen Tuan's room, it is associated with legends such as Chen Tuan and Li Qi (a work called Li Qi). Good poems express the essence of inner alchemy and contribute to the formation of inner alchemy. Shi Jian Wu (Huayangzi), a disciple of the Northern Song Dynasty, preached and taught.

Lv Dongbin regarded Dan as the way to cultivate immortality and Zen as the Sect. He claimed that "young scholars are good at learning Confucianism, and they are good at nature, and they abandon the nobility when they cultivate Tianjue, but they don't know the vacuum. Heaven never stops at personnel, and vacuum cannot be separated from karma. " Pointed out: "Those who cultivate Dan should correct their furnace first." Lingjing is the elixir, Lingjing is the medicine, and the eyes, ears, nose and mouth are the eight doors of the furnace. "Always insist" does not hurt the inner truth. "Then, in the furnace of heaven and earth and the tripod of nature, reconcile drugs, reconcile yin and yang, and refine the spirit." It is believed that "those who follow the way of heaven will always keep their true yang and essence, and they will live forever" and said that "they should only care about refining the five elements" It is advocated that one day is a year, the day is spring and summer and the night is autumn and winter. "Ascending and descending Yin and Yang, running four sequences", practice begins day and night. He also believes that "the root of life is anger. First of all, there is a husband and a woman; There are three men and three women. The golden man picked yellow buds at Jiugongtai, and the jade girl picked snow on the twelfth floor. Fire is divided into gossip in water; Lian Yang bid farewell to Kyushu in Yin. Therefore, the three fields will be in harmony, and the fire dragon, out of ignorance, will succeed in a thousand days and swim in Pengdao. There are eight ways to cover ten: seven are small successes, six are medium successes and five are great successes. It is suggested that cultivation should start with eliminating six desires and seven emotions, cleaning up the accumulated gas in the heart and concentrating. Elbow-back method, that is, the drug is carried back to the back through the tail and enters the brain. It is necessary to consider the dragon-tiger river car, but it is necessary to prevent kidney-yang deficiency from entering the top, causing fever. Therefore, we need three men, Zhen, Kan and Gen, and three women, Xun, Li and Dui, to "pitch away, get up and save, and don't rush into it." Following the flight, Jin Jing "hit three levels at a time" and went straight to the palace. If you refine it for a long time and worry too much, you will spit out jade liquid to refine its shape. In addition, there are other methods such as refining gold liquid back to Dan. His poems, such as "The world is hidden in a millet, mountains and rivers are cooked in two liters of pots" and "The people who drink turtles are ignorant, and the ghosts who burn mountains are ugly", are grotesque and particularly popular. After the Northern Song Dynasty, under the guise of Lv Dongbin's name (or "Hui Taoist", "Hui Ke" and "Huishan people"). ), people of all ages have done all kinds of different things, so they have been deified. People who believe in Lv Dongbin are very rich. Yao Zeng, a Taoist scholar in the Song Dynasty, compiled a biography of immortals, saying that among the enlightened people in the Tang and Five Dynasties, "Lv Gong, a pure Yoko, showed great strength". Lv Dongbin's autobiography, named Li Zhong and Kuzhu, means that he met a real person and gained the way of exorcism. "When I was 50, I went to the kitchen for the first time and went to nun 1 for the second time. ""I often go to Zhejiang, Bianjing and Qiaoxian. Tasting leucorrhea, there is a mole under the right eye, such as the messenger of the world, with a large tendon. The world says that I sell ink and fly swords to get people's heads. I smell it. In fact, there are three swords: one is to break troubles, the other is to break greed and anger, and the third is to break lust. This is my sword. God preached to me, but there was no my law; Tell me my way, not my trip. Why? If you are the opposite, although you shake hands and accept martial arts, you can't do it. "Miao Shanshi, a Taoist priest in the Yuan Dynasty, even compiled seven volumes of" Wonderful History of Deification of Emperor Chunyang "and collected 108 stories. Therefore, Lv Dongbin was also worshipped by the emperor. Song Xuanhe was awarded the title of "Miao Tong Zhenren" in the first year (119), and in the sixth year (1269), Yuan Shizu was not awarded the title of "Pure Yang Zhenren" until the third year (1369).

According to legend, there are twelve subjects of Lingbao Dafa taught by Zhong Liquan in Lv Dongbin, which is the Taoist elixir of China Travel Service. I have written a volume "Jiu Yu Zhen Shu" (contained in Song Shiyi Wen Zhi, which is one of the 26 volumes of Daoism) and a volume "Thirty percent after Elbow" (contained in "Solving Problems by Knowing Zhai Shu Shu", which is one of the 25 volumes of Daoism). Zhi Zhai Lu also recorded a volume of "Then Story of Ren Zhen in Yangchun", which is called this article, slightly different). His thought of Dan Dao is still scattered in the five precepts, wonderful things and mysterious things in Tao Shu. Poems include "The Poem of the Golden Dan" compiled in the summer of Southern Song Dynasty, which is consistent with Yang Yi's statement that "there are more than 100 poems handed down from generation to generation". Among them, Yang Yi quotes them, but few of them are based on Yang Yi. There are many annotated versions of Qinyuan Chundan Ci. The Collection of Real People in Pure Yang Collected by the Orthodox Taoist School was compiled by He Zhiyuan, a Taoist priest of the Yuan Dynasty, with mixed authenticity. Lu Zuzhi's "Yi Wen Zhi" added "Knocking Songs" and "Ten Miscellaneous Songs", which is even more unreliable. Although there is a blank song of Yaotou recorded in the Book of Zhi Zhai Lu Jie, there are names such as Fu (Fu Bi), Zhang Shangshu (Zhang Shangying) and Zhao Shumi (Zhao Ding), which are obviously forgeries in the Southern Song Dynasty. Most of Lu Zhu's signature works included in Daozang are relied on or helped by later generations. Most of Lv Zu's complete works are also forged.