What does Zhouyi mean?

The Book of Changes literally refers to the Book of Changes, but in fact it is a combination of the Book of Changes and the Book of Changes, which is a book that explains the Book of Changes. Compared with Lianshan and Guizang in the Book of Rites, The Book of Changes can be regarded as the Book of Changes of the Zhou Dynasty. The book "Yi Zhuan" was almost certainly written not in the Zhou Dynasty, but in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period when Confucius lived.

The Book of Changes is a mysterious work in ancient China. Judging from its arrangement style and text content, it is a book of divination. When Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, Li Si secretly included the Book of Changes in Medical divination, and survived.

As for the author of the Book of Changes, Historical Records said that "the king of literature wrote the Book of Changes", so most of the ancients thought that the Book of Changes was written by Zhou Wenwang according to Sima Qian's theory, but today people have different views. Because this book was written very early, and the meaning of the text evolved with the development of the times, the contents of the Book of Changes in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were not easy to read. Therefore, the ancients wrote the Book of Changes to interpret it. The "Book of Changes" we talk about today usually refers to the combination of the Book of Changes and the Book of Changes.

The nature of the Book of Divination cannot conceal the value of the Book of Changes as a masterpiece. Divination originates from human desire to explain the world, and the sprout of philosophy originates from primitive religion. The Book of Changes provides a good example for this. In China's philosophy, the basic theory of mutual restraint and unity of opposites between Yin and Yang is rooted in the Book of Changes. Later generations developed a complex philosophical system from the Book of Changes, and the theories of Confucianism and Taoism were obviously influenced by the Book of Changes. Modern people interpret the research value of philosophy, politics, history, military, folk customs and many other aspects from the Book of Changes.

According to Zhou Li's records, there are three methods of divination, and the Book of Changes is just one of them. The other two books, Lianshan and Guizang, have been lost.

The Book of Changes was highly praised by many later researchers, many of whom were regarded as profound scholars at that time. The study of Zhouyi can be roughly divided into two schools: the school of righteousness and the school of image. The school of righteousness pays attention to exploring the philosophical value of Zhouyi, and the school of mathematics pays attention to divination with Zhouyi. The former is like Bi in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, while the latter is like Shao Yong in the Western Han Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty. As we all know, Hutuluo Shu and Taiji Tu (including the circular patterns of Yin and Yang fish) were not in the original Yijing, and later generations supplemented it according to their own understanding of Yijing.

Writing process

The completion time of Zhouyi has always been controversial. As far as Yijing and Yijing are concerned, Yijing was written in ancient times. Judging from the rarity of its characters, it is at least earlier than the Spring and Autumn Period, and the specific age is difficult to verify. Some people talk about the early Western Zhou Dynasty, while others talk about Western weekends. The sixty-four hexagrams in the Book of Changes are complete, harmonious and inseparable, and the style of writing is consistent. It is a one-step work, not an intermittent work of several eras. It's just that some hexagrams (that is, paintings of gossip and sixty-four hexagrams, excluding words) may have been handed down earlier.

Compared with the Book of Changes, the text of the Book of Changes is obviously easier to understand, and modern people with a foundation in ancient Chinese can read it through. At the same time, the style and content of different articles and even different chapters of the same article have obvious changes, and it is not necessarily written by one person at a time. As for the author of Yi Zhuan, Historical Records is Confucius. Some people think that it was written during the Warring States Period or the Qin and Han Dynasties, while others think that it was revised by later generations on the basis of the original version of Confucius' Yi Zhuan. Opinions vary. But it is undeniable that there are many Confucian viewpoints in the Book of Changes, and they are trying to find the moral and ethical value of the Book of Changes. Sometimes I feel that the Book of Changes is not so "loyal to the original", but in general, I still want to thank the Book of Changes. Without its explanation, the Book of Changes will really become a complete gobbledygook.

content

The Book of Changes, which has been handed down now, consists of two parts:

Book of Changes: * * Sixty-four hexagrams, each of which includes hexagrams, hexagrams, hexagrams, hexagrams, hexagrams, hexagrams and hexagrams. Figuratively speaking, sixty-four hexagrams are like sixty-four chapters of a book; Gua Hua is like the serial number of each chapter; Guaci is like the title and theme of each chapter; Each hexagram is like six sections, and the title is like the serial number of each section; Words are like the content of every section. Sixty-four hexagrams * * 384 hexagrams, but the first two hexagrams are one more for Gan and Kun, so ***386 hexagrams.

Yi Zhuan: Also known as Ten Wings, it is the annotation of the Book of Changes, including Xun Shangxia, Xiang Shangxia, Cohesion Shangxia, Classical Chinese, Preface Gua, Speaking Gua and Miscellaneous Gua.

The Book of Changes contains a unique symbol system, which consists of three groups of "-"(a long horizontal line) and "-"(two short horizontal lines) overlapping to form eight diagrams, and six groups overlapping to form sixty-four hexagrams. Eight diagrams symbolize heaven, earth, water, fire, wind, thunder, mountains, and the characteristics of these eight things, and with the above characteristics, we can take analogy as everything.

The arrangement order of the sixty-four hexagrams in the Book of Changes is by no means random, but symbolizes the development process of things, and each hexagram has rich meanings. The first two hexagrams, Gankun, not only symbolize heaven and earth, but also abstract the nature of pure yang and pure yin in the initial state of the world. Then yin and yang swing and everything changes. The next divination is "Tun", which describes the chaotic state when the world was born. ......

By the sixty-third hexagram, Ji Ji, his hexagram painting showed that Yin and Yang were evenly distributed, with Yang in odd position (Yang position) and Yin in even position (Yin position), indicating that Yin and Yang had developed into a completely harmonious balance, as if the world had stopped. But the book of changes is impressive in that it ends with "unprofitable" as the sixty-fourth hexagram. After a seemingly balanced stillness, it shows that the world is essentially in constant motion.

Just like the arrangement order of the sixty-four hexagrams, the arrangement order of the six hexagrams in each hexagram also reflects the law of things in a specific development stage, which is determined by the theme of the hexagram where the hexagram is located, the specific position of the hexagram (which of the six positions from bottom to top) and the nature of the hexagram (yin or yang).

Sixty-four hexagrams in the Book of Changes are briefly described as Gankun Tunmeng needs lawyers, which is better than small animals. My colleagues are very modest and willing, and I am eager to meet them. It's better to stay away from a big animal than to skin it. Xianheng and Dazhuang, and Jinhe's family. Solve the profit and loss and raise the trapped well. Chuang gradually returned to her sister's rich journey, and she was blessed by the festival. Younger than Gigi and not helping, it's for the next 34.