[Revealing South Korea's "Tianma" 2 medium-range air defense missile system] Medium-range extended-range air defense missile range

Recently, South Korea announced its second self-developed medium-range air defense missile system "Qingmei II" (also called "Iron Eagle" -2 in some media), which is a medium-range air defense missile system with a longer range and greater power than the current "Tianma" in South Korea. This is a major breakthrough of South Korea's independent national defense plan M-SAM project.

It has been brewing for a long time

South Korea's M-SAM program has a long history. Although it cooperates with different foreign companies, it is still a model of Korea's independent national defense project. This plan not only gave birth to the current "Tianma" medium and short-range air defense missile system, but also aimed at the world's most advanced technology with more powerful functions.

M-SAM Plan At the end of the last century, American-aided eagle air defense missiles in South Korea gradually aged, and accidents occurred frequently during training. In addition, at this time, North Korea's ballistic missile tests were frequent, especially 1998, which greatly stimulated South Korea. To this end, South Korea launched the M-SAM missile development plan. In fact, South Korea has been planning the M-SAM medium-range air defense missile system since the development of Tianma short-range air defense missile. This project is almost the essence of Korean industry. The development work is presided over by the Korea National Defense Development Agency, and the main contractor is LIG NEXI Company. Initially, the M-SAM project belongs to the SAM-X project. The missile radar system is developed by LG, the missile launch vehicle is in the charge of Samsung, and the combat data system is jointly developed by LG and other companies.

It was originally planned to put M-SAM into active service when the Eagle missile was retired in 20 10, but the plan was put on hold for a long time because the United States did not support it. However, based on the French Cobra missile, the development of weapon knowledge 20 12, the second phase of the "Tianma" project is progressing smoothly, which encourages Korean scientific research departments to focus on technology sources outside the United States.

Import "Warrior" In June 2003,165438+1October, LG Company of South Korea disclosed the drawings and other technical details of the M-SAM medium-range air defense missile for the first time, but the development of the missile was highly confidential. At the end of 2003, L.G. exhibited the M-SAM prototype and its launcher for the first time at the Korea Air Show. Its shape is similar to the 48N6 missile used in Russian S-300 air defense missile system, and the launch vehicle is also similar to S-300. It is believed that the system has some connection with Russia. In recent years, ashur Bailey, the chief designer of Diamond-Antai Company, disclosed to the outside world that Diamond-Antai Company had defeated American and French companies and won the contract to develop the M-SAM medium-range air defense system for the South Korean military, for which South Korea invested nearly $6,543.80 billion. In fact, in the late 1990s, the M-SAM project in Russia and South Korea simultaneously launched the medium-range mobile air defense system plan named Vityaz, which was made public by Diamond-Antai Company at 1998, mainly to compete with the SAMP-T land-based medium-range air defense and anti-missile system developed by European countries (France and Italy) at that time. Due to the lack of funds in Russia at this time, the project was stagnant, and the intervention of South Korea brought the plan back to life.

South Korea initially chose the 48N6E interceptor used by the S-300, and later changed it to the short-range 9M96E missile of the S-400 at the suggestion of Russia. This hesitation delayed the development plan from 2003 to 2006. With the injection of Korean capital, the "Warrior" system was developed in 2007. At first, the "Warrior" system was specially developed for South Korea, but before Russia delivered the radar prototype to South Korea, Diamond Antai Company showed the performance of the new radar to the Russian Ministry of Defense, which aroused the interest of the Russian military. Later, the Russian military asked the company to develop a similar system with better technical and tactical performance to replace the old S-300. The national test of "Warrior" air defense system will end on 20 13.

From 2004 to 2006, Diamond-Antai Company of Russia developed three M-SAM radar prototypes with US$ 30 million provided by South Korea and US$ 60 million added later, and delivered them to South Korea in 2007. LG and Diamond-Antai jointly developed the mobile command module of Tianma 2 system with 20 million US dollars from South Korea.

It is said that the Tianma-2 missile was tested with the 9M96E missile of Russian S-400, which is being made in South Korea. Like Russia's "Warrior" system, it can intercept not only low-speed targets such as airplanes, helicopters, drones and cruise missiles, but also high-speed small targets such as tactical ballistic missiles. It is believed that "Tianma" 2 is a simplified version of the Russian "Warrior" system. More precisely, "Warrior" is an enhanced version of "Tianma" 2. At present, the launch test of the "Tianma" prototype system has been completed, and it may enter a series of practical engineering tests at the same time with the Russian "Warrior" system. At the same time, both Russia and South Korea are seeking the possibility of the system entering the international market. system composition

South Korea's "Tianma" 2 system basically follows the system composition of Russian "Warrior", and it is estimated that the number of system components is less than that of "Warrior". Usually, Tianma 2 system consists of 1 integrated radar with monitoring and tracking function, 1 command module, 3 transport vehicles, 1 power supply vehicle and 1 support vehicle. Theoretically, there will be a number of bomb disposal vehicles and cranes maneuvering in the field. All these vehicles use a 4-axle off-road truck chassis.

Use surveillance radar "Tianma" 2. The fire control radar is a MFMTR x band unilateral 3D phased array radar, which consists of a diagonal rectangular antenna at the top of the vehicle and a radar shelter below. The antenna can be folded forward in front of the radar shelter. Compared with other phased array radars, this kind of radar is different in that although it is an all-electronic scanning mode, the antenna can rotate at the speed of 60 rpm to increase the detection efficiency. The radar adopts X-band, which can detect and track more than 40 targets at the same time, and can intercept 8 of them with the guidance of "two stops and one" with high hit rate. Using X-band can not only detect aircraft, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles more accurately, but also effectively detect and identify tactical ballistic missiles.

The biggest difference between the interceptor missile Tianma 2 and the original medium and short-range missile Tianma is that there is no wing in the middle and four rudder surfaces in the tail. It adopts vector thrust system to achieve extremely high acceleration and turning speed. It adopts inertial guidance module, with the assistance of X-band radar data link, and then the radar target searcher completes the terminal guidance. The missile weighs 400kg, is 4.6 1 m long, 27.5cm in diameter and has a maximum range of 40km. The missile is packed in a round packaging tube and protected.

Launching system The launching system of Tianma -2 missile adopts a double-layer 8-pack configuration, with 4 pieces in each pack. The launch vehicle was originally designed to carry a combination of 12 launch tubes. After 1 year, it was improved to 10 tube, and then it was changed to the current 8-tube design. When the missile is launched or needs to be tested, the crane can be used to replace the 8-in 1 launcher assembly as a whole. When the system is maneuvering, the missile is placed horizontally on the launch vehicle, and the hydraulic system will erect the 8-unit launch assembly as a whole when launching. At the launch position, the chassis of the launch vehicle is supported off the ground by four hydraulic arms, and then leveled and adjusted to make the launch system stable and balanced.

The command and control system of Tianma 2 is mainly concentrated in a mobile command post. The command post is a modular vehicle-mounted shelter with a communication system and a mission planning system. It transmits data information to the outside world through a data link, and commands and controls the whole launch unit through an internal communication system. The interior of the command shelter adopts T-shaped channel design, and the main display part is concentrated in front of the shelter, with two command seats. There are five display screens on the upper part of the command seat, which can show the task progress and radar search. There is a main control display screen at the front and bottom of each seat, which mainly displays the task plan, and the upper display can be switched to the lower one. There is a launch site monitoring display screen above the side of the command seat to display the launch situation in real time.

operating characteristic

The performance of "Tianma" 2 missile system is obviously different from the air defense system deployed by South Korea in the past, and there is also a major breakthrough in technology, which will have an important impact on South Korea's future air defense capability and technical level.