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The method and function of fruit tree girdling

Ring cutting refers to the practice of stripping a certain width of bark around plant branches. It is a planting measure to promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality.

brief introduction

Ring cutting refers to the practice of stripping a certain width of bark around plant branches. It is a planting measure to promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality. In girdling bark (phloem), the water and minerals absorbed by the root system normally move upward to the catheter, and after a period of time, the upper branches of girdling grow normally. However, due to the obstruction of the downward movement of organic matter, a lot of organic matter accumulates at the upper end of the incision, thus forming swollen calluses or tumors. After a long time, roots will starve to death if they don't get organic nutrition for a long time. "Trees are afraid of peeling" is the truth. If the ring cut is not wide, after a period of time, the callus can connect the upper and lower bark and restore the material transportation ability.

Ring cutting method

Select exuberant long branches, exuberant young trees that have borne or will bear fruit, temporary trees in the planned dense planting garden or particularly strong branches for girdling. That is, it is suitable for woody fruit trees and vine fruit trees with sufficient fertilizer and water, high management level, thick green leaves and thick green leaves, and is not suitable for circumcision of young trees, diseased trees or fruit trees that have entered a high-yield period. Otherwise, it is easy to cause serious decline or even death of trees. Do not gird or gird the trunk, nor gird, gird and gird every main branch. Leave some branches to transport nutrients to the roots to ensure the normal growth of the roots.

Circular cutting principle

The principle of fruit tree girdling technology is to temporarily prevent the organic matter produced by photosynthesis from moving underground, concentrate nutrients on branches and buds, promote the formation of flower buds, improve the quality of flowers and reduce the loss of flowers and fruits; Shorten the vegetative growth cycle of young trees, bear fruit early, and improve the yield of flourishing and empty trees. But girdling and girdling are both man-made injuries to trees, such as improper handling, too many girdling times and too wide girdling layer.

Function and influence

Proper girdling of branches can temporarily hinder the downward transport of organic matter, increase the accumulation of nutrients in the upper part of wounds, promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality. The width of peeling is suitable for healing in the same year, generally less than 0.5 cm, which is mostly used for side branches or long branches. However, girdling the same tree many times will easily lead to weak growth and shorten the age of the tree.

It is generally believed that girdling the trunk of a tree will lead to hunger at the root and death of the tree because the sieve tube that transports organic nutrients downward is cut off, so there is a saying that "trees are afraid of peeling". However, some plants, such as pear, apple and other fruit trees, as well as woody bark medicinal plants such as Eucommia ulmoides, Cortex Phellodendri and Magnolia Officinalis, have been successfully girdled and regenerated. Crusting and regeneration need suitable conditions, such as lush foliage and vigorous growth of trees; The peeling time should be in the vigorous period of cambium activity. After peeling, the relative humidity of the air should be kept above 80%, and the correct peeling method should be adopted so that the immature xylem cells on the surface of the trunk are not damaged or less damaged. The principle of survival by peeling is that immature xylem cells and a small amount of residual cambium cells on the exposed surface quickly recover their dividing ability under certain conditions, and the embryonic form of bark is basically established in about 1 month. Peeling regeneration can be used for the growth of bark medicinal materials, and the principle of ring cutting is also applied to fruit tree cultivation. Proper pruning at flowering stage can temporarily block the downward transportation of organic matter, increase the nutrient accumulation in the upper part of the wound, promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality. The width of peeling is suitable for healing in the same year, generally less than 0.5 cm, which is mostly used for side branches or long branches. However, girdling the same tree many times will easily lead to weak growth and shorten the age of the tree.

This method is also often used to explore the role of sieve tubes in biology.