In ancient times, women were called male officials, and what were men called female officials?

In ancient times, women called men officers and men called women ladies.

The official was the title of the Song Dynasty, and the word "official" appeared in the imperial court. Among ordinary people, there is the title of "official".

In Song Dynasty, women called their husbands "officials". For example, in Water Margin, Lin Chong was called an official by his wife, and in Jin Ping Mei, Ximen Qing's wives and concubines called him an official. Up to now, the folks still call the newlyweds "the groom's official" and "the bride".

"Official" originally meant to be an official, and it was generally a courtesy title for an official. After the Tang Dynasty, especially in the Song Dynasty, the use of "officials" was not limited to the bureaucratic class, and some businessmen with special status were also called "officials" or "big officials".

Extended data

The appellation of husband and wife can be traced back to the pre-Qin period. "Lover" refers to the earliest appellation between husband and wife in ancient times, and is also a common mutual appellation. But the word lover does not show the gender of men and women, and there is not much difference between men and women in ancient times.

Later, the word "Liang" was added to the right to become Lang. Add "female" to the left of the word "good" to become the mother, the male is called "Lang", and the female is called "Niang", "husband" and "wife". The relationship between husband and wife is quite good.

In the Song Dynasty, some wives called their husbands "outsiders", while the more elegant ones called them "waizi". A husband calls his wife "wife" or "wife". In front of others, there are "wife" and "family", which are more elegant titles.

Later, after the popularity of drama, the name "xianggong" became popular, from an official's "official" to "xianggong's" phase ".

In the late 1930s or early 1940s, some intellectuals influenced by the New Culture Movement began to use the word "lover". After the founding of New China, equality between men and women was advocated, and discriminatory terms such as "indoors" and "cooking" were no longer used. But the use of "Mr", "Mrs" and "Miss" is bourgeois, so "lover" is widely used.

The origin of "husband": It turns out that some tribes in China have the custom of robbing marriage. When a woman chooses a husband, it mainly depends on whether the man is tall enough. On the whole, she is ten feet tall. At that time, ten feet was about seven feet (now one foot is about six inches) With this 10-foot-tall husband, we can resist the strong men from robbing the marriage. Therefore, a woman calls the man she marries "husband".

The origin of "wife": "wife" first appeared in the Book of Changes, but wife was not a general term for men's spouses in ancient times. At that time, "wife" was just the spouse of ordinary people and had no identity. Later, "wife" gradually became the general term for all men's spouses.

"Wife" has many nicknames. In ancient times, regardless of the size of the official position, wives were generally called "children". Dr. Qing's first wife was called "my wife", and his wife and concubines were generally called "my wife". A wife is also called a "wife", which means a person who helps her husband deal with the internal affairs of the family. "My wife" became a good wife.

In the past, I humbly called my wife "stupid" and "mean". However, the appellation of wives by senior officials reflects the hierarchy. For example, the wife of a vassal is called "Xiao Jun", and the wife of a vassal minister is called "Madam" after the Han Dynasty. Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties also sealed the mother or wife of senior officials.

China News Network-Husband Address

China News Network-"Official" Anecdote: A person who should be an official is also a woman's honorific title to her husband.

China Com- an interesting talk about the appellation of ancient couples. Husband and wife originated in the Tang Dynasty.