Brief introduction of Yuan Shikai, the supreme power minister in the late Qing Dynasty

Chinese name of the Republic of China: Yuan Shikai

Alias: Ziwei Pavilion, also known as Yuan Xiangcheng and Yuan Baogong.

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Xiangcheng, Henan Province

Date of birth:1September 859 16.

Date of death:1965438+June 6, 2006.

Occupation: politician, strategist

(lishixinzhi.com in history) Main achievements: establishing a new type of army, cultivating a large number of military talents, creating a domestic police system in China, setting up Spring Festival travel rush to force the Qing emperor to abdicate peacefully, establishing a railway under the supervision of the Republic of China, setting up factories, vigorously developing industry, abolishing the imperial examination system, popularizing free national schools, and safeguarding the territorial integrity of China.

Masterpiece: Complete Works of Yuan Shikai

Mausoleum: Anyang Lin Yuan

Yuan Shikai's life story

As a teenager, Yuan Shikai was born into a big family in Xiangcheng, Henan Province. His great-uncle, Yuan Jiasan, was the governor of grain transportation, participated in the suppression of Taiping Army and Nian Army, and was the pillar of this family. His biological father was Yuan Baozhong, a landlord and gentry in Xiangcheng County, who donated a position as a Tongzhi official. Yuan Shikai is the fourth son of Yuan Baozhong, and his biological mother is Yuan Baozhong's concubine Liu. 1September, 859 and1June (August 20, 2009, Xianfeng, Qing Dynasty) were born in Yu Daqing, Yuan Zhang Ying, north of Xiangcheng County, Chenzhou District, Henan Province. On the day Yuan Shikai was born, Yuan Jiasan just sent a book to.

Home, it is said that the battle with Nian Jun won. Yuan Baozhong, Yuan Shikai's father, was overjoyed, so he named the newborn baby "Kai" and named the baby "Shikai" according to the family ranking of "Baojia and Qi Wenshaowu". Yuan Shikai was raised by his aunt Niu (Yuan's wife), and he himself adopted Yuan as his heir in 1864. When Yuan Shikai was six years old, his adoptive father Yuan found an enlightenment teacher for him. Yuan Zhizhong taught him the four books and the five classics, and later traveled with Yuan to Jinan, Yangzhou and Nanjing. In Nanjing, Yuan Shikai studied martial arts with Qu Bo, "I like to visit mountains and rivers, resume riding and shooting, and visit places of interest such as Liang Qing, Mochou Lake and Taiping Lake by horse in my spare time". Yuan Shikai loved the art of war since he was a child and was determined to learn "Ten Thousand Enemies". I said to myself: "The three armed forces can't win the handsome position. If I can master 100 thousand elite soldiers, I can govern the country. " Often spend a lot of money to collect and buy various versions of the strategy, which is ridiculed as "Yuan Shudai". /kloc-at the age of 0/3, Yuan Shikai once jointly declared that "the big wild dragon thorn, the deer fat in the Central Plains". These figures fully reflect Yuan Shikai's ambition.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/873, Yuan died in Nanjing, Yuan Shikai was buried in his hometown and later lived in Huaiyang County, Chenzhou. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/874, I met Yuan Shikai from my uncle Yuan Baoheng (the son of Yuan Jiasan) and ordered him to go to Beijing to study "for progress". From thirteen years of Tongzhi to three years of Guangxu, I studied in Beijing for four years and made great progress. He himself said that in those years, in order to win a fame, he was so tired of studying that he vomited blood that he failed to get a place in the exam. This is the biggest regret in his life. Yuan Baoheng and Yuan are very strict with him. Yuan Shikai also knows how to motivate himself. He has strict teacher supervision and has made great progress in the past few years. But at the end of the year, Yuan wrote to Bao Heng, saying that Yuan Shikai could be established. Although "the article has not yet started", it has "actually become a China scholar". /kloc-in the autumn of 0/876, the Yuan Baoheng brothers ordered Yuan Shikai to return to Henan to take the imperial examination, but failed. After failing the list, Yuan Shikai married a woman named Yu in Shenqiu in June of the same year at the age of 17. I returned to Beijing in the early spring of the following year. When there was a severe drought in North China, Yuan Baoheng was ordered to take Yuan Shikai to Kaifeng for disaster relief. Yuan Shikai showed considerable ability, enthusiasm and outstanding performance in disaster relief. 1878, Yuan Baoheng died of plague, and Yuan Shikai returned to Xiangcheng and moved to Chen Zhou. At this time, Xu Shichang, who was giving lectures in Chen Zhou, made friends with Yuan Shikai, worshipped him as Jin Lan, and later became an important adviser to Yuan Shikai in his life. 1879, Yuan Shikai was awarded the title of "Zhonghua Book Company" with the donation of Yuan Baoheng. In the autumn of the same year, Yuan Shikai participated in the provincial examination again, but he still failed. In a rage, he burned his poem and said angrily, "A gentleman has to serve the battlefield and be busy with his family's affairs. Wu Can is dirty and trapped between pens and inkstones for a long time, which delays the time."

Yuan Shikai has lost his reputation twice in Sun Shan, but he didn't want to stay in China as a rich man, so he began to consider traveling abroad. At that time, Yuan Shikai wrote a poem "Feelings" to encourage himself: "Long Hudou can't stand it now, and his murderous look is soaring into the sky. I want to open my mouth to the sky and swallow Hu Tianjiao. " This poem is attributed to his great ambition when he was a teenager. Wu Changqing, the general of Huai Army at that time, and Yuan Baoqing, Yuan Shikai's adoptive father, forged a "brotherhood", so Yuan Shikai planned to go to Wu Changqing. In order to repay Yuan's kindness, he also wrote to Yuan Shikai at this time, "recruiting him to study in the army". Therefore, it was convenient for Yuan Shikai to go to Dengzhou, Shandong Province, and he went to Wu Changqing where he was stationed in June 188 10. Wu Changqing shogunate includes celebrities such as Zhang Jian and Zhou Jialu. Under their guidance, Yuan Shikai was honed and his dude gradually disappeared. He is "modest and restrained, learning from others" and is considered as a "creative person", so he was appointed as the deputy manager. Although Yuan Shikai was once tired of the imperial examination, he still didn't want to continue studying in Wu Changqing shogunate to prepare for fame. In March 1882, he wrote to his third brother, Yuan Shilian, saying, "My brother can't learn and die unsatisfied." 1882 (non-Chennian year) happened to be the year of having obtained the provincial entrance examination, and Yuan Shikai wanted to apply.