Who knows the story of Fan Li in history?

Li: In the twelfth year of King Chu Ping (5 17 BC), he was born in Wan (now Nanyang, Henan Province) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He was a famous politician, strategist and economist in his early days. I have a feudal tradition of more than 5,000 years, all of which are listed as "scholars, peasants, industry and commerce". Until the Song Dynasty, there were still businessmen who had to wear black and white shoes with bad rules. Therefore, although Fan Li had brilliant achievements in his life, he failed to go down in history with historical celebrities because of his experience of abandoning his official position and doing business. )

He comes from a poor family, but he is smart and wise. When he was young, he learned a lot, including astronomy in the world and geography in the world. He was proficient in everything and learned everything. However, despite his talent as a saint, Fan Li was unknown to the world. In Chu, this was a time of tyranny and political chaos.

In the 24th year of King Jing of Zhou (496 BC), a war broke out in wuyue (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang), and He Lv, the king of Wu, was killed. Therefore, the two countries became enemies and the war lasted for many years. In the 26th year of King Jing of Zhou (494 BC), Fu Cha, the son of He Lv, fought against Yue in Fujiao (now Dongting Mountain in Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province), and Gou Jian, the king of Yue, was defeated. When Gou Jian was at the end of the road, he went to Yue. "When people are waiting, they should endure their humiliation and take advantage of their defeat ..." "If they are full and don't overflow, they will be in the same boat, and God will bless them; The earth is omnipotent, and people have to save it, so that they can get the gift of the earth; If you help the crisis and be modest, you will be the same as others, and people can move. " He narrated to Gou Jian the assertion that "the stronger wuyue is, the more defeated it will be" and protested: "If you bow down and serve the king of Wu, you can turn the corner." . After becoming a doctor, he accompanied Gou Jian and his wife to be slaves in Wu for three years. "Be patient and determined, so be firm. Don't be sad after the monarch, I will encourage you together! "

After returning to China three years later, he worked out a plan for the rise and fall of Wu Jiushu with Wen Zi. He was the planner and organizer of "Ten Years of Reunion, Ten Years of Lessons" in Yue. In order to implement the strategy of destroying Wu, which is one of the nine "beauty tricks", I personally waded through mountains and rivers, and finally met the strange woman stone with both ability and political integrity in history, and wrote a legendary chapter in which Shi understands the righteousness deeply, is devoted to the king of Wu and prospers both at home and abroad. Fan Li worked for Gou Jian, the king of Yue, for more than twenty years, worked hard and died in the destruction of Wu, which made him a great general.

"The King of Wu died in Yuhang Mountain, and the King of Yue hosted a banquet in Gusutai." When the whole country celebrated, they quickly retreated and went boating with the division in anonymity.

Later, he moved to Qi, renamed Yan Yizi Pi, and led his son and disciples to live in a building by the sea. In a few years, we have accumulated tens of millions of properties by reclaiming wasteland, doing sideline business and doing business. He is generous in helping others save money, and he is friendly to his hometown. Fan Li's wisdom and ability were appreciated by the people of Qi, and the King of Qi invited him to Linzi, the capital of Qi, and worshipped him as the prime minister in charge of government affairs. He sighed with shame: "Being an official is for your prime minister, and you can get 1000 yuan for running a family;" For a homemade cloth, it has reached the extreme. Being admired for a long time is probably not a good omen. "So, after only three years, he retired again, returned the seal to the King of Qi, and gave all his money to his intimate friends and fellow villagers.

The third time he moved to Taotao (now the northwest of Dingtao, Shandong Province), he lived in the "world" (adjacent to Qi and Lu in the east; There are Qin and Zheng in the west; Bei, Yan; The south is connected with Chu and Yue. ), the best place to do business, Ji Ran (according to the season, climate, people's feelings, customs, etc. People abandon me and take it, let nature take its course and wait for it. ) A few years later, the business was booming, and he accumulated wealth and became a rich man, hence the name Tao Zhugong. The local people all respect Tao Zhugong as the God of Wealth, which is the originator of moral business in China-Confucian businessmen.

Historian Sima Qian said: "Fan Li has been honored to move three times." ; There is a saying in the history books that sums up his life: "keep pace with the times and don't complain about others"; The reputation of the world: "loyalty is the country; Wisdom protects the body; Get rich in business and become famous in the world. "

Fan Li's military purpose: if you are strong, you should guard against arrogance and be prepared; Weak is dark and strong, waiting for an opportunity to act; Make good use of soldiers to take advantage of the virtual gap and win by surprise. Be praised and used by future generations.

Fan Li's famous economic thought: "Persuade agriculture and mulberry, do business to accumulate grain", "run both agriculture and flour", "if business is unprofitable, it will be over", "if things are settled, there is no shortage of closing the city, and there is also a way to govern the country." "Summer is the capital, winter is the capital, drought is the capital of the ship, and water is the capital of the car." So far, it has positive practical significance for modern economic construction.

His works include Ji Ran; It is recorded in Guoyu Yuyue and Historical Records and Biography of Huo Zhi. There are two articles on Fan Li's Art of War in History of Han Dynasty, but both of them have been lost.

Chronology of fan Li's life

In 536 BC (six years of Lu Zhao and five years of King Chu Ling), Fan Li was born in Sanhuyi, Wandi, when Confucius was fifteen years old.

5 16 BC (twenty-five years in Lu, thirteen years in Chu Ping and eleven years in Wang Ping); Wan met her when she was only twenty years old.

BC 5 1 1 (thirty-one years in Lu, five years in King Zhao of Chu, four years in Wu and Lu); At the age of 25, Fan Li invited Wen Zhong to enter Vietnam.

In 494 BC (three years in Lu Aigong, twenty-two years in King Zhao of Chu and three years in Gou Jian of Yue); Gou Jian defeated the West in Huijishan, and only then did he reuse Fan Li and Wen Zi. Fan Li was 42 years old.

In 493 BC (two years in Lu Aigong, twenty-three years in King Zhao of Chu and four years in Gou Jian of Yue); When Fan Li was 43 years old, Gou Jian and Fan Li became slaves of Wu Wei.

490 BC (five years in Lu Aigong, twenty-six years in King Zhao of Chu, seven years in Gou Jian of Yue, and six years in Fu Cha of Wu); Gou Jianhe returned to Vietnam from Wu. Fan Li was 46 years old.

In 486 BC (nine years in Lu Aigong, three years in Chu Wanghui, eleven years in Gou Jian, and ten years in Five Blessingg); Gou Jian tried to attack Wu, but he was dissuaded. Fan Li is 50 years old.

In 484 BC (eleven years in Lu Aigong, five years in Chu Wanghui, thirteen years in Gou Jian, 12 years in Five Blessingg); The State of Wu once again replaced the State of Qi and occupied Aileen. The King of Yue and his subjects appeared before the King of Wu. Both of them were bribed, further paralyzing the Wu people, and Fu Cha killed Wu Zixu. Fan Li is 52 years old.

482 BC (thirteen years in Lu Aigong, seven years in King Hui of Chu, fifteen years in Gou Jian of Yue, fourteen years in Fu Cha of Wu); Wu, Jin Huangchi's meeting, the Vietnamese division took the opportunity to attack Wu, defeated it, and killed the king of Wu. Make peace with wuyue at the end of the year. Fan Li was 54 years old.

479 BC (Lu Aigong 16, King Hui of Chu 10, Gou Jian of Yue 18, Fu Cha of Wu 17); The more you attack Wu, the more you attack the five lakes. Fan Li was 57 years old.

In 478 BC (Lu Aigong 17, Chu Wanghui 1 1 year, Yue Gou Jian 19, Five Blessingg Cha 18); In March, the Vietnamese defeated Wu and Wu, and the two sides fought with Wu Songjiang, and the Vietnamese defeated Wu. Fan Li was 58 years old.

In 475 BC (20 years in Lu Aigong, Chu Wanghui 14 years, 22 years in Gou Jian, Five Blessingg, 2 1 year); In November, the strategy of encircling Wu without attacking led to the fall of Wu poetry. Fan Li is 6 1 year old.

In 473 BC (22 years in Lu Aigong, 16 years in Chu Wanghui, 24 years in Gou Jian, 23 years in Five Blessingg); At the end of the year, Wu destroyed and Fu Cha committed suicide. Fan Li is 63 years old.

In 468 BC (twenty-seven years in Lu Aigong, twenty-one years in King Hui of Chu and twenty-nine years in Gou Jian of Yue); The king of Yue dominated, and Fan Li went boating in five lakes at the age of 68.

In 465 BC, Gou Jian, King of Yue, died at the age of 7 1.

In 448 BC, Fan Li died at the age of 88.