Jungian Psychology: Personality Mask and Personality

Jungian Psychology: Personality Mask and Personality

Jungian psychology generally refers to analytical psychology. Analytical psychology is a kind of deep psychology which was born in the early 20th century to explore the original images of human mind. The following is Jungian psychology: personality mask and personality, I hope it will help everyone.

Jungian Psychology —— Personality Mask and Personality

CarlGustav Jung (1875- 196 1), a famous Swiss psychologist and psychoanalyst, is highly respected in the field of psychology and one of the founders of modern psychology. He is the author of Psychology of Unconscious Process, Psychological Types, Analytical Psychology and Interpretation of Dreams, and Memory, Dreams and Thinking.

Born on July 26th in Thurgau, Switzerland, 1875. Young jung is shy and sensitive, which often runs counter to his parents' beliefs and teachers' requirements. Compared with his classmates, he is special, fragile and vulnerable. 1902, Jung received a doctor's degree in medicine from the University of Zurich, and has been a lecturer in psychiatry since 1905. Later, he resigned and opened his own clinic. 19 1 1 was elected as the first president of the international psychoanalytic society. Later, due to his differences with Freud, he withdrew from the International Psychoanalytic Society and founded his own analytical psychology. In the 1920s, he traveled to Africa, Arizona, New Mexico and other places for many times, and began to study the nature and phenomena of racial subconsciousness, and extensively investigated ancient myths and sacrificial ceremonies. 196 1 death.

On the issue of personality structure, Jung proposed that personality should be divided into three levels, namely, consciousness, individual subconscious and collective subconscious. Jung devoted his life to exploring the mysteries of the human mind. His life writings are numerous, his thoughts are profound and profound, and his research runs through China and the West. The analytical psychology he founded not only became a unique school in psychotherapy, but also had a wide and profound influence on philosophy, psychology, cultural anthropology, literature, art, religion, ethics, education and many other fields. It is worth mentioning that Jung has always been interested in oriental culture and religion, and borrowed his own theory. Before his death, he wrote several articles about psychology and eastern religions. He dabbles in a wide range, including Tibetan Buddhism, Indian yoga, China Taoism and the Book of Changes, Japanese Zen and oriental meditation. He also cited China's alchemy theory and Buddhist Datura to treat mental illness.

Jung is a heresy in western orthodox psychology. Although Jung learned from Freud, he did get a lot of skills from Freud. Freud even said privately that "Jung was a genius". At the beginning, both of them had the throb of heroes cherishing heroes. Freud wrote to Jung and said, "If I were Moses, you would be Joshua, and you would have a paradise of psychiatry." The honeymoon period passed quickly. 19 12, Jung published The Change and Symbol of Libido, which led to the disagreement with Freud. The main difference is the explanation of libido. Freud thought libido was completely sexual potential, while Jung thought it was a universal vitality. It is manifested in growth, reproduction and other activities. Thus, Jung completely overthrew Freud's theory.

Jung once admitted that his psychological theory, besides "clinical psychological experience", came from other external channels and ways, which included all the knowledge of eastern religions. Jung's book Psychology and the East is his best annotation on Zen.

As early as 2,500 years ago, a stone tablet in front of the Sun Temple in Delphi, ancient Greece, was rusted with a line: "Man, know yourself." For thousands of years, thinkers standing at the top of the world's thoughts have repeatedly explored the mystery of "knowing people." However, understanding people is so difficult that understanding people is so poor. Rousseau once said: "I think the most useful and incomplete knowledge of human beings is the knowledge about' people'."

Jung was born in Switzerland. His thoughts also gradually grew and matured in this beautiful motherland, eventually nourishing the psychological and ideological circles in Europe. The general outline of Jung's theory development is from psychiatry through psychoanalysis to analytical psychology, from prototype theory to religious motivation psychology and the psychological mechanism of oriental philosophy. Jung was Freud's favorite student when he was young. Later, because of different views on the core issues of research, he parted ways with Freud's psychoanalysis school like Adler. But in the early days, Jung was deeply influenced by Freud's thought. In the long years of life, Jung finally created his own unique psychological understanding and practical methods, which naturally produced Jung's own psychological field, and his thoughts were very rich and fascinating.

Only a few souls in history have a peaceful mind to understand their own darkness. Jung, the master of analytical psychology, is one of these few. As the most controversial disciple of Freud, he introduced some problems that Freud neglected, such as myth, religion, philosophy and soul, into the analysis of schools of psychology. He is one of the important reformers and promoters in modern thought. Ignoring him ignores the whole thought closely related to modern society.

Personality Mask and Personality in Jungian Psychology

Jung's personality mask is the dividing point between the inner world and the outer world. The concept of personality mask raises the way of interpersonal communication to the theoretical level and becomes a tool of psychological analysis. Jung said: "The outermost mask of personality masks the true self, making personality an illusion and acting according to others' expectations, so it is not consistent with his true personality. People's reliable mask coordinates the relationship between people and society and determines what image a person appears in society ... Personality mask is the symbol of prototype. "We wear personality masks to show ourselves and our role in society. Personality mask is embodied by our body language, clothes and decorations. We use this to tell the outside world who I am and use a personality mask to express our idealized me. On the other hand, the role of personality mask is that it protects people's hypocrisy and cowardice, which comes from their own fear of unknown things or people, thus starting the psychological defense mechanism and making people unconsciously fall into a psychological state different from real human nature. Personality mask is also a strict inspection mechanism, which enables people's behavior to be completed after the inspection process. However, we need not regret this. The appearance of personality mask is reasonable and the product of society.

Carl jung's famous saying

1. The only purpose of human existence is to light a lamp in pure and comfortable darkness. Jung

2. The swing of thought is not the swing of right and wrong, but the swing of reason and irrationality. Jung

3. When love dominates everything, power does not exist; When power dominates everything, love disappears. The two are shadows of each other.

There is no one-size-fits-all life prescription. Jung

5, because of the ability to think, people can get out of the animal kingdom. Jung

6. Goethe did not create Faust, but Faust created Goethe. Jung

7. Those who have never experienced the purgatory of passion have never defeated passion. Jung

8. The final result of culture is personality. Jung

9. I+we = complete me, (I+we = complete me). Jung

10, extroverted and intuitive personality is suitable for many innovative things today. -jung (sharing)

The basic theory of Jungian psychology

Psychological causal theory

The viewpoint of causality permeates and permeates the scientific environment that Jung was exposed to as a scholar. Everything happens for a reason, that is to say, in psychotherapy, the doctor should find out the cause of the patient's current difficult disease from his past life. Freud insisted that childhood traumatic experiences should be given priority when leading to adult neurosis, which provided an example for the view of causality. Jung inherited and developed the causal theory of psychology, and further extended the causal theory to the collective unconscious to find the reasons for psychological phenomena.

Psychological teleology

Besides psychological causality, Jung also confirmed the validity of another scientific trend theory, which Jung called teleology or ultimate theory.

The application of teleology to psychology actually means that a person's current behavior is determined by his future. In understanding human behavior, we should consider past and future goals. In the sense of taking it as the goal, Jung's views on spiritual development are teleological views-for example, individualization, integration and self-improvement-and personality is developing in their direction.

Although intentionality is not always manifested in consciousness, it does exist in behavior. Even all kinds of dreams play a role in looking forward to the future: dreams are all kinds of images that develop future designs, just as they are often memory images.

Jung felt that in psychology, it is necessary to adopt two situations, one is the situation of causality and the other is the situation of teleology. Jung wrote, "On the one hand, it shows a picture of the remains and traces of everything that happened in the past. On the other hand, in the same picture, as far as the mind creates its own future, the outline of everything that will happen is also outlined. For many scientists, teleology was not and still is not an acceptable view.

However, as we have seen, Jung was not influenced by public opinion. No matter how little known an idea is, he is always willing to think about it and apply it to his work. Jung was a pragmatist. If an idea helps him understand his patients and is beneficial to the patients he treats, he will apply it. Jung pointed out that causality and teleology are, after all, scientists' artificial thinking modes, and their purpose is to sort out observed phenomena. In nature, people can't find traces of these thinking patterns.

Jung also pointed out another practical value of doctor-patient cooperation adopting teleological attitude: from the perspective of causality, the patient is a prisoner of his previous life, so the pure causal attitude is easy to cause the patient's inner submission and despair. Trauma has been formed, and it is difficult or even sometimes impossible to erase it. The teleological situation can give patients hope and provide them with goals to work in their direction.

Psychological synchronization principle

Jung put forward a principle in his later years, which is neither a causal principle nor a teleological principle. Jung called this principle the principle of synchronization. This principle applies to explain things that happen at the same time, but do not cause and effect each other. For example, an idea corresponds to an objective thing. Almost everyone has experienced such a coincidence. When one person is thinking of another person, that person will appear or receive a letter from that person. Or, a person dreams that a friend or relative is ill or dies, and later hears that the illness or death of that friend or relative happened at the same time in the dream.

Jung pointed out that a large number of documents about telepathy, paranormal vision and other types of supernatural phenomena are evidence that the synchronization principle needs to be cited in psychology. Jung believes that many such situations are so mysterious experiences when they happen that they cannot be explained by coincidence; On the contrary, these experiences show that there is another order in the universe besides the order described by causality theory. Jung applied the principle of synchronization to the concept of prototype, and proved that when the prototype is expressed in the form of matter in the external world, the prototype can also be expressed in the form of mind inside. Prototype is not the cause of two events, but the occurrence of one event is parallel to the occurrence of another.

Jung review

Psychologists, especially those who deal with patients, can easily become social critics. The reason is that social fallacies are clearly revealed, amplified and expanded in the lives of people who need and seek psychotherapy. As we have noticed before, Jung is an enthusiastic critic in modern society.

At some point, Jung also felt pessimistic. Once he is depressed, he will express his views with sharp irony. However, Jung's mood was not always so low. He works with a large number of patients, and he tries his best to save their lives from the bottom of the abyss. He made them understand that although an individual has an inner demon and its projection on the world, he can still obtain a tenacious and resolute spirit and correct judgment. Jung wrote, "The main purpose of psychotherapy is to push the patient to an impossible happiness, but to help him gain stability and philosophical tenacity in the face of suffering.

The story of psychologist jung

One day in early summer, a teenager was walking on his way to school when suddenly another teenager stepped forward and gave him a push. He fell and hit his head on a stone by the side of the road. In an instant, an idea flashed through his mind. "Now you don't have to go to school."

After lying on the ground for a long time, he stood up and went home. He didn't suffer any serious trauma, but he often fainted for a period of time after that. After fainting many times, he was allowed to go home and rest for six months.

The doctor couldn't find the cause of his illness, and his parents were almost desperate. And he himself is happy to escape from school. Once he overheard a conversation between his father and a friend: "What a pity that the child's illness is not cured. I have spent all my money, and he can't study any more. What can I do? "

The twelve-year-old boy was shocked by his father's words. He came to the conclusion that he must study. He picked up the book and tried to start studying, but he suddenly fainted. He persisted, and after a few minutes, his mood began to stabilize. After overcoming three syncope attacks, he felt that he had finally overcome syncope completely.

His efforts succeeded. A few weeks later, he returned to school, and he became more conscious of studying. Besides, his syncope never happened again.

This incident happened to Jung, one of the greatest psychologists in the 20th century. Later, he revealed that it was this experience that made him understand what psychological problems were for the first time.

;