The story of Mao Dunde

1, Mao Dun's father, Yongxi Shen, was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. He is proficient in Chinese medicine and an open-minded reformer. He attaches great importance to new knowledge. In addition to natural sciences such as sound, light, chemistry, electricity and mathematics, he also likes social science works that spread progressive ideas.

My mother, Chen Aizhu, is a visionary and strong-willed woman. Mao Dun 10 lost his father. As a child, he accepted the knowledge of literature, history and geography taught by his mother. Mao Dun said, "My first teacher is my mother."

Mao Dun's enlightenment education began earlier. I studied at home and in a private school before elementary school. At the age of 8, he entered Wuzhen Lizhi Primary School and transferred to Zhicai Senior Primary School, becoming the first class in the school. Here, he not only read textbooks on Chinese, self-cultivation and arithmetic, but also became interested in painting.

At that time, in the eyes of ordinary conservatives, novels and the like were called "light books" and children were not allowed to read them, but Mao Dun was allowed by informed parents. Journey to the West, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, etc. All the books he loved to read at that time. From Mao Dun's essays in primary school, we can see that he shows the thought of worrying about the country and the people, strengthening the body and eliminating evil.

In addition to Chinese and arithmetic, there are English, physics, chemistry, music, art and gymnastics taught by Zhicai Primary School, which makes him feel very fresh.

In chemistry class, Mr. Zhang Jichuan, who came back from studying in Japan, did all kinds of interesting chemistry experiments in class, which made Mao Dun and his classmates open their eyes. The seeds of science are bred in the hearts of young people, and his thoughts become active.

One day in Chinese class, Mr. Zhou, a middle school student, taught Mencius to misinterpret the phrase "abandoning armor and dragging troops" as "the defeated soldiers are eager to escape, throwing their armor and rubbing their shoulders, and fleeing hastily." He suddenly stood up and pointed to Mencius and asked, "Sir, the book says that soldiers are weapons, not soldiers."

When he said this, the students suddenly realized and echoed. "Is a soldier, not a weapon! What do you know, children? I have been a scholar. " The old man crustily skin of head and insisted on his story.

Seeing that the old gentleman refused to admit his mistake, Mao Dun went to ask the headmaster after class. President Xu is a good friend of his father. After listening, he thought for a moment and said to Mao Dun, "Maybe what Mr. Zhou said is the explanation of an ancient book?" Mao Dun thought: The headmaster probably thinks that Zhou Laoxiu can't lose face in front of the students, so he said so!

Mao Dun, who was young, always felt that it was most important to stick to the right thing.

When I was 9 years old, Mao Dun once went to my uncle's house for the summer vacation with his mother. Mao Dun's uncle is a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, and there are many old novels at home. Mao Dun found the Exposed Words of Wild Acid there, and it took only three and a half days to read it. This is a popular novel of the Qing Dynasty, 154 stories, about one million words. It once claimed to be "the first wonderful book in the world".

Mao Dun's uncle was surprised to know that he had finished reading No Cheating in a very short time. From then on, I was deeply impressed by him. This extensive and in-depth reading not only improved Mao Dun's literary accomplishment, but also cultivated his writing ability invisibly. In primary school, Mao Dun was among the best in all subjects, and he always won prizes in every exam.

Especially his composition is very famous. One year, Mao Dun had a childhood exam, and he took the big exam. The essay topic of the exam was "Towards a Rich Qiang Bing", and Mao Dun soon wrote an argumentative essay of more than 400 words. The last sentence of the article is "A gentleman takes the world as his own responsibility".

The teacher who presided over the exam was full of praise for Mao Dun's article. He added a secret circle to the last sentence and wrote the following comment: "A 12-year-old child can speak this language, indicating that there is no one in the motherland."

After entering middle school, Mao Dun studied China's classical literature more extensively under the guidance of famous teachers, and his composition level also advanced by leaps and bounds. When he was studying in Huzhou Middle School, he was lucky enough to meet Mr. Qian Nianshao. Mr. Qian has served as a diplomat in Japan, Russia, France, Italy, the Netherlands and other countries. He is familiar with world affairs and knows both Chinese and western cultures. He is a famous university scholar.

Once Mr. Qian asked Mao Dun to write a composition, and there was no problem. He asked the students to choose their own topics and write at will. Many students are at a loss about this composition. Mao Dun, on the other hand, drew lessons from the moral in Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour and wrote a 500-600-word article entitled "Aspiring in Swan". In the article, a big bird flies high in the air and laughs at the helpless hunter who looks up at the bottom.

This is a fable. Mao Dun expresses his youthful ambition by describing the image of a big bird. And the title of the article coincides with Mao Dun's name Dehong. So Mao Dun also took this opportunity to express himself. This article is ambitious, imaginative and vivid.

Mr. Qian Nianmai appreciated it and wrote such a comment: "He is a future writer." Mr. Qian's foresight was correct, and Mao Dun really became a famous writer in the future.

3. From1907 to 1909, Mao Dun attended Zhicai Middle School in Wuqin Town, located in Gong Bei, a city in the middle of Wuzhen (now Wuzhen Cinema plot). Mao Dun achieved excellent results in Chinese at school, ranking first in the whole school. Teacher Zhang Zhiqin (Zi Cen) once touched his back and said, "You will be a great writer in the future! Study hard! "

On one occasion, the test question for boys in Wuqin Town was "Towards a Rich Qiang Bing". Young Mao Dun wrote more than 400 words according to his parents' frequent comments on state affairs, and finally ended with "A gentleman takes the world as his own responsibility", which won the praise of the host Lu Xuepu and commented: "Twelve-year-old children can speak this language, so there is no one in the motherland."

During his study in Zhicai Primary School, Mao Dun wrote 37 compositions with about 16,000 words, which were included in two volumes of Kewen. In these two volumes of Kewen, Mao Dun's literary talent has begun to show its edge, and his thoughts of worrying about the country and the people have emerged. His diligence and teacher's persuasion made him stand out.

Teachers' comments are inspiring, and praises such as "reading history is rewarding" and "reading history with your eyes" are common. The sentence "A child can do it, and he strives to become a great musical instrument" is a great encouragement to young Mao Dun. The teacher's motivation is undoubtedly his motivation to realize his dream.

4. From1904 to 1906, Mao Dun studied in Lizhi Primary School. The school site is next to Mao Dun Mansion (the former site of Lizhi Academy). On both sides of the gate, there is a pair of big-character couplets: "Where there is a will, there is a way", and the word "If there is a will, there is a way" is embedded. This couplet had a subtle influence on young Mao Dun, and the school motto "Where there is a will, there is a way" made him have a beautiful dream since he was a child.

At that time, the principal of Lizhi Primary School was Mao Dun's uncle Lv Xuepu. The teacher who teaches Chinese, culture and history is Shen, a good friend of Mao Dun's father. The Chinese textbook adopts "fast function word method" and "introduction to theory" (a short essay or the historical theory of The Way to Wealth), the self-cultivation textbook is The Analects of Confucius, and the history textbook is edited by Shen.

Shen asked his students to write a composition every week. The topic is often "the combination of Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi". The school has exams every month, a Chinese class and an article (often about history). Young Mao Dun always comes first.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/905, Mao Dun's father died of illness. After my father died, my mother wrote a pair of regular script couplets on both sides of the portrait of my father in the mourning hall: "When I was a child, I recited Confucius and Mencius' words, but I learned to turn electricity into sound and light into light. I'm worried about my country and my family. I'm sick. Why didn't I show my talents and die unsatisfied? "A lover, that is, a mentor, encouraged each other for ten years, smashed Spring Red, and never redeemed himself. From now on, he vowed to abide by his last words and discipline the twins. "

Mother took this opportunity to ask Mao Dun to "take his eldest brother as his father" and become a role model for his younger brother.

5. Mao Dun's father, Yongxi Shen, was a scholar at the age of sixteen. He tends to be a reformist and loves natural science. He taught himself advanced algebra and calculus. My mother Chen Aizhu is the daughter of a famous doctor in Wuzhen. She is good at managing the family and has a profound literary accomplishment. When he was a child, Mao Dun was influenced by enlightened family education and literature.

According to Mao Dun's The Road I Walked, his father talked about state affairs every day when he knew that he was terminally ill and could not be cured. He often talked about how Japan became a powerful country because of the Meiji Restoration, and often encouraged Mao Dun to "take the world as his own responsibility" and repeatedly explained the meaning of this sentence. Mao Dun's mother asked him to be an ambitious man.

Before entering primary school, Mao Dun's father chose Knowledge of Chinese Characters, Astronomical Songs and Geographical Songs as teaching materials, and also compiled a series of classical Chinese songs as history readers according to History Class for his mother to teach personally. Whenever his mother tells historical stories or China's classical novels, Mao Dun listens with relish.

These early edifications played an important role in the formation of Mao Dun's thinking in images. Mao Dun's mother's thought of being enlightened, understanding and caring about state affairs also deeply infiltrated Mao Dun's young mind. So Mao Dun once recalled: "My first teacher was my mother."