1937 after the fall of Nanjing, why did the national government move its capital to Chongqing, Sichuan, in the southwest, instead of Guiyang, Guizhou?

Let me correct you first. At that time, after the fall of Nanjing, the main capital institutions moved to Wuhan, Changsha and Chongqing, and then moved to Chongqing step by step.

Chongqing has a certain industrial base, and it is close to the Yangtze River. At that time, the industrial infrastructure in Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan was basically based on water transportation. Because the domestic roads were underdeveloped at that time, it is still very difficult to transport large heavy objects and cross the Qinling Mountains now. Chongqing is the gateway of Bashu, with convenient transportation. Guizhou has no industrial base, the city is not in a traffic fortress, and Kunming is too backward. So moving the capital to Chongqing is the best choice.