The Way of Goodwill Answer in Classical Chinese

1. Reading in Classical Chinese (5 questions, *** 18 points) Qi Huan's literary works (excerpt) Mencius Qi Xuanwang's essay 1:B essay 2:A essay 3:C essay 4:C essay 5:( 1) People say I should be stingy.

(2) People are unloved because they don't want to be generous. Question 1: Wang: Verb, unifying the world Question 2: Both "er" are conjunctions, indicating a turning point.

B. Adverb, indicating judgment, yes/adverb, indicating turning point, unexpected. C. preposition, use/conjunction, express purpose, come.

D. Pronouns, their/adverbs, indicate speculative mood, probably. Question 3: The other three "zhi" are pronouns. Question 4: Mencius did not say that "others have a heart, so think about it".

"What the master said is also true" should be understood as: (this sentence) means that you (such a person) make a small question 5:( 1) Appropriate: should, should, 1 minute; Love: stingy, 1 min; Subject-predicate inversion sentence type 1 min (2) See: passive, 1 min; For: because,1; 1 min. Qi Xuanwang asked, "Can you tell me something about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong?" Mencius replied: "None of Confucius' disciples talked about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong, so it never spread in later generations. I have never heard of it.

If you can't, let's talk about kingliness. "Qi Xuanwang asked," what kind of character do you need to be a king? Mencius replied, "No one can stop the king by appeasing the people. "

Qi Xuanwang asked again: "Can a person like me appease the people?" Mencius said, "Yes." Qi Xuanwang asked again, "How do you know I can?" Mencius replied, "I heard your recent minister Hu Bi say that once you were sitting in the hall and someone was leading a cow across the hall, you asked,' Where is Penny going?' He replied, "Turn off the clock.

You said,' Let it go! I couldn't bear to watch it tremble, but I executed it without guilt. "The man asked,' Why don't we abolish the bell ringing ceremony?' You said,' How can it be abolished? Trade sheep for cattle.

I wonder if there is such a thing. "Qi Xuanwang said," that's true. Mencius said: "Such kindness is enough to practice kingly way.

People think you are stingy, I know you are embarrassed! Qi Xuanwang said, "There are people who misunderstand me. Although I am not angry, how can I part with a cow? It's because I can't bear to watch it tremble with fear, but I have to send it to death.

So we said we would exchange sheep for cattle. Mencius said, "Don't be surprised that others think you are stingy.

How do they know your intention when you change the small one into the big one? Poor animals die without fault. What's the difference between using cattle and using sheep? "Qi Xuanwang laughed what is this whole psychology? I am not stingy to replace it with a sheep (cow). People say I should be stingy. Mencius said, "It doesn't matter, this is benevolence, because you only see cows, not sheep. "

A caring person can't bear to watch animals die when he sees them alive; I can't bear to eat their meat when I hear their cries. Therefore, kind people always stay away from the kitchen. "

Qi Xuanwang said happily, "The poem says,' If someone else has an idea, I can guess it.' This is you.

I did it myself, and I turned my head to explore the purpose and significance of doing it, but I couldn't get it. After hearing what you said, I feel a little moved again.

Why can this kind of heart be in tune with Wang Dao's benevolent government? Mencius said, "Someone said to you,' I can lift three thousand pounds, but not one feather; In autumn, my eyesight can see both ends of newly changed animal hair clearly, but I can't see a big cart of firewood clearly. "Do you agree (with this statement)?" Qi Xuanwang said, "No, it won't.

(Mencius immediately went up and said:) "Now, Your Majesty, you are kind and make the animals feel grateful, but the people get nothing. What is the reason? " In this way, a feather can't be picked up because it doesn't want to use force; I can't see a load of firewood because I don't want to use my eyes; People are not loved because they don't want to be generous. Therefore, your majesty, if you can't be king, you won't do it, not that you can't do it. "

2. The way of Gu Yiren has a son: a student of Confucius has a famous surname.

(2) Brother (t √): I am of the same clan as Xun and respect my brother. Filial piety and younger brother are two basic moral norms specially advocated by Confucius and Confucianism. The old note says: parents are filial when they do good, and brothers are brothers when they do good.

(3) Fresh: less.

(4) Nothing: This is the inverted sentence type of "Nothing".

Good: I like it.

Ben: At all.

(10) Li: Establish.

(1 1) and: same as "one", interrogative modal particles.

A son said, "He is filial to his parents and loves his younger brother, but he likes to offend his superiors. This kind of person is rare; " I don't like to offend my superiors, but I like people who are rebellious. It has never been like this. The gentleman is committed to the basic work, and when the foundation is established, the' Tao' appears. Filial piety to parents, love to brothers,

Honor your parents and love your younger brother, don't offend your superiors and don't rebel. Everything is based on the principle of benevolence. Its foundation is "to honor parents and love brothers". Only when you are committed to the root and the essence is good can you be benevolent.

3. The answer to Wei Linggong's and Yi's reading of classical Chinese is easy to be the general outline for emperors in history to listen to ministers' suggestions on governing the country, which is conducive to the long-term stability of the country; At the same time, timely exhort the monarch's words and deeds, so that the monarch can correct himself and win the hearts of the people. It is also an act of a benevolent monarch to listen to the advice of a wise minister. One winter, Wei Linggong, the monarch of Lu, ordered the mobilization of migrant workers to dig a big pond in the palace. It's very cold. People work very hard, but they dare not say it. Wan Chun, the minister, advised Wei Linggong: "It's so cold, it's really cold. I'm afraid it will hurt people. " Wei Linggong said disapprovingly, "I don't feel very cold." Wan Chun said, "Princess, you are wearing a fur coat and sitting on a bearskin mat. There is a stove in your room. Of course, you won't feel cold. Now people's clothes are worn out, and it's too late to mend shoes. You don't feel cold, but the people feel very cold! " Wei Linggong nodded approvingly: "Yes, I immediately ordered the shutdown." He immediately ordered to stop the pond restoration project. After Wan Chun excused himself, the attendants advised, "The monarch ordered migrant workers to dig ponds. If the people know that the project was stopped because Wan Chun advised Wang, they will be grateful to Wan Chun and resent you. I'm afraid this will be bad for the monarch! " Hearing this, Wei Linggong smiled faintly and said, "You worry too much. How come... Wan Chun is just a civilian in Lu, but I hired him, and the people know little about him. Now I want to let the people know him through this matter. And Wan Chun's kindness is just like mine. Isn't Wan Chun's goodness mine? " Can coach, Wei Linggong, at the beginning of the story, Wei Linggong's performance is to give orders, regardless of the feelings of the people, which is why he has been in a high position for a long time and is easily divorced from the working people ideologically. When a saint reminded him to "care about others" and put himself in others' shoes to consider right and wrong, he suddenly realized, immediately took action, ordered to stop work, and understood the sufferings of the people. Wei Linggong was also a benevolent monarch who corrected his mistakes in time. However, Wei Linggong did not covet the advantages of others, and he insisted that everyone know that all the virtuous ministers he chose had the virtue of loving the people. A wise monarch, with the help of sages, is a blessing to people all over the world. Confucius said; Your courtiers are courteous, and your courtiers are loyal. Wei Linggong listened to Wan Chun's outspoken advice, considered and adopted it, and announced the virtues of his courtiers to the world, which is in line with your courtesy. So it is inevitable that my courtiers will be loyal to him. If you are a monarch, you can always be kind and generous, which is the virtue of a saint and the blessing of all people in the world.

4. "Cat" reading answer 1. My family doesn't like this third cat very much. What aspects does the author describe? Please outline the answer and give an example? A wrote about the ugliness of a cat from its appearance. Its coat color is gray, but it's ugly and thin. A few hairs have been burned, which is even more ugly. B wrote that cats are naturally depressed, do not like activities, and do not catch mice. C from my attitude. It's still an animal in my family. 2. Draw a line in the article. So I'll look for it right away. I think it must be eating the poor bird's back. The word "must" appeared three times. Please talk about its meaning and expression in the context. The meaning of "must" in talking about it appears three times in the context, which shows that I am sure that the cat killed and ate a leg of the hibiscus bird, because I once saw that "the white cat seems to pay special attention to the yellow birds." Keep an eye on the birdcage. B Expression function Here, I use repeated rhetorical methods to highlight my feelings of extreme anger and hatred for this cat, highlighting my impression that it is personal and subjective. 3. What kind of thoughts and feelings does the last sentence of the article "From now on, my family will never keep a cat again" contain? What do you think is the relationship between animals and people? How do we treat small animals? The phrase "From now on, my family will never keep a cat again" contains the author's thoughts and feelings. It contains the author's eternal guilt for this innocent little life. Because I can't correct my mistakes, seeing a cat will cause soul pain, so my family will never have a cat. What do you think of the relationship between animals and people? Animals and people are creatures of the earth and should be close friends. Humans treat animals well and treat themselves well. If humans can't live in harmony with animals, they will hurt animals at will and bring about their own destruction. As far as the countryside is concerned, if all cats are killed, rats will be overrun. How do we treat small animals? Be kind to small creatures, be kind to them, and avoid being subjective and arbitrary, or you will make irreparable mistakes.

5. Read classical Chinese and answer small questions. She was born at the age of four, and she has a small question 1:D, small question 2:B, small question 3:B, small question 4:( 1), the family is poor, so she needs to support me, educate me and let me grow up.

(2) It is not necessary to be generous to support parents, but the most important thing is filial piety; Although the benefits cannot be applied to everyone. Focus on kindness.

Comments: This type of question is the most common one in the function word test, and it is also relatively simple, as long as you can understand every sentence and distinguish the meaning and usage of these commonly used function words. Question 3: Analysis of test questions: We all know our father's character through mother's words, which belongs to profile description.

Comments: This type of question is an examination of the overall reading ability of classical Chinese, covering a wide range, requiring candidates to grasp the meaning of the article as a whole, which is a high-level requirement for the reading ability of classical Chinese. The options given in the title are subtle and specious, and you may make mistakes if you are not careful.

The key to doing the problem is to strictly compare the original text and carefully distinguish right from wrong. Question 4: Analysis of test questions: (1) When translating this sentence, "living" means family, "food and clothing" means life, "taking" and "coming" each mean one point, and the meaning of the sentence is complete.

(2) In this sentence, "nurturing" means taking care of parents, and "bo" means giving everywhere. Comments: Translating classical Chinese sentences is a necessary question for reading classical Chinese.

We require literal translation as the mainstay, supplemented by free translation, and every word must be implemented. When translating sentences, we should pay attention to finding the correct score point. Common words, flexible use of parts of speech, special sentence patterns, and different meanings in ancient and modern times are all easy to be designated as scoring points.

It's a pity that my father died when I was four years old. My mother swore on Women's Day that she would never marry again and live in poverty. She solved the problem of food and clothing by herself, while teaching me to support me and let me grow up. My mother said to me, "Your father is an honest official, charitable and likes to make friends.

Although his salary is not much, he often has no surplus, saying, "Don't be a burden to me because of too much money". So when he died, he left no house or land for his family to live on.

Why can you persist? I still know something about your father's thoughts. He expects something from you. "Since I got married and became a Ouyang family, I haven't chased my mother-in-law, but I know your father will support her.

You were young when your father died. I don't know what you will do in the future, but I know your father will have a successor. When I first got married, it happened that your father had lost his mother for three years and one year. He has to offer sacrifices every year, and he must say with tears,' No matter how rich the sacrifice is after death, it is better to give a meager support before death.

Sometimes, when I eat food and wine, I cry and say,' It wasn't enough before, but now it's too late to make up!' I saw this situation once or twice at first, thinking that it was just after the mourning period and I was still in mourning. I saw him soon and stayed like this until he died.

Although I didn't catch up with my mother-in-law, I know from this incident that your father will support her well. "Your father is an official. He used to light a lamp at night to handle cases ... He looked back at the nurse standing next to you holding you, pointed at you and sighed and said,' The fortune teller said my life would end in Qi. If what he said is true, I won't have time to watch my son grow up and achieve something. I should tell him what I said later.

He usually educates other younger generations and often uses these words. I can hear you clearly, so I can elaborate.

I don't know how he does things outside; But at home, there is no hypocrisy. That's what he did. This is all from the heart! Alas! His heart is very concerned about benevolence! That's why I know your father will have a successor in the future. You should encourage yourself! It is not necessary to be generous to support the elders, but the most important thing is filial piety; Although the benefits cannot be spread all over the world, the most important thing is to have a kind heart.

I can't teach you. This is your father's wish. "I cried and wrote these down, afraid to forget.

6. Reading in Classical Chinese (5 questions, *** 18) The story of Qi Huan's bronze inscription (excerpt) "Mencius" Qi Xuanwang asked the answer to a small question 1B, a small question 2A, a small question 3C, a small question 4C and a small question 5( 1).

(2) People are unloved because they don't want to be generous. Wang: Verb, the problem of unifying the world 2 "He" is a conjunction, indicating a turning point.

B. Adverb, indicating judgment, yes/adverb, indicating turning point, unexpected.

C. Preposition, use/conjunction, express purpose, and come.

D. Pronouns, their/adverbs, indicate speculative mood, probably.

The other three words "zhi" in question 3 are pronouns. Mencius didn't say the phrase "others have a heart, think for yourself". "What the master said is also true" should be understood as: (this sentence) means that you (such a person) have a small problem 5( 1) Appropriate: should, should, 1 minute; Love: stingy, 1 min; Subject-predicate inversion sentence type 1 min (2) See: passive, 1 min; For: because,1; 1 min.

Qi Xuanwang asked, "Can you tell me something about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong?" Mencius replied: "None of Confucius' disciples talked about the hegemony of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong, so it never spread in later generations. I have never heard of it. If there is really no way, let's talk about king. "

Qi Xuanwang asked: "What kind of moral character is there in practicing Wang Neng?" Mencius replied: "appease the people, and no one can stop the king." Qi Xuanwang asked again: "Can a person like me appease the people?" Mencius said, "Yes."

Qi Xuanwang asked again, "How do you know I can?" Mencius replied, "I heard your recent minister Hu Bi say that once you were sitting in the hall and someone was leading a cow across the hall, you asked,' Where is Penny going?' He replied, "Turn off the clock." You said,' Let it go! I couldn't bear to watch it tremble, but I executed it without guilt.

The man asked, "Why don't we abolish the bell ringing ceremony?" You said,' How can it be abolished? Let's exchange sheep for cattle. I wonder if there is such a thing. "Qi Xuanwang said," that's true.

Mencius said: "Such kindness is enough to practice kingly way. People think you are stingy, I know you can't stand it! " Qi Xuanwang said: "There are such people (they misunderstood me).

Although I am not angry, how can I part with a cow? It's because I can't bear to watch it tremble with fear, but I have to send it to death. So we said we would exchange sheep for cattle. "

Mencius said, "Don't be surprised that others think you are stingy. How do they know your intention when you change the small one into the big one? Poor animals die without fault. What's the difference between using cows and using sheep? " Qi Xuanwang smiled and said, "What kind of psychology is this? I am not stingy to replace it with a sheep (cow). People say I should be stingy.

Mencius said, "Never mind, this is the way of benevolence, because you can only see the cow but not the sheep." . A caring person can't bear to watch animals die when he sees them alive; I can't bear to eat their meat when I hear their cries.

Therefore, kind people always stay away from the kitchen. Qi Xuanwang said happily, "The poem says,' I can guess if others have ideas.

This is you. I did it myself, and I turned my head to explore the purpose and significance of doing it, but I couldn't get it.

After hearing what you said, I feel a little moved again. Why can this kind of heart be in tune with Wang Dao's benevolent government? Mencius said, "Someone said to you,' I can lift three thousand pounds, but not one feather; In autumn, my eyesight can see both ends of newly changed animal hair clearly, but I can't see a big cart of firewood clearly.

Do you agree (with this statement)? "Qi Xuanwang said," no, it won't. (Mencius immediately went up and said:) "Now, Your Majesty, you are kind and make the animals feel grateful, but the people get nothing. What is the reason? " In this way, a feather can't be picked up because it doesn't want to use force; I can't see a load of firewood because I don't want to use my eyes; People are not loved because they don't want to be generous.

Therefore, your majesty, if you can't be king, you won't do it, not that you can't do it. "。

7. What is the reading answer of the classical Chinese book "The Way to Know"? Who is a saint? An Neng knows everything. I only know one, I'm afraid there is more than one, and I need to learn again; Only know one thing, because people know it twice before they say it; If you only know one thing, people will say another, and unbelievers will come second; If you only know one thing and the wicked say two things, it will be a shame.

People are not sages, how can they know everything? Knowing only one of them, I'm afraid it's not just this one, but also trying to find other contents, so I'm the smartest person to learn; I only know one thing, because listening to others has another meaning, that is, poor knowledge seekers; I only know one thing, but I can't believe what the cheering people say has another meaning. This is a poor knowledge seeker. Knowing only one thing, I hate being told that there is another meaning, and I am the worst seeker of knowledge.

8. Classical Chinese is easy for sheep and cows to see the answer.

China's classical prose

Qi Xuanwang asked, "Have you ever heard of Qi Huan and Jin Wen?"

Mencius said to him, "The followers of Zhong Ni who have nothing to do with Taoism and literature will never be handed down in the future. I haven't heard of it. If there is no way, what is the king? " He said, "What kind of virtue can make you king?"

He said: "Protecting the people is king, and you can't defend yourself."

He said, "If I am a person, how can I protect the people?"

Say, "Yes." Yue: "How do you know I can do it?"

He said: "I heard from Hu Weiqi that the king of Qi was sitting in the hall. When he saw him passing under the hall with a cow, he said,' What is a cow?' Yes: "This will be a clock." The king said,' Give it up! I can't bear to be swaddled. If I am innocent, I will die. "Yes:' But why use a clock? Yue:' What can be abolished? Trade sheep for them! Know nothing? "

Say, "Yes."

He said: "The heart is king. The people all love the king, and I know the king can't stand it. "

The king said, "Of course. There are sincere people. Although Qi is young, why do I love a cow? Just can't bear to be swaddled. If I am innocent, I will die, so I want to change sheep. "

He said: "The king and the people love him no different. Small is easy to be big, and evil is known? If Wang hides his innocence and dies, what about cattle and sheep? " Wang smiled and said, "Why are you sincere? I must love its wealth. It is easy to use sheep, and it is appropriate for people to call me love. "

He said, "This is harmless, but it is a kind of technology. I can't see the sheep when I see the cow. A gentleman is to an animal, seeing its life, and can't bear to see its death; I can't bear to eat its meat when I hear its voice. Far cooking is also a gentleman. "

translate

Mencius replied, "Confucius' disciples didn't talk about Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong, so they didn't pass down from generation to generation, so I haven't heard of them. If you insist on what I said, can you tell me the truth of unifying the world with benevolence? " '

King Xuan asked, "How does Benevolence unify the world?"

Mencius replied, "No one can stop him from comforting the people and ruling the world." King Xuan asked, "Can a monarch like me care about the people?"

Mencius said, "Yes."

King Xuan asked, "Where did you know I could?"

Mencius said: "I heard such a thing from Hu Bi: (once) Your Majesty was sitting in the main hall, and a man was passing by with a cow. Your majesty saw it and asked,' where are you taking the cow?' (The man) replied,' Use it to sacrifice the clock.' The king said,' Let it be! I can't bear to watch it tremble in fear and be dragged to death without guilt. "(The man) asked,' So no bells?' The king said,' How can you not? Replace it with a sheep! I wonder if this is the case. King Xuan said, "That's true."

Mencius said: "such a heart is enough to unify the whole country!" People think that the king is stingy. I knew the king couldn't stand it. " Xuanwang said, "Well, there are indeed people who talk like this. Although Qi is small, how can he spare a cow? It was because I couldn't bear to watch it tremble in fear and was dragged away to kill it, so I changed it into a sheep. "

Mencius said, "Your Majesty, don't blame the people for thinking that you are stingy. How can they understand what you did when you replaced Daniel with Lamb? Your Majesty, if poor animals are killed innocently, what's the difference between cattle and sheep? Wang Xuan smiled and said, "What kind of psychology is this? I'm not stingy with money. I trade sheep for cattle. No wonder people say I'm stingy. "

Mencius said: "It doesn't matter, this is the expression of benevolence, because you only see cows, but not sheep." A gentleman can't bear to watch animals die alive; I can't bear to eat their meat when I hear them whine and moan. Because of this, a gentleman should put the kitchen away from himself. "

Moral:

"Changing sheep into cattle" mainly means that Mencius is good at using the situation and persuasive argument skills. In the first paragraph, after directly putting forward the viewpoint of "protecting the people as king", through the analysis of "changing sheep into cattle", it shows that Qi Xuanwang has the heart to carry out benevolent policies. In the whole process of argumentation, Mencius was good at guiding the situation according to the other person's psychology, and always grasped the initiative of dialogue, sometimes by innuendo, and sometimes by cutting to the chase.