Reflections on the Understanding of Lu Xun's Poem "Self-mockery"

What do you want to send, canopy? You dare not turn over, you have already met.

A broken hat covered the face of the bustling city, and a leaky boat was carrying wine.

Bow your head a thousand fingers, bow your head and be a willing ox.

Hide in the small building into a unified ⑤, regardless of winter Xia Chunqiu ⑤.

Precautions:

(1) The Diary of Lu Xun 1932 10 June 12: "In the afternoon, Liu Yazi wrote a banner saying:

"What canopy do you want to send?" . Duff's meal, idle people pumping oil and stealing half a couplet, is miserable and will always be a pleasure. "Press,10.5, Yu Dafu hosted a banquet in Jufeng Garden to entertain his younger brother Yu Hua, and invited Mr. Lu Xun to accompany him. Idle people, (preface to three idle episodes) said: "I will print the materials collected when compiling a brief history of Chinese novels into notes on old stories to preserve the power of young people to censor, and Cheng refers to idle people in the name of the proletariat." And three people's "leisure" ... ",so I named my prose collection" Three Leisure Collections "and called myself" Idle People ". Oil painting is my humble name, a doggerel. There are three ways to steal half couplet: First, Comrade Guo Moruo thinks that borrowing Qian Ji's "full-fed sweet cow" is not half couplet but half sentence, see Note 4. Second, borrow the poem "An old hat covers a busy city" written by Yao Wan, a poet from Nanshe. Third, Comrade Xiong Rong offered Lu Xun a dinner party that day. Yu Dafu joked, "Have you worked hard these days?" Lu Xun answered him with a pair of "cross-browed" couplets he thought of the day before. Damien duff quipped:

"It seems that your Gai Huayun or Han took off?" Lu Xun said, "Well, to tell you this, I got half a couplet and I can compose a small poem." The so-called stealing half couplet refers to the first sentence ("another explanation of stealing half couplet",

People's Daily1February 22, 962). Press, say it's a half sentence rather than a half couplet; Second, this poem can't be found in Nanshe Poetry Collection; The three statements are relatively consistent. In the poems contained in the diary, "broken" is called "old".

"Leak" means "break". Later, when Lu Xun wrote a fan for Yong Cheng in the Japanese Isaiah skirt, he also made a "look" at the "right" in this poem.

②

Gai Hua: Lu Xun's Ji Ming of Gai Hua: "I have never learned fortune telling in my life, but I heard from the old man that people sometimes have to pay Gai Hua Yun.". ..... This kind of luck is good luck for monks: there is a canopy at the top, which is naturally a symbol of becoming a Buddha and creating ancestors. But laity can't. The canopy is on the floor and will be covered, so we have to hit a nail. " Gai Hua covered her head with clouds like flowers. "Notes on Ancient and Modern Times": "Gai Hua, what the Yellow Emperor did; In the field of Zhuolu, there are often five-color clouds, golden branches and jade leaves, which end in the emperor and have the image of flowers, so it is also a canopy. " This refers to the car cover made by the Yellow Emperor in imitation of clouds and gas.

(3) Missing sentence: Woods Bingzhi; "If you are on a leaky boat," Bi Zhuo said in Biography of the Book of Jin Bi Zhuo, "If you drink hundreds of boats, ... you will spend your life on a floating boat."

④

Ruzi Niu: Comrade Guo Moruo mentioned in "The qualitative change of Ruzi Niu", a famous article quoted by Hong in Volume I of Beijiang Poetry: "The wine is full or the village butterfly is full, and the rice is full." It is pointed out that "but this allusion, once in the hands of Lu Xun, has completely changed its quality." Here, it is really decadent and magical. "(People's Daily 1962 65438+ 10/6)" Zuo Zhuan mourns for six years ":"The steamed stuffed bun said,' Have you forgotten that you are a sweet cow and have a broken tooth?' "Qi Jinggong loves his children, pretending to be a cow with a rope in his mouth and letting them ride. The child fell and pulled out his tooth.

⑤ Unification: That is to say, I hide in a small building and have a unified world.

Never mind winter Xia Chunqiu: No matter how the climate outside changes. Lu Xun is often oppressed by white terror, so he is compared to making friends with China.

The metaphor is "I dare not turn it over, I have already met it." In order to avoid the pursuit and persecution of reactionaries, they covered their faces with broken hats when crossing the downtown area. In this way, the situation is still very dangerous, just like a leaking ship carrying wine floating in the current, and it will sink if it is not careful. In such a dangerous environment, Lu Xun adopted a firm and uncompromising fighting attitude. Chairman Mao's Speech at the Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art said: "Two poems by Mr. Lu Xun,' Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow your head and be a willing ox', should be our motto. The "thousand commandments" here refer to the enemy, and we will never give in to any vicious enemy. The obedient sons here are the proletariat and the masses. All * * * party member, all revolutionaries and all revolutionary literary and art workers should follow the example of Lu Xun and be the' cows' of the proletariat and the people, and do their best until they die. " Chairman Mao spoke highly of this spirit. Being persecuted by reactionaries, Lu Xun often hides, so "hiding in a small building" is realistic, but it is not limited to realism. At that time, the reactionaries lost a large area of land in the northeast. 1932 During the December 8th Incident, the National Government avoided the enemy.

He threatened to move the capital to Luoyang and didn't move back to Nanjing until June 65438+February this year. When the author wrote this poem, he didn't move back, so he satirized that it only knew how to avoid it, no matter how endangered the motherland was.