Chapter IX Arithmetic was written in which dynasty? Chapter IX Arithmetic was written in which dynasty?

2. Nine Chapters of Arithmetic is a mathematical monograph in ancient China, and it is the most important one in Ten Arithmetic Classics (ten ancient arithmetic books that appeared between Han and Tang Dynasties). Liu Hui commented on "Nine Chapters Arithmetic" in Wei and Jin Dynasties, saying: "The Duke of Zhou made a ceremony, and there were nine numbers, while nine chapters were a ceremony." He also said, "Zhang Cang, Hou Peiping in Han Dynasty, and Geng Shouchang, a senior farmer, all made good use of fortune telling. Because of the remnants of old texts, Cang and others each called it deletion and supplement, so the purpose of the school is different from ancient times or today, and the theory is closer. " According to textual research, Zhang Cang and Geng Shouchang in the Western Han Dynasty have made supplements. The final edition was written at the latest in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but its basic content was basically finalized in the late years of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

3. Nine Chapters Arithmetic is the first mathematical monograph written by scholars in Han Dynasty in ancient China, and it is the most important of the ten computational classics. The book is very rich in content and systematically summarizes the mathematical achievements in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties. At the same time, Nine Chapters Arithmetic has its unique achievements in mathematics. It not only mentioned the problem of score at the earliest, but also recorded the problem of surplus and deficiency at the earliest. The chapter "Equation" also expounds the negative number and its addition and subtraction algorithm for the first time in the history of world mathematics. It should be noted that "Nine Chapters Arithmetic" has no author. It is a comprehensive historical work and the most advanced applied mathematics in the world at that time. Its appearance marks the formation of a complete system of ancient mathematics in China.