Where is the Humble Administrator's Garden?

Humble Administrator's Garden is a famous scenic spot in Suzhou theme park.

Located atNo. 178, Northeast Street, Loumen, Suzhou, covering an area of 60 mu, it is a classical garden built at the beginning of15th century, and is a representative of the classical gardens in the south of the Yangtze River. Pan Yue, a scholar in the Jin Dynasty, wrote a sentence in "Living in Idleness", "Irrigation of the garden for eating in the morning and evening is also a humble administration", hence the name of Humble Administrator's Garden. After hundreds of years of changes in Cang Sang, most of the existing buildings were built after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, but the old system still exists in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the Humble Administrator's Garden still maintains a simple, spacious and elegant Ming Dynasty style. The park is a national key cultural relic protection unit, one of the national special tourist attractions and a world cultural heritage. It is also known as the four famous gardens in China, together with the Summer Palace, chengde mountain resort and Suzhou Lingering Garden. So far, only Humble Administrator's Garden has these four laurels.

The whole park is divided into three parts: east, middle and west. The overall layout is characterized by sparse east and dense west, surrounded by green water, and the water surface area accounts for about 1/3 of the whole park area. Water is the bond and soul of the whole park. The open and flat hilly grassland in the east is dotted with pavilions and pavilions such as Zhuwu Qushui, Furong Tree and Tian Quan Pavilion. Lanxiangtang is the main hall in the east, and Qi Diao's Panorama of Humble Administrator's Garden hangs on the south side of the screen door in the middle of the hall, which melts the whole garden scenery into a wall. The central part is dominated by Yuanxiangtang, with Ming Xiu's landscapes, pavilions and lush flowers and trees, which are the essence of the whole park. Entering the central garden from the east, a clear pool comes into view, with towering ancient trees and weeping willows, beautiful lakes and mountains. A hole loomed in the distance. There are many halls on the south side of the pool. Chibeiyan Island, which is connected by the stream bridge, is a century-old Pterocarya stenoptera. There are some differences in the garden layout of the Humble Administrator's Garden in different historical stages, especially in different historical stages of the early Humble Administrator's Garden, especially in the early Humble Administrator's Garden, which is not exactly the same as today. It is this difference that has gradually formed the unique characteristics of Humble Administrator's Garden, mainly including:

(1) Be good at water control according to local conditions. According to "Humble Administrator's Garden" and "Returning to Tian Ju", this garden is "mostly vacant, with water standing in it and a little sparse around trees". "The ground can be pooled, the soil can be pooled, the product can be high, and the mountains can be mountains. Ikenoe, you can have a house among the mountains. " It fully embodies the advantages of making more use of accumulated water in the humble administrator's garden and dredging it into a pool; It looks like a lake, forming a swaying personality and characteristics. The existing water surface in the middle of Humble Administrator's Garden is nearly six acres, accounting for about one third of the garden area. "All pavilions and pavilions are based on water", creating a cheerful atmosphere in a large area of water garden space, basically maintaining the characteristics of "bare forest" in the Ming Dynasty.

(2) elegant and natural. Early humble administrator's garden, with lush trees, confused water color and natural scenery. The buildings in the park are very sparse, only "one hall, six pavilions on the first floor", and the number of buildings is very small, which is far lower than the building density in today's gardens. Bamboo fences, thatched pavilions and thatched huts are integrated with the natural landscape, which is simple and elegant and has a unique natural scenery. The existing landscape in the middle of Humble Administrator's Garden accounts for about three-fifths of the garden area. There are two islands in the pool, and the Chi Pan at the top of the mountain is dotted with only a few pavilions and small buildings, which makes the scenic spot look sparse, elegant and natural. Although this layout has not yet taken shape in the Ming Dynasty, it has the demeanor of a humble administrator's garden in the Ming Dynasty.

(3) The courtyard is strewn at random and tortuous. Garden architecture of humble administrator's garden. Most of them were single in the early days, and great changes took place in the late Qing Dynasty. First of all, the number of garden buildings such as pavilions, verandahs and painted boats has increased significantly. The building density in the middle reaches 16.3%. Secondly, the architecture tends to group combination, and the courtyard space changes twists and turns. Such as Xiao Canglang, as can be seen from the map of Wen Zhiming Zhuozheng Group, it is just a small pavilion by the water. During the Eight Banners period, the Feng Zhi Guild Hall was already a group of house boat. Xuanting covered bridges such as Xiaofeihong, Dezhen Pavilion, Educated Youth Yiyuan, Xiaocanglang and Tingsongfeng are surrounded by water and have a unique style. There is also a group of gardens to the east of Shuiting, namely Piba Garden, which consists of three groups of courtyards: Haitang Spring House, Tingyuxuan and Jiashi Pavilion. The main building is Linglong Pavilion. Between the landscape and the house, these two courtyards are interspersed, which better solves the transition between the house and the garden. At the same time, for the landscape, because of the contrast of these courtyard spaces of different sizes, the main space is more spacious and spacious The appearance and change of this garden-style courtyard space in the garden is likely to be related to the reduction of garden area, except for the reasons of use. The humble administrator's garden in Guangxu period was only 1.2 hectares. Like other gardens in Suzhou, it occupies a small area, so the primary task of gardening activities is to create infinite natural landscapes in a small space. This kind of garden-in-garden, multi-space courtyard combination and spatial division and infiltration ",contrast and contrast;" The combination of concealment and manifestation of space, the twists and turns of space between reality and reality, concealment and exposure; The methods of releasing space first, collecting space first, restraining it first and then promoting it are aimed at breaking through the limitations of space, obtaining the effect of seeing the big from the small, and thus obtaining rich landscapes. This treatment method has universal significance in Suzhou gardens, and it is also a common feature of Suzhou gardens. Garden landscape, flowers and trees win. Humble Administrator's Garden is known as an "excellent tree". Come down in one continuous line for hundreds of years. Two-thirds of the early thirty-one scenes of Wang Humble Administrator's Garden are based on plant themes, such as peach blossom slices, "Peach blossoms are planted on the shore and flowers are like clouds"; Zhuxi, "there are thousands of beautiful bamboos in Jiaxi" and "the scenery is very quiet"; There are hundreds of books in Yaopu with colorful flowers. "It's not fair to return to the pastoral home, but to brush the ground with weeping willows," dense trees and stone moss. "Every spring, camellia is like fire and magnolia is like snow. Apricot blossoms are in full bloom, "covering the clouds and valleys." "The burden of summer. The hibiscus trees in autumn overlap like brocade curtains. In winter, old Mei Yan bends back and forth. She is proud of the frost. There are Pan Hongxuan, Zhimeiting, Bamboo Fragrant Gallery, Bamboo Post, Zitengwu, Zhanhua Zhangjian and other landscapes. Today, Humble Administrator's Garden still maintains the tradition of winning by plant landscape. Lotus, camellia and azalea are three famous characteristic flowers. There are only 23 landscapes in Central China, of which 80% are mainly plants. Such as the lotus flowers in Yuanxiangtang and Fengge ("Xiang Yuan Qing" and "He Feng comes from all sides"); Yuxuan Linglong Pavilion leans on bamboo ("Leaning on Jasper" and "Moonlight Through Bamboo"); Orange Frost Pavilion ("There must be forest frost in Dongting"); Listen to the bamboo, lotus and banana in the rain garden ("Listen to the rain and enter the autumn bamboo", "The banana leaves are half yellow and the lotus leaves are green, and two autumn rains sound"); Magnolia in Yulantang ("This life should be as clean as Yulantang"); Plum in Xueyun Pavilion ("It is not snow from a distance, but it has a faint fragrance"); Listen to the pines in the pine wind ("the wind blows cold pines since ancient times"), as well as the begonia in Chunwu, the willows in Liu Yin Road, the handles in the garden, and the pines, bamboos and cypresses in Jiashige. Pine, bamboo and plum are called "three friends of the old and the cold" in China traditional culture. In the literati's freehand brushwork garden, I especially like to plant such plants to express my master's thoughts and feelings. Pine trees do not wither when they are cold, and the seasons are evergreen. The ancients compared them to people with noble moral sentiments. Gu Zhuo's figure is often painted in paintings, which is one of the main tree species in China gardens. Songfeng Shuige, also known as "Listening to Songfeng", is a place to watch Songtao and listen to waves. This water pavilion has a square roof and a closed space. Through the small door between the corridors, the other three sides adopt the structure of half wall and half window. The eaves of the roof are very large, and the cornices are particularly high, showing a graceful and elegant style. The whole building does not adopt the regular direction of due south and due north, but inclines at a 45-degree angle, and it can be hung on the water in the air, which is sheltered from light and breathable, and is most suitable for viewing in summer. There are several black pines planted beside the pavilion. When the wind blows, the pine branches move away, and the sound of pines and colors is ready. This is a unique scenery.