I want to go to Mount Tai to worship the gods.

Grandma Taishan-Bi Xia Yuan Jun

Yuan Jun, Bi Xia was originally a statue of the Jade Girl in the Jade Girl Pool at the top of the mountain. After Song Zhenzong sealed Mount Tai, she was named "herself Bi Xia Yuan Jun". The Taoist book "Continued Collection of Taoist Scriptures", "Bi Xia, the maid of the fairy jade, protects the world and helps the real people" and "Always town Mount Tai, enrich the country and enrich the people, help Eritrea save the danger, reward meritorious deeds and punish crimes" were cast on the royal bronze bell of Bi Xia Temple in the Ming Dynasty. Since then, Yuan Jun, Bi Xia has been above Mount Tai. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Xizhi's inscription "The Monument to the Bixia Palace" said: "Since the prosperity of the Bixia Palace, everyone has brought incense to Dongyue and salt to Yuan Jun. Nearly a hundred miles, thousands of miles away. Every year, hundreds of thousands of people worship Xiang Ding Yue and give hundreds of thousands of gold coins. Incense regards it as. " Wang Zhao's "Walking in Shandong" records that people around Mount Tai "look up at Mount Tai all day long and don't know there is Mount Tai, so it is called Granny Mountain." People call Bi Xia Yuan Jun the mother and grandmother of Mount Tai, which shows the worship of Mount Tai.

In the feudal society where men are superior to women, why is Bi Xia Yuan Jun, as a goddess, respected to such a lofty position? Scholars believe that it has a profound social background. In ancient times, there were two Taishan gods. One is Di Qing, who was worshipped as Tai Hao in ancient times. Di Qing is the Lord of all things and the God of life. The other is the Lord of Mount Tai, the landlord of Mount Tai, and the grandson of heaven and earth. Lords recruit people's souls and rule the underworld. Di Qing is a mountain god, and Fujun on Mount Tai is the landlord. The two gods have their own division of labor, but they are both popular in one place, which is easy to confuse. Later, they merged into one, collectively known as Dongyue the Great. But this great god, who is both the god of life and the god of death, combines the power of life and death in one statue. Although it embodies the desire of the supreme ruler to centralize power, it is unacceptable to the people of China. Therefore, according to their own life experience, China people who are good at making gods gradually mythologized the jade girl in front of the throne of Dongyue Emperor, and finally shaped the goddess Bi Xia Yuan Jun. And transferred the theocracy and duties that originally belonged to Dongyue Emperor, such as saving lives and dominating fertility, to Yuan Jun, Bi Xia.

Bi Xia Yuan Jun is the patron saint of women in China, which was created by feudal women living at the bottom of China. At that time, if a woman could not have a son, she had no position in the family. But in the cultural atmosphere of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, how can a woman tell her inner pain to a male fairy, or pray for his blessing and son? So gradually, the right of Dongyue Emperor in charge of fertility was assigned to the goddess. In the feudal agricultural patriarchal society, it is natural to have children and inherit the family bloodline. And the god who can make promises and guarantees at this point naturally becomes the god of Tianzihao. This is the social, historical and cultural background of China, where Bi Xia and Yuan Jun gradually evolved from the God who dominated life to the Almighty God, replacing Dongyue the Great who lived at the top of Mount Tai.

The people only know that there is Granny Mountain, but they don't know that there is Mount Tai. The change of belief shows that Mount Tai, the sacred mountain that feudal rulers want to dominate, has returned to the hands of ordinary people in China. It also shows that no matter the war in the material world or the struggle in the spiritual field, the ultimate ruler can only give up. Thousands of years of human history in Mount Tai has eloquently proved that the will of the people is providence, and the attempt of rulers who deviate from public opinion to dominate everything will eventually come to nothing.