Lou Deyi's Wealth _ Lou Deyi's Tomb

On September 9, 689, the bell rang and hundreds of officials bowed in the Hanyuan Palace, Daming Palace in Chang 'an, the capital. A woman wearing a crown and a yellow robe announced that she had changed her country name to Zhou and called herself the "Emperor of the Holy Spirit". She is the only female emperor Wu Zetian in the ancient history of China.

Wu Mei is a natural beauty.

Wu Zetian, also known as, was born in Wenzhou. His father followed Li Yuan's anti-Sui campaign and was a upstart in the Tang Dynasty. Wu Zetian was born beautiful and charming. /kloc-was elected to the palace at the age of 0/4 and was named "a gifted scholar". Emperor Taizong named her "Wu Mei". Later, after the death of Emperor Taizong, she was sent to Ganye Temple to become a nun.

In 649 AD, Prince Li Zhi succeeded to the throne, namely Tang Gaozong. Li Zhi fell in love with Wu Mei when he was young. After she ascended the throne, she was recalled to the palace and became a princess, which was greatly favored. Six years later, Li Zhili Wu Mei became the queen. Later, Tang Gaozong fell ill and entrusted Wu Zetian to deal with the failure of state affairs. So, she gradually monopolized the power. In order to keep the power, she abolished Prince Li Hong and Li Xian. After the death of Emperor Gaozong, Li Xian in Tang Zhongzong was abolished, and Li Dan, the young emperor of Zong Rui, was made emperor, and he continued to control the state power. There is no denying that Wu Mei did something beneficial to the country and the people when she was in power. She selected talents in an eclectic way, presided over the examination in the palace herself, took measures to improve the status of jurors in the examination, offered martial arts subjects and developed the imperial examination system. Therefore, the imperial court was full of talents, including prime ministers Di, Yao Chong and Zhang Jian, and generals Tang Tijin, Lou Deye and Guo. During her administration, she also attached great importance to agricultural production and ordered the compilation of Zhaoren Ben Ye Ji to popularize and improve agricultural technology. At the same time, attention was paid to building water conservancy projects, and many gates, dams, ditches and canals were built in Shaanxi, Sichuan and Qinghai. She stipulated that local officials should reward and promote all counties where land is reclaimed and people have surplus grain. Local officials will be punished in counties with poor governance and population migration. Wu Zetian was a queen at the age of 32 and ruled for 50 years at the age of 82. During her reign, the national economy developed steadily, which laid the foundation for the later "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng". Set up a "tablet without words"

This forward-looking, smart, ambitious and fearless female politician had a "wordless monument" erected in front of the mausoleum before her death. Maybe she expected that future generations would have different views on herself, so she was judged by others.

As she expected, in the 1000 years after her death, people never agreed on her. After her death, her historical achievements and personal talents were appreciated by many people, but the words of reprimanding her kept coming like a huge wave. What is this for? According to the consistent thinking, she has the following charges:

First, the fox charms the Lord. When Wu Zetian 14 entered the palace, she was elegant and charming. However, in front of Emperor Taizong, she was not favored, and was only named as a "gifted scholar", ranking sixth among empresses, similar to a maid. It was not until she came to Li Zhi's side that her talent and looks really came into play. She saw through Li Zhi's lust, affection, cowardice, indecision and sentimentality. With Li Zhi's love, she became "Zhao Yi" and was soon promoted to "Chen Fei". Later, she carefully planned to abolish the queen and become a queen herself. In less than a year, she reached the peak of power.

The second is harsh and overbearing. During Tang Gaozong's illness, all political affairs were handled by Wu Zetian, and courtiers called her "Tianhou". After the death of Emperor Gaozong, Wu Zetian monopolized the power. She abolished the prince and officially ascended the throne, becoming a veritable female emperor. She hired cruel officials, repeatedly imprisoned prisoners, tortured confessions and imprisoned her own son. Countless imperial families and courtiers were killed unjustly. In his later years, he was arrogant and extravagant, and he acted arbitrarily, which had many disadvantages.

The third is the messy erotic palace. She is not satisfied with resplendence, magnificence, extravagance and waste, luxurious food and a chariot life, but also keeps a good face and dotes on male concubine. First of all, I prefer Xue Huaiyi to serve him. This guy who sold plasters in the street was later named General Zuo Weiwei and Liang Guogong. There are doctors Shen Nan, Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Zongchang. The Zhang brothers have no talent, but they are favored because they are handsome and can please Wu Zetian. Wu Zetian also built a crane control room for Zhang Yizhi to gather some young men for her own entertainment. She was 39 years old when she joined the army. She was 73 years old when the Zhang brothers joined the army. In this regard, the criticism of future generations is endless.

An Outstanding Queen-Wu Zetian

However, if we objectively analyze her living and environmental conditions, the evaluation should be fair:

First of all, Wu Zetian and contemporary women have different hearts. Others think that emperors and concubines are in groups, only a few people are favored, and once they enter the palace, they are as deep as the sea, and separation is death. When Wu Zetian entered the palace, she was filled with joy and longing. She was not favored in front of Emperor Taizong because there were two things that made Emperor Taizong dissatisfied. One is that Emperor Taizong asked how to tame the fierce war horse "Lion Qi", and Wu Zetian said, "Just a iron whip, a hammer and a dagger. If the horse doesn't listen, I'll whip it with an iron whip; If you don't listen, I'll hit it with a hammer. If you don't listen, I'll stab it with a dagger. " Emperor Taizong praised her on the surface, but in fact he had bad feelings in his heart. Because Li Shimin hates women's strong personality. Another point is that Emperor Taizong was superstitious about astrology and fortune telling. Minister Li is proficient in astronomy and good at stargazing. He told Emperor Taizong that a few years later, people named Wu rose up and destroyed the Tang Dynasty. Emperor Taizong wants to kill all the people surnamed Wu. Although Li finally dissuaded him, he never trusted Wu Zetian. After his death, he sent her to Ganye Temple as a nun.

Supposedly, Wu Zetian is the widow of the late emperor and a female disciple of Buddhism, so she should never achieve anything. But Wu Zetian conquered Li Zhi with her own charm and changed her fate. When Li Zhi lost his mind, he looked at it calmly and carefully controlled it. His heart was hot and his face was cold, playing hard to get. As for her being accused of "incest", this statement is still wrong. Because the Tang family is mixed with the blood of the Hu people, the marriage custom of the Hu people in the Tang Dynasty allows a woman to marry two generations of father and son.

Secondly, before Wu Mei became queen 10, Emperor Gaozong was lazy and careless about state affairs, and later he simply recovered, which gave Wu Zetian the opportunity to take charge of state power alone. A specific marriage provides a stage for this woman with outstanding ambition, mind and energy to show her charm. In 683 AD, Emperor Gaozong died, and Wu Zetian faced a major choice: whether to be emperor or to participate in politics in the name of the empress dowager? As the wife and concubine of Li and his son, she decided not to be emperor for the time being. It was not until 690 AD that she felt that the time was ripe and officially ascended the throne as emperor. At this time, Wu Zetian began to snitch, kill the minister of civil and military affairs, imprison her own son, appoint cruel officials and act arbitrarily. Later generations only saw its negative effects when evaluating this move. In fact, it is inevitable for any emperor to take drastic measures to seize and consolidate the throne. Especially, as a unique female emperor, facing the secular vision and feudal ethics, it is beyond reproach to take some extreme measures in order to eliminate the worries and fears in her heart, establish her prestige and dignity, and make all the people in the world submit. After she took office, she changed many titles, the names of various ministries, place names and even her own names. All this shows that she is showing her authority and letting people inside and outside the government know that there is such a queen with supreme authority ruling them.

As for filth, whether it is the Zhang brothers, it may not be entirely out of selfish desires, but it may also be to show the majesty of the queen. Since men can have groups of concubines when they are emperors, why can't women have the face to serve when they are enthroned? Judging from her attitude towards the conflict between courtiers and chiefs, she is not partial to chiefs. She squandered money on senior officials and even condoned their misconduct, but when she endangered state affairs and violated important officials, she was never polite. This shows that the goal she pursues is to hope that others can respect themselves as much as the male emperor. However, Wu Zetian could never break away from the shackles of tradition and was always worried about being a woman. Before she died, she admitted that she was the wife and concubine of Emperor Lee, and the throne was passed on to her son.

Wu Zetian's wordless tablet has thousands of words, which is also difficult to describe.